FINAL EXAM Flashcards by Shannon Gjerde

true/false:

prefixes are attached directly to the end of the word

false

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true/false:

suffix is placed at the end of the word root

true

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true/false:
the definition of a medical word usually beings with the defining suffix first and continuing to read backward through the word

true

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true/false:

if the suffix begins with a vowel, the root will not attach directly to it

false

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true/false:

a word can end in a combining form

false

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true/false:

medical words are made up of word roots, prefixes and suffixes

true

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true/false:

when using more than one word root, a combining vowel is needed to separate the different word roots

true

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the suffix ‘osis’ means

condition

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true/false:
when a medical word has a prefix, the definition of the word usually begins with defining the suffix first, then the root second, and the prefix last

false

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a word part that is attached to the end of teh word root defines which of the following

suffix

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true/false:
compound words are usually composed in the following order:
combining form + word root + suffix

true

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true/false:

words with the same root will have different meanings depending on the prefix attached

true

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the basic foundation of a word to which is component parts are added defines

word root

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a word element that is added at the beginning of a word defines

prefix

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the prefix ‘inter’ means

between

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the prefix ‘bi’ means what?

two

double

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‘excessive’ is the definition of

hyper

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prefix ‘ad’ means

toward

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prefix ‘meta’ means

change

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suffix ‘itis’ means

inflammation

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prefix ‘anti’ means

against

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prefix ‘epi’ means

upon

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suffix ‘a’ makes what type of word

noun

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prefix ‘bio’ means

life

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prefix 'hypo' means

less than | under

prefix 'ab' means

from

suffix 'tomy' means

incision into

suffix 'ical' means

adjective

suffux 'ile' means

pertaining to | capable

prefix 'hydro' means

water

suffix 'gram' means

record or picture

suffix 'tion' makes

noun

suffix 'lysis' means

destruction | detachment

prefix 'ultra' means

beyond

prefix 'post' means

after

prefix 'tachy' means

rapid

prefix 'contra' means

against

suffix that means 'characterized by' is

ory

prefix 'brady' means

slow

prefix 'trans' means

across

suffix 'ician' means

specialist in a field of study

suffix 'metry' means

process of measuring

suffix 'rrhaphy' means

suturing

suffix 'oma' means

tumor

suffix 'emia' means

blood condition

suffix 'lith' means

stone

suffix 'megaly' means

enlargement

suffix 'lepsy' means

seizure

'sensitivity to pain' is the definition of

algesia

'surgical repair' is the definition of

plasty

'pertaining to the back or posteriior' is the definition

dorsal

what is made up of tissues arranged together to perform a particular function?

organs

which of the following it not one of the four quadrants

LPQ

which plane divides the body into = right/left portions

midsagittal plane

which plane divides the body into front/back portions

frontal plane

which pleans cut across the the body and divides it into upper and lower portions

transverse planes

what is located in the middle section of the abdomen between the right/left lumbar regions?

umbilical region

how many divisions of the back are there?

what organs are located in thorasic cavity?

lungs | heart

is the bladder found in the abdominal cavity?

definition of 'superficial' is

pertaining to the surface or near surface

defintion of 'supine' is

lying horizontally, face up

genes are

segements of chromosomes that transmit hereditary characteristics

developmental failure resulting in the absence of any organ or tissue is

aplasia

new and abnormal development of cells that may be benign or malignant is

neoplasia

abnormal development of tissues/organs is

dysplasia

'caudal' means

pertatining to the tail

'toward the side of the body, away from the midline' is definition of

lateral

top of the foot is

dorsum

localized collection of pus in any part of teh body is

abcess

laceration is

a tear in skin

erthemia is

redness of the skin

a closed sac or pouch in, or within skin that contains fluid, semi-fluid or solid material is

cyst

scraping or rubbing away of skin as a result of friction to the area is

abrasion

injury to part of the body w/o a break in skin is

contusion

floating ribs are

rib pairs 11-12

small, stalk like growth that produces upward/outward from a mucous membrane surface is

