final exam Flashcards
(274 cards)
1
Q
When a patient can’t hear you, you should?
A
Check the hearing aid is turned on
2
Q
Patients that have hearing issues make sure to
A
speak clearly
3
Q
Patients that have difficulty communicating, the CNA should
A
Make sure to follow the care plan
4
Q
If a patient makes a suicide verbal comment the CNA should
A
Call the nurse
5
Q
What is an ADL flow sheet for?
A
To record ADL information (Activities of daily living)
6
Q
When there is an emergency, make sure you
A
Stay calm
7
Q
What a seizure starts the CNA should
A
Check the time it starts, how long it lasts
8
Q
What side should the CNA start with when dressing a resident with an affected side
A
Start with weak side first
9
Q
When feeding a resident with an affected side, the CNA should make sure to put food on
A
the stronger side
10
Q
What are the steps of lateral positioning
A
turn patient on side holding shoulder and buttocks, pillow at head, under back, btwn legs, top leg does not rest on lower leg, towel or pillow under top arm, lift shoulder and hip forward to stay off pressure points
11
Q
How do you put a gait belt on a person
A
shoes on, lock arm technique to lift and pivot, hold patient, bring belt around snuggly, buckle to side, two fingers under
12
Q
What is used to clean a patient’s mouth?
A
sponge swab
13
Q
how much do you have to work to keep your CNA license active
A
At least 1 day
14
Q
how often should you turn a patient?
A
Every 2 hours
15
Q
How often must restraints be released
A
every 2 hours
16
Q
When a patient can’t stand up, how does the CNA weigh a person
A
use a chair scale
17
Q
when getting a urine sample what is important not to mix
A
the stool and urine together should not mix
18
Q
when is sputum gathered and what can’t be mixed with it?
A
In the morning when you first wake up and no mouthwash can be in the sputum
19
Q
What is normal temp range
A
Oral 97.6 99.6
rectal 98.6-100.6
axillary 96.6-98.6
temporal artery 97.2-100.1
tympanic 96.6-99.7
20
Q
When planning activities for Alzheimer’s disease patients what does a CNA need to know?
A
Know a patients abilities
21
Q
how do identify a patient?
A
checking name tag and DOB date of birth
Agency?
22
Q
if a patient is falling what should the CNA do?
A
ease them to the floor
23
Q
What is used for mobility of the BKA
A
prosthesis below knee amputation
24
Q
what side do you put wheelchair if patient has right weak side?
A
left side
25
which nails is a CNA not allowed to cut
toe nails
26
should a cna allow patients to help getting up from wheelchair
yes let them pull themselves up
27
how do you do intake and output calculation
1oz =30mL/CC
find more info for this card
28
how long do you wait to take temperature if a patient has hot or cold beverages
10-20min
29
what does NPO mean
nothing by mouth
30
what is HIPPAA
patient privacy rights, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
31
When should you document care?
As soon as care is done document in the sheet
32
what precautions are used for all patients
standard
33
what and where do you start ROM
range of motion starts at shoulder
34
how do you inventory clothing
label first and last name on all clothing
35
what should you do if a patient is experiencing chest pain
call the nurse
36
What does a CNA do if a patient is given the wrong tray
tell the nurse
37
when does a foley bag get emptied
at the end of every shift
38
what is normal respiration
12-20 breaths
39
what should you do if you see a pest
report it
40
is it ok to apply moisture barrier cream
yes, not medicated cream
41
what is the purpose of having an opening on top of elastic stocking?
to check for circulation
42
know dangling
feet off floor,
43
what do you do if a patient falls
write incident report, don't move patient, call for help
44
where does a foley bag need to be kept
below the bladder
45
what does ROM prevent
contracture
46
NG tube feeding
nasogastric tube or Gtube
keep head of the bed (HOB) up at least 30degree angle for at least 1 hr
47
why is elderly usually have lower than regular temperature
due to a low metabolism 97.7
48
what diet does a patient with gastric irritation
low residue diet
49
know how to read urine in container in OZ, ML, CC
1oz=30ml/cc
1lb=2.2kg
50
know all ROM exercised for lower and upper extremities
51
what do you do in case of fire
Rescue, Activate, confine, extinguish RACE
52
how far apart should you apply elastic stocking and how
stand at the base of the bed facing the patient and feet should be 12-18in apart
53
what do you check for and how do you apply an ice pack
check for cyanosis, numbness, and strike to activate the ice pack, make sure to place ice and close the bag properly, 1/3 full, check bag doesn't leak first
54
What do you need to do before giving a bath or shower
disinfect bathtub or shower before and after the bath
55
what kind or orientation is used at the beginning stages of dementia
reality orientation bringing patients back to reality
56
know the different therapies to use for AD
validation therapy, reminiscence therapy
57
what is the difference btwn active and passive ROM
active patient does, passive CNA does for patient
58
what is a tepid bath
warm bath one in water just under body temperature, 33° to 37°C (92° to 98°F).
