Final: Anti-infectives Flashcards
Gentamicin
Adverse effects: Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
Drug-Drug Interactions: Penicillin - causes precipitate if given in same IV
Monitor: Serum drug levels (renal function), peak/trough levels, I&O, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, tinnitus/hearing loss
Encourage hydration
Tetracycline
Adverse effects: GI irritation, photosensitivity and rash, superinfections; Skeletal (avoid in kids under 8 and pregnancy) - staining/discolored teeth, delayed bone growth
Drug-Food interactions: Should be taken on an empty stomach, one hour before or 2-3 hours after eating Can be taken at night with a full glass of water to lessen nausea
Penicillin
Contraindications: Allergies to penicillin or cephalosporins, renal disease
Adverse effects: GI (n/v/d, glossitis, stomatitis, gastritis, furry tongue), Cdiff, superinfection (vaginitis), hypersensitivity/anapylaxis, HYPERKALEMIA)
Nursing considerations: Check allergies, monitor GI symptoms, take on empty stomach, do NOT give in same line as gentamicin
Anaphylaxis
STOP infusion
Assess ABC
Think of EPInephrine (EPI)
Edema
Pruritis and hives
Inspiratory/expiratory wheezing
Ketoconazole
Adverse effects: Hepatotoxicity, effects sex hormones
Drug-Drug interactions: MANY
Increases warfarin levels/anticoagulants
Alcohol
Meds that may affect liver enzymes
Drugs that prolong QT interval
Monitor: Hepatotoxicity, culture of area, complete med list, baseline and routine labs for liver and renal function, effects on hormones
Teaching: Avoid alcohol, barrier contraception, report s/s of heptatotoxicity
Metronidazole
No alcohol disulfuram reaction, can cause sunburn, causes dark urine (harmless)
Adverse effects: GI upset take with food; Neurotoxicity, seizures, ataxia, numbness of limbs; Pseudomembranous colitis; Dark urine (harmless, expected)
Drug-Drug/Food Interactions:
Alcohol (Disulfiram-like reaction)
Warfarin, lithium, phenytoin, dilantin