polyp

hollow/concave depression in bone is

fossa

hole in the bone that allows blood vessels/nerves to pass through is

foramen

true ribs are

rib pairs 1 - 7

compound fracture is a(n)

open fracture

the diaphysis is

main shaft like portion of bone

bones that are longer than they are wide are

long bones

fracture that is caused by bone surfaces being forced against each other is

compression

abnormal inward curvature of a portion of the spine is

lordosis

form of acute arthritis that is characterized by inflammation of the big toe is

gout

____ fracture occurs when the force that causes the fracture is so great that it splinters or crushes a segment of bone

comminuted

surgical repair of a joint is

arthroplasty

difficult speech is

dysphasia

paraplegia is

paralysis of the lower extremities and body trunk

hypersensitive reaction to normally harmless antigens is

allergy

physician who specializes in treating diseases/disorders of the nervous system

neurologist

abnormal increase of CSF in the brain that causes the ventricles to dialte is

trydocephatus

a serious bacterial infection of the covering of the brain/spinal cord is

meningitis

introduction of contrast medium into the lumbar subarachnoid space through a lumbar puncture is

myelography

chronic hereditary form of anemia in which red blood cells become shaped like a crescent are

sickle cell

excessive uncontrolled increase of immature WBC in the blood is

leukemia

thrombus is

a clot

state of being resistant to or protected from a disease is

immunity

infectious disease that is chronic in nature, primarily affecting the lungs causing large areas of caviations and caseous necrosis is

suffix 'metry' means

process of measuring

in diagnostic x-ray, what interactions will occur?

compton scatter photoelectric effect pair productions

the roentgen unit is a measure of

number of ions created in the air

what is the filtration manufactured into the x-ray tube called

inherent filtration

what do the letters 'rad' stand for?

radiation absorbed dose

when radiation interacts with matter and changes direction it is called

scatter radiation

which of the following factors will affect patient dose?

filtration distance time

which exam will give the patient the highest gonadal dose?

abdomen

law of Bergonie and Tribondeau implies that sensitivity is greatest in

rapidly dividing cells | youngest stage of organism

basis for the NCRP's policies/regulations for personal and patients is

ALARA

general population is allowed what fraction of the dose allowed for occupationally exposed people?

1/10

which of the following are the LEAST sensitive cells of the body

nerve cells

primary concern in radiation to the gonads is to prevent

genetic effects

sensitivity to readiation in humans is greatest at which

embryonic stage

performance standards for the radiology dept are set by

chief radiologist

hosptial standards are set to conform with

JCAHO guidelines

what is primary concern of hospital?

patient care

an organization chart is designed to indicate

lines of authority positions of personell areas of responsibility

hospital-wide committee that functions to maintain safe working conditions is

hospital safety committee

in service education program in radiology departments is

a requirement

radiology dept policies and procedures are contained in

dept procedures manual

person responsible for verifying the qualifications of the technical staff is

radiology admin

radiologic compliance evaluation is a function of

quality assurance program

standards for hospital services are established by

JCAHO

an effective defense for a tech sued by a patient claiming neglegence would be

the exam was performed in a manner that was customary and accepted by the medical community

who is the person who is formally accused in a lawsuit?

defendant

'res ipsa loqitur' is a Latin phrase that means

'the thing speaks for itself'

what is the underlying motivation for all forms of law?

to protect people/property to provide means for correcting injustice to compensate for inquiry

what is not a valid consent condition?