look it up this is google answer
59
what needs to be done when removing a tray from isolation patient
The tray needs to be double bagged
60
What should you check after you apply ted hose
check the toes for circulation, cold, numbness, etc
61
what should you do if a family asks for health records
send them to the nurse for further information
62
how do you clean when doing perineal care
clean to dirty
63
what is bradycardia
Slower-than-expected heart rate, generally beating fewer than 60 beats per minute.
64
what is tachycardia
A rapid heartbeat that may be regular or irregular, but is out of proportion to age and level of exertion or activity.
65
what is bradypnea
Bradypnea, a slow respiratory rate (<12 breaths/min), is caused by medications such as narcotics and medical conditions associated with elevated carbon dioxide levels
66
what is tachypnea
Abnormally rapid breathing
67
what is dyspnea
Difficult or labored breathing.
68
what is orthopnea
Discomfort when breathing while lying down flat; common in people with some types of heart or lung conditions.
69
what is normal range for pulse
60-100
70
When collecting 24hr urine collection discard
the first voided specimen then start collecting. it starts in the morning and ends the next day morning 7am-7am
71
what do you need to make sure when doing a procedure
that both staff and patient know the procedure steps
72
how do you collect midstream urine collection
let patient void and collect urine in the middle of urination, label the specimen container
73
what is dangling done
it is done usually before getting a patient up to transfer or walking. check for dizziness before transferring. feet are not flat on the floor. feet are dangling to the side of the bed
74
when transferring a patient
you can raise the head of the bed and make sure to put the shoes on
75
what do you do after colostomy care
discard soiled things in facility approved bag
76
A resident refuse to allow nurse aide to bathe her. The nurse aide tells the resident that she will not be allowed to eat lunch if she does not eat have her bath. This is an example of
Verbal abuse
77
H.S care is care that is given
H.S. (hour of sleep) care is done in the evening or at bedtime. If the resident is dressed, they change into sleepwear. It includes washing face and hands, and oral care. Dentures are removed and cleaned.
78
the proper medical abbreviation for bid is
two times a day
79
the surgical bed should be left in what position
highest position
80
Mrs. Smith has suffered minor burns to her legs from a waste basket fire. As a nursing assistant you should
apply a cool wet cloth to the burn
81
You are assigned to give a complete bed bath to a resident. As a CNA, you should identify your resident by
check identifation for name and agency and DOB
82
The first step in performing any procedure is to
Question options:
Perform handwashing
83
How many minutes should a manual rectal thermometer is held in place in order to get an accurate reading?
No more than 2 minutes
84
When taking rectal temperature with an electronic thermometer, you should first
Cover the red bulb thermometer with a plastic sheath
85
The force of the blood against the blood vessel is
Blood pressure
86
Which blood pressure should you report?
98/54
87
The most common site for counting pulse is :
radial pulse
88
what does ROM prevent
contracture and atrophy
89
A patient is on bedrest, wearing a ted hose. How often should we remove ted hose?
At least twice a day
90
Occult blood specimen is to check for
blood in the stool
91
if a patient does not eat all the food on his tray, nurses aide should
ask the patient why he has not finished
92
When working with a resident who has urinary retention , the nurse aide can expect that the client will
be unable to urinate
93
When a resident is on Intake and Output the nurse’s aide should record
All the liquids resident drinks
94
A resident who is on strict Intake and Output consumed the following during Breakfast: 4 ounces of oatmeal, 6 ounces of coffee, and 8 ounces of milk, 3 oz of Jello, 100 cc water . Calculate the intake in ccs?
610CC
95
When caring for a person with traction, nursing assistant should
keep the weights off the floor
96
A trochanter roll is used
keep the hip in alignment
97
The charge nurse asks the nurse aide to place Mr. smith in Fowler’s position after breakfast. How should the aide position the patient?
Lying with head of the bed elevated at 90- degree angle
98
Mrs. Jones complains of lower back pain and you asked her to rate the pain. The resident states the pain is 5 out of 10. You should first
Ask the resident what usually relieves the pain?
99
When giving sitz bath to resident, as a nursing assistant you should
Immerse the affected body part in water
100
When applying cold treatment to a patient, it is important to observe the patient closely for signs of
Cyanosis
101
after every three to four bites of food.
