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Flashcards in Final Deck (56)
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1
Q

What does the name “Ataturk” mean?

A

Father of the Turks

2
Q

What was the name Ataturk was born with?

A

Mustafa Kemal

3
Q

How did Ataturk stand up against European Powers?

A

After WWI and the fall of the Ottoman Empire, Ataturk was considered the driving force behind the creation of a modern (western), secular Turkey.

4
Q

What influence did Ataturk have on Turkey’s Government?

A

He allowed the Turkish parliament to remain open and adopted the French model of separation off State and Religion.

5
Q

Who was John Maynard Keynes?

A

A British Economist who revolutionized the theory and practice of modern macroeconomics.

6
Q

What is the “Boom and Bust” cycle?

A

In times of depression/recession the state need to stimulate the economy by spending. Keynes believed the key to this was the government’s intervention in the economy.

7
Q

Who was the founding member of the Chinese Communist Party?

A

Mao

8
Q

What did Mao’s military lead grass roots movements became know as?

A

The “People’s War”

9
Q

After Mao succeed in taking over China, what republic did he find?

A

The People’s Republic of China

10
Q

Which social class did Mao favor?

A

Peasants

11
Q

How did Gandhi become the most prominent advocate for nonviolence?

A

He protested for the independence of India from British imperialism

12
Q

What were many of Gandhi’s protest targeted at?

A

He protested against imported British produces (textiles and salt) and civil disobedience.

13
Q

What was the cause of Lenin’s hate toward Russian aristocracy?

A

His brother was assassinated

14
Q

How did Lenin make a bid for power?

A

After the fall of the tsar, Lenin led the Bolshevik group and after a successful coup, Lenin became the leader of the new Communist Russia

15
Q

Which radical writer was Lenin Fascinated with?

A

Karl Marx

16
Q

What happened to Lenin after he died?

A

He was mummified.

17
Q

Who became Lenin’s successor?

A

Stalin

18
Q

What was Stalin’s views on agricultural policies?

A

He is well known for his policies in collectivization of agriculture (particularly of anything once owned by the Kulak (wealthy farmers) the people were then either executed or relocated).

19
Q

What social class was Lenin born part of?

A

A well-educated middle-class

20
Q

What was Stalin’s father’s job?

A

He was a poor Georgian cobbler

21
Q

Who were Lenin’s two head men?

A

Stalin and Trotsky

22
Q

Who created the “Hammer and Sickle” red flag?

A

Trotsky

23
Q

What happened to Trotsky after Lenin’s death?

A

He competed with Stalin to becoming the next leader, he lost was forced into exile and was later assassinated under Stalin’s orders.

24
Q

What career did Hitler try to pursue prior to joining the army?

A

Art in Austria

25
Q

Why did Hitler shift to radical views and whom did he blame?

A

He was ashamed and upset by Germanys defeat in WWI and gained Anti-Semitic views believing the Jews were responsible for his counties loss and disgrace.

26
Q

What book does Hitler write in prison and what is it about?

A

Mein Kampf, which describes his plan to rid Germany of Jews and the superiority of the Aryan race

27
Q

What political party does Hitler create and what position was he placed in?

A

He formed the Nazi party and became the Chancellor and later the Emperor of all Germany

28
Q

What job did Mussolini hold prior to forming his political part and what was the name of the party?

A

He was a journalist for a socialist newspaper, until disagreements with other socialist concerning WWI led him to found the Italian Combat Squad.

29
Q

Who formed the Italian Combat Squad and what did they denounce?

A

War Veterans in black shirts whom denounced both communism and democracy.

30
Q

How did Mussolini demand Italian premiership and what did he do to insure he stayed in power?

A

He threatened a Blackshirt march on Rome and later abloished elections, established strict censorship, and organized a secret police.

31
Q

Who was Prime Minsiter of Britain through most of WWII?

A

Churchill

32
Q

What speech is Chruichill best known for?

A

The Iron Curtain Speech

33
Q

Who were members of the Big Three?

A

Stalin, Franklin Roosevelt and Churchill

34
Q

What movement did Josef Tito Lead?

A

Took over Yugoslavia’s government with help from the Soviets, believed to be one of the most effective resistance movements in Europe during WWII

35
Q

Who did Josef Tito provide aid to and why?

A

Greek communists in their efforts to overthrow the government and they were successful

36
Q

Who was Stalin’s successor of the USSR?

A

Khrushchev

37
Q

What did Khrushchev change from Stalin’s previous rule?

A

He denounced many of Stalin’s actions during the purges and collectivization policies from the 1930’s

38
Q

How did Khrushchev reinvigorate the Soviet Union?

A

They began participating in the Olympics, major investments to agriculture, housing, consumer goods, and expand aid to foreign nationalist regimes in Asia and Africa.

39
Q

Why did Khrushchev resign?

A

After backing down during the Cuban Missile Crisis the Soviet Politburo sought to oust him, so he resigned

40
Q

How did Deng Xiaoping reform China’s economy after Mao’s death?

A

He combined socialist ideology with market economy practices

41
Q

Who was the main leader of China from 1978-1992?

A

Deng Xiaoping

42
Q

Who was the last leader of the Soviet Union?

A

Mikhail Gorbachev

43
Q

What were Mikhail Gorbachev’s ideas, which helped contribute to the end of the Cold War?

A

Glasnost(openness) and perestroika (restructuring)

44
Q

Who was the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran and leader of the 1979 revolution to overthrow the Shah?

A

Ayatollah Khomeini

45
Q

Who was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary and major figure of the Cuban revolution?

A

Che Guevara

46
Q

Who was the leader of the Egyptian Revolution in 1952 and second president of Egypt?

A

Nasser

47
Q

What was Nasser praised and criticized for?

A

Praised for his strides towards social justice and anit-imperialism and criticized for his authoritarianism and human rights violations

48
Q

Who was the first prime-minister of India?

A

Nehru

49
Q

What did Nehru want to do to modernize India?

A

He supported technology and capitalism and created a 5 year plan for modernization by taking good parts of US and Soviet Union and creating a 3rd type of government/economy

50
Q

Who was the South Korean president, dictator and military general from 1961-1979?

A

Park Chung-hee

51
Q

How did Park Chung-hee die and what war did he participate in?

A

He was assassinated by his own chief of security and participated in the Vietnam war at request of the US

52
Q

What was the inspiration for the Vietnam War?

A

Ho Chi Minh wanted to unite Vietnam under communist rule

53
Q

How did Ho Chi Minh become prime minister and President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam?

A

He was a Vietnamese communist revolution leader and the the Viet Minh independence movement against the French Union

54
Q

What happened to Vietnam after gaining independence?

A

It was split with a communist North and a non-communist South

55
Q

What was Detente?

A

it response to how shaken the USSR and US were to nuclear wae, under the US and USSR entered a period of tranquil relations known as Detente

56
Q

What was the Brezhnev Doctrine?

A

The right for Soviets and Warsaw pact to forcibly restrain and member country attempting to abandon socialism and the alliance with the Soviet Union