to be a member of the medical profession

situations in which a tort may be brought against a tech are

imprudent conduct by RT bodily harm inflicted on patient invasion of privacy

is the patient's conditon not improving after a test a breach of standard of care

law in our society is based on

state/federal constitutions statues of state/federal legislature regulations issued by executive branch of govt

laws are framed/shaped by

community values

community values/law are generally in

agreement

allied health developed as a result of

specialization advancements in science/technology medical economics

medical tech does

analyzes/performs tests for diagnosis/treatment

medical records admin does

plans, designs, & manages patient records

respiratory therapist does

administers therapeutic procedures for respiratory emergencies

quality assurance is the responsibility of

chief radiologist chief technologist each radiology employee

quality assurance involves

monitoring x-ray equipment | in-service education for employees

what is the advantage of the pyramidal arrangement for dept admins

economy in personnel costs

what is the disadvantage of the pyramidal arrangement

communication from the base to the upper level is difficult

evaluating quality in the radiology dept may include

observing the tech's performance interviewing patients checking the in-service program for techs

troubleshooting is an activity for

equipment testing after malfunction occurs

equipment monitoring is an activity involvoing

periodic routine equipment testing

film processing requires

controlled replenishment of solutions near-constant solution temp exact combinations of chemicals

a sensitometer is an instrumetn used to do

provide a controlled amount of light to the film

a densitometer is a device for

measuring the blackness/density of the film

what was the purpose of the certificate of need requirement

to limit equipment and space to the community needs

staffing needs are computed by

``` type of procedure performed # of procedures/year type of procedure performed ```

the decision to purchase new radiology equipment is based on

number of patients who need radiographic service

in the typical general service hospital ____ of the radiographic exams will be chest x-ray?

30%

in the typical general service hospital, ___ of the radiographic exams will be flurosocope?

10%

cost of radiographic exams includes the cost of

film/film development labor equipment

silver from radiographic film can be reclaimed by recovering silver ions from

the fixer

cost of producing radiograph is highest for

personnel

cost of health care since 1995 has

increased

the guidelines for staffing in a dept of radiology is ___ production hour(s) per procedure

ethics is a discipline that deals with

morals as they relate to behavior

patients presenting themselves for radiographic exams are first impressed by

personal appearance of the tech

when the patient asks the tech what the radiograph says

tell the patient that the referring physician will have the answers

true/false: | it's ok to criticize the physician when he's wronge

false: NEVER criticize, it's unethical

the techs first duty is

the patient

techs who examine terminally ill patients should do

simply respect teh patient's right of choice

some patients require more time and attention than others b/c

they are sicker

moral/ethical conduct of individuals who are handling patients for radiographic exams is a responsibility of

radiologist tech student

characteristics of ethical behavior are

fairness honesty integrity

breach of confidentiality occurs when the patient's medical condition

discussed w/ patient's spouse written to a friend in another state discussed in strict confidence w/ a 'friend'

personal, ethical, & professional obligations lie w/

doctor tech student

legally, torts may be

violations to civil law

most American legal principles are based on

English common law

2positions and lines of authority are shown in a

organizational chart

primary concern of radiology dept is

providing quality patient care

verifying the competence of the radiography technical staff is the responsibility of

radiology admin

system of prospective payment for Medicare was based on

diagnosis related groups

exposure cord of a mobile unit should be at least

6 ft

techniques used to assess quality care given to patients are

observation of tech at work interviewing patients interviewing techs

film badges are designed to be worn

outside the apron, near the neck

x-ray beam collimation is used b/c

film quality is improved patient dose is decreased scatter radiation is decreased

quality of x-ray beam is determined by

kVp

individual in radiology dept who can legally make a diagnosis is

radiologist

'nocturia' is

urination at night, usually excessive

abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is

ascites

what is the definition of hypertension

high blood pressure

lung disease resulting from inhalation of asbestos particles

asbestosis

rotation of loops of bowel causing a twisting on itself results in an intestinal blockage is

volvulus

use of a needle to collect pleural fluid for lab analysis is

thorancentesis

inflammation of the urethra is

urethritis

instrument used to look at the inside of the bladder is

cystoscope

at what level of the spine would you find the level of the xiphoid process

T9, T10

50% of the population in the USA is what type of body habitus

sthenic

graphic record of the electrical action of the heart is

EKG

slow heart rate is

bradycardia

pounding/racing heart is

palpitation

childhood disease characterized by a barking cough is

croup

systole is

contraction of phase of the heartbeat

presence of pus in the urine is

pyuria

if x-ray projection is directed toward the outer margin of a curved body, then it is a ___ projection

tangential

if patient is lying face down, what position is he/she in

prone

malignant tumor of the kidney occurring predominately in childhood is

Wilm's tumor

radiation therapy is used to accomplish:

destruction of tumor cells | relief of obstruction

if an object/contrast agent does not permit the passage of xrays, what is it called

radiopaque

if a joint has mulitaxial movement what type of joint is it

spheroid

club-chaped process on a bone is

malleolus

low pitched humming/fluttering sound is

murmur

lack/loss of appetite is

anorexia

forced/excessive extension of a joint is

hyperextension

rales is

abnormal sound heard on auscultation of the chest

expectoration of blood arising from the pulmonary system is

hemoptysis

xray beam that exits the patient is

remnant beam

decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part or organ is

ischemia

abnormal rapidity of breathing is

tachypnea

obstruction of the intestines is

ileus

how many primary bones are there in human body?

206

abnormal stone formed in the body tissues is

calculus

difficulty swalling is

dysphagia

hardening of arteries is

arterioscleosis

inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes is

bronchitits

area inside the xray tube which xrays emanate is

focal spot

immovable joint occurring only in the skull is

suture joints

plane of the body that is formed by the biting surfaces of the teeth is

occlusal

appendicular skeleton includes

humerus femur phalanges

shallow, linear channel in a bone is

groove

if a patient is upright and leans backward to put both shoulders in contact w/ the IR it is

lordotic position

if you are referring to body parts on the opposite sides of the body then they are considered to be

contralateral

___ position is when the patient is supine with the head higher than the feet

Fowler's

condition of abnormal, black, tarry stools is

melena

closure/state of being closed is

occlusion

collection of air/gas in the pleural cavity is

pneumothorax

inflammation of the outpouchings of the muscular layer of the intestines is

diverticulosis

telescoping of a portion of the bowel into the distal intestine is known as

intussusception

registered techs must show continuing education

biannually

practice standards for RTs are written by

ASRT

monitoring techs for ethical conducts is the function of

ARRT

JRCERT is required by the __ to respond to allegations of non-compliance

USDE

AART cert requirements consist of

moral/ethical conduct completion of an accredited program successful completetion of the certifying exam

JRCERT accredition is

non-governing

ideal radiology admin will have expertise in

radiologic technique and management

curriculum being taught in your radiography program is based on the national radiography curriculum from which profession organization?

ASRT

the initials RT(R) (CV) (ARRT) would be used by RTs specializing in

special procedures

JRCERT's board of directors

serves w/o compensation is legally bound to protect the interest of the JRCERT is required to appoint a member from the general public

educators in RT must have expertise in

curriculm design assessing the effectivenss of clinical practice counseling students in career opportunities

USA spends more than what amount on health care annually?

$1,000,000,000,000

true/false:continuing education was instituted to reinforce cultural / ethinic status

false: it was to prevent professional obsolescence to advance the professon

nat'l legislation to establish minimum education requirements for operators of radiation-producing equipment had its origin in which professional organization

ASRT

by the year 2025 half of all older Americans will be over what age?

the latest medical technology may add what % per day to the patient's hospital bill

ARRT offered its first certficate in

1922

nation's health care goals are stated in a document titled

Health People 2010

ARRT is the national organization for which

certifying the qualified tech

eligibility to sit for the ARRT exam in radiography requires what?

completion of an ARRT recognized accredited program in radiography

ARRT

develops tests and examines applicants in RT

in 1997 what became a requirement for recertification?

showing evidence of continuing education+

the ARRT exam consists of a

200 question computerized test plus pilot questions

ARRT does

register techs in radiation therapy, radiography, and nuclear medicine exams techs for advanced level specialities awards certficates in basic/advanced level radiography

score is defined as passing provided that

a composite score of 75 is made

purpose of the ARRT is to do

encourage education elevate standards of radiologic technologists examine/certify elgible candidates

what was primary reason the ASRT was formed?

education

national organization for radiologic technology educators is

ACERT

national organization for radiologic technology managers is

AHRA

national organization for all RTs is

ASRT

today, ASRT serves it members with

education program curricula professional representation continuing education/scholarly publications

short-term postgraduate education for the radiographer is

sonography | radiation therapy

group that represents over 350,000 health care professionals, including all radiologic science practioners is

Summit on Radiologic Sciences and Sonography

professional journal published by the ASRT is

Radiologic Technology

other professionals who work in diagnostic imaging and therapy include

radiologists physicists nurses

personnel management, budget preparation, union negotiations, & purchasing are a few of the areas of involvement of teh

dept' admin

monitoring of personnel radiation exposure is the responsibility of

radiation safety officer

minor radiographic/fluoroscopic equipment problems are often served by

equipment specialist

in today's radiology dept, upward and lateral mobility depends primarily on

education

what is of the utmost importance in quality assurance/quality control program

processor monitoring

JCAHO requires that radiology dept establish

quality assurance/quality control program

qualificiations for radiologic science program director, faculty, clinical coordinator, and clinical instructor are addressed by?

JRCERT

number of CE credits required for renewal of certification is

24 units in a 2 year period

continuing education for RT is

mandatory for all registered techs

CE credits may be obtained from an accredited postsecondary educational institution

courses in disciplines specified by ARRT

for an academic course to be acceptable for CE credit, the course must be relevant to

radiographic sciences | patient care

the organization requiring continuing education for renewal of certification is

ARRT

organization responsible for approving educational activities for CE credits is

RCEEM

what is payment system that determines costs/payments before delivery of service called

prospective payment

main objective for continuing education is

provide efficient patient care

single largest cost in providing medical care is

labor

lifestyle factor(s) that has/have the largest role in relation to the management of good health are

diet/smoking

when do most individuals incur the majority of their health care expenses?

last year of life

number of workers available to pay into gov't or private health insurance is

falling

radiographic exams performed for the sole purpose of avoiding litigation is

defensive medicine

increasingly, entry-leve RT are working in which

imaging centers physician offices urgent care facilities

in what way does the JRCERT accreditation benefit students

by ensuring that a program meets nationally established professional standards

what gov't agency is responsible for the oversight of institutional/programmatic accrediation

USDE

site visitors' responsibilities include

developing a report of findings from the onsite eval of a program evalutating a program through an onsite visit of teh sponsoring institution

which of the following is likely when a programs deficiences threaten the capability of a program to provide acceptable education

the program is awarded probationary accreditation

educational standards address

radiation safety curriculum mission statement and goals

JRCERT accredited pgorams may exist in which

health care facilities colleges proprietary schools

the JRCERT is

an accreditor of educational programs

JRCERT board of directors includes

radiologic technologists physicians represenative of the public

speciality that allows for most patient contact is

radiaton therapy

JRCERT investigates complaints that do what

relate to a programs compliance with the educational standards

what is a responsibilit of the JRCERT

evaluation of education programs

radiolgical sciences education has evolved from teh __ to the ___

apprentice | academic

what is the max lenght of an accreditation award from the JRCERT

8 years

what is true of accredidation

voluntary process generally conducted by nongov't agency peer-review process

what is true of a pgoram's self study report?

includes info about the porgrams outcomes in relation to its mission/goals it's an eval of the pgoram by program personnel

what imaging modality is useful in studing the brain and spinal cord through visualization?

MRI

which procedure is not an xray exam?

CT u/s MRI

what are advantages of u/s

no radiation used | it can be used to monitor fetal dev't

distinguishing differences between CT and MRI

magnetic field vs radiation

formulaton of radipharmaceuticals and the localization of each w/in the body are unique to what discipline?

nuclear medicine

which specialty is involved in the treatment of diseases rather that its diagnosis?

radiation therapy

in what specialty may national certification be obtained through an organization other than ARRT

u/s

what subject is the curriculum not common to all disciplines/

treatment planning

what is clearly shown on a lateral abdomen projection in the dorsal decubitus positon?

pre-vertebral space | air-fluid levels

where is the center of the cassette positioned for an AP abdominal radiograph done in the left lateral decubitus position?

2" above the ililiac crests

common indications for performing oral cholecystography include

cholelithiasis cholecystitis biliary stenosis

it's often necessary to demonstrate small amounts of intraperitoneal gas in patients with an acute abdomen. How long should the patient lay in the left lateral position before the radiograph is made?

10-20 mins

what is the radiologically important primary function of the liver?

formation of bile

the serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic walls is called?

peritoneum

the liver lies in the

RUQ

what conveys blood to the liver

hepatic artery | portal vein

pancreas produces what

insulin glucagon pancreatic juice

the 2 main heaptic ducts join to form the

common hepatic duct

the common heptaic duct and the cystic duct join together and form the

common bile duct

common bile duct adn the pancreatic duct join together and enter a chamber known as

hepatopancreatic ampulla (of Vater)

functions of the gallbladder include

store bile | concentrate bile

what is a prime consideration in producing optimal radiogrpahs of the abdomen

explain the breathing procedure to patient | don't start exposure for 1-2 seconds after expiration

what describes the function of the spleen

produces lympohcytes | stores/removes dead blood cells

technical factors for an abdominal radiograph should be set to produce

moderately wide lattitude

properly exposed abdominal radiograph will exhibit

psoas muscles lower boarder of the liver tranverse process of the lumbar vertebrae

most commonly performmed abdominal exams is referred to as

KUB

CR angulation for an abdominal radiograph is

if a patient is unable to stand for an upright AP abdominal radiograph which position should be used?

left lateral decubitus

where is the center of the cassette positioned for an AP abdominal radiograph done in the supine position

iliac crests

where is the center of the cassette positoned for an upright PA abdominal radiograph

2" above iliac crests

what is the respiration phase for an AP abdominal radiograph doen in the supine position?

expiration

what is the respiration phase for an AP or PA abdominal radiograph done in upright position

expiration

one of the primary reasons for left lateral decubitus abdominal radiograph performed is to demonstrate

air-fluid levels

for which of the followign projections of the abdomen is the xray beam placed in the horizontal position

upright, PA | AP, lateral decubitus

what is placed perpendicular to the long axis of the grid for a lateral projection of the abdomen

midcoronall plane

where is the cente rof the cassette positioned for a lateral projection of the abdomen done in the dorsal decubits position?

2" above iliac crests

what is respiration phase for all projections of the biliary tract or gallbladder?

expiration

when is the contrast medium for oral cholecystography given to the patient

2-3 hours after evening meal

why is the prone position the best position for demonstrating the structures of the biliary system

places the structures closer to the cassette`

where is cassette centered for a PA gallbladder radiograph

variable, depending on the body habitus

during an operative cholangiogram the surgeon injects the contrast medium directly into the bilialry system. what projections are typically done during this procedure in surgery

AP | AP, oblique, RPO

the inner portion of the sac that lines the abdominopelvic cavity is

visceral peritoneum

during an ERCP an endoscope is passed into the duodenum under flouroscope control. "spot" radiographs are usutally taken of the

pancreatic duct | common bile duct

what orangs lie in the abdominal cavity?

stomach gallbladder kidneys

what organs lie in pelvic cavity

rectum | bladder

outer portion of the sac that lines the abdominopelvic cavity is

parietal peritoneum

narrow space between the 2 layers of the peritoneum is called

peritoneal cavity

what should be clearly demonstrated on an AP/PA oblique projection of the lungs?

lungs & trachea filled with air

where should top of cassette be positoned for an AP oblique projection of the lungs?

1 1/2 - 2" above vertebral ___ or 5" above jugular notch

for AP oblique projection of the chest, what side is of interest?

side closest to the cassette

what does the diaphram do when the lungs expand?

drops

what is the body habitus?

shape of your insides

where is the thymus?

behind the manubrum sterni

what does the thorasic viscera consist of

lungs | mediastinum

right lung is ____" shorter than the left

for PA oblique projection of teh chest, what is the side of interest?

furtherest from cassette

what is CR angle for Lindblom of demonstrating pulminary aspes?

what is the space between the 2 pleural cavities?

mediastinum

how many chambers are in the thoracis cavity?

what organs are in thoracic cavity?

``` lungs heart respiratory organs cardiovascular organs lympathic organs inferior portion of the esphogus thymus gland ```

the trachea is anterior/inferior to the esophagus?

trachea goves from C6 -

T4/T5

where does the trachea divide?

at the carina

what is carina

hooklike process at end of trachea

foreign bodies that enter the trachea are more likely to go to which lung?

right

terminal bronchioles communicate with

aveolar ducts

each aveolar duct ends in several

aveolar sacs

the aveolar sacs are lined with

alveoli

what does the alveioli do

gas exchange

what is the respiratory system made up

pharynx trachea bronchi lungs

light spongy elastic substance that lungs are covered by

parenchyma

where are the apex parts of the lungs

above the clavicles

where is the base of the lungs

rests on diaphragm

during respiration the lungs move ____ on inpsiration

inferiorly

during respiration the lungs move ____ on expiration

superiorly

deep recesses of the parietal pleura

costophrenci angle

mediastinal surface is concave with a depression called ____ which accommodates blood vessels, nerves, etc

hilum

each lung is enclosed in a double-walled serious membrane sac called

pleura

inner layer of teh pleural sac that adheres to the surface of the lung

visceral pleura

outer layer of the pleaural sac tha tlines the wall of teh thoracic cavity

parietal pleura

space between the visceral and parietal pleura

pleural cavity

tongue-shaped process on the anteromedial border of left lung

lingula

does the mediastinum contain the lungs?

true/false? | thymus atrophies as you age

true

shield on sternum

manubrium

on PA position ___ is closer to IR

heart

on left lateral positon ___ is closer to IR

heart

quantity of electrons

mAs

quality of or penetrability

kVp

kVp is ___ on chest xrays

120

breathing instructions for chest xrays:

full inspiration on 2nd breath

gas or air in pleural cavity

pheumonthorax

code of ethics followed by RT includes

attention to radiation safety | public education

what organization stipulates that patient/family complaints must be in place/made available for use as part of continuing quality improvement

JCAHO

people from outside the hopstial such as patients, families, physicians, and others w/in community

outside customer

members of other dept

inside customer

understanding but not necessarily agreeing w/ somene position

empathy

maslow's hiearchy of needs

1. physiological needs: food, shelter, clothing 2. feeling of safety: family/health/property 3. love/belonging: friendship, family, sexual intimacy 4. satisfying relationships: self esteen, resepct 5. self-actualization: need to feel productive

control over emotions/actions

self discipline

interpret a sitation from an unbiased point of view

objectivity

acute stress brings on

fight/flight

primal stresses

life threatening obtaining food death

physical, chemical, emotinal factor that causes bodily/mental tension

stress

observations, mental images, a result of perceiving

perception

assisting or intending to assist memory

mnemonics

making wise decisions based on a set of universally accepted values

critical thinking

natural cohesivness in a group

herd instinct

father of medicine

hippocrates

what day was xray discovered

November 8, 1895

who discovered xray

wilhelm roentgen

technological knowledge doubles every

15-18 months

state of complete physical, mental, social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease

health

pattern of response of living organism to some form of injury

diease

rateof death from various conditions

mortality

occurrence of disease

morbidity

effecting many people at once; an outbreak or porduct of sudden rapid growth

epidemic

disease occurring over a wide area and affecting in exceptionally high proportions of population

pandemic

infectious diseases account for what percoent of all visits to docs each year

who primarily worked w/ fluroscope?

edison

credited w/ radium

marie curie

how many properties of xrays are there

FINAL EXAM Flashcards

(423 cards)