Offer fluid
102
If the client needs a bed or fracture pan,
place a protective pad under the client to protect their bed linens. If able, have the client roll to one side, place the pan under his buttocks, and raise the head of the bed up so the client is in a more natural “seated” position. When the client is finished, lower the head of the bed, remove the bedpan, and cleanse and dry the perineal area.
103
what do veins do
vessel that carries blood to the heart
104
what to look for from stool output
COCA color Oder consistency Amount
105
what position for recital temp
left sims position
106
how to promote normal urination
raise head of the bed
107
what do arteries carry to all body parts
oxygenated blood to all body parts
108
what do veins carry to the heart
deoxygenated blood to the heart
109
the force of blood against the blood vessel is
blood pressure
110
what is the aorta
is the largest artery of the body and carries blood from the heart to the circulatory system. It has several sections: The Aortic Root, the transition point where blood first exits the heart, functions as the water main of the body.
111
what observations to report
micturition, voiding
112
what is normal adult output
1200-1500cc, 500cc every 8hours
113
when body tissues swell with water
edema
114
how many cc is 1 quart
1000cc/ml
115
what is RICE
rest, ice, compression, elevation
116
when a person is moved to a new room who is told about the transfer
the new roommate
117
signs of approaching death
decreased responsiveness
118
hematuria, frequency, dysuria are the signs of
benign prostatic hypertrophy BPH
119
Assistive devices help residents
perform ADL's
120
which of the following factors does affect how a person handles pain
culture, past experiences, rest and sleep
121
how often should you check vital signs after surgery
every 15min for first hour, ever 30 for 2nd hour, every 1hr for next 4hrs
122
Mrs. A has mild dementia and doesn't want morning care done, what rights were violate if CNA does it anyway
freedom from coercion and invasion of privacy
123
type of therapeutic baths include
tepid, whirlpool, sitz bath
124
what do pupils do when death has occured
the pupils dialate
125
what happens when heat is applied to an area
blood vessels dialate
126
What is log rolling
moving patient as a whole unit
127
when do you use sims position
rectal temp and enima
128
walking with walker you
weak leg first then strong leg
129
what does foot board prevent
foot drop
130
what does a bed cradle do?
keeps covers from resting on legs and feet
131
how should you reposition patients?
make sure they are in a straight line
132
what is an AFO
ankle foot orthotic
133
what is chronic pain
it is always there like arthritis
134
what is acute pain
pain for a few hours, comes and goes
135
what is it called if you have low blood pressure
hypotension
Low blood pressure is also known as hypotension. People with a reading of around 90/60, or less, are commonly regarded as having low blood pressure. Some people who have low blood pressure experience symptoms as a result of it. There may be an underlying cause that could need treatment
136
using any heat or cold must be ordered by
a doctor
137
what do you do if a patient is hemoraging
apply pressure
138
what are signs of shock
Cool, clammy skin
Pale or ashen skin
Bluish tinge to lips or fingernails (or gray in the case of dark complexions)
Rapid pulse
Rapid breathing
Nausea or vomiting
Enlarged pupils
Weakness or fatigue
Dizziness or fainting
Changes in mental status or behavior, such as anxiousness or agitation
139
Sign of hypoglycemia-
sweating
140
when a patient has discomfort when urinating
dysuria
141
How many people are needed for the hoyer lift
at least 2 people
142
Why do we use an abductor pillow
to avoid dislocating the operative hip. it immobilizes and positions the hips and low extremities
143
What are signs and syptoms of CVA/stroke
difficulty speaking, weakness on one side of body, temp loss of vision, numbness or tingling
144
what is difficulty communicating
aphasia
145
difficulty swallowing
dysphagia
146
No
Number
147
why do we have to provide mouth care for patients in final stages of life
since their mouth becomes dry they breath through their mouth
148
what is elopement and how to prevent
use wander guard
149
places more emphasis on emotional aspect of a conversation and less on the factual content
validation/affirmation therapy
150
letting patients know that others have shared similar experiences and responses. symptoms are common and not wrong
normalization therapy
151
what are the sex hormones
men-testosterone female-estrogen and progestrogen
152
complications of bed rest
pressure sores, weak muscles, circulation, blood clots
153
purpose of SCD boots and binders for post op patients
SCD (sequential compression devices ) help prevent blood clots by a method of DVT (deep vein thrombosis) prevention that improves blood flow in the legs
154
method of assisting a patient to become familiar with their environment, reduces confusion and inappropriate behaviors
reality orientation
155
helping people feel contented and peaceful by recalling happy times from their past
remininscence therapy
156
complications of a hot application
blisters, burns,pain,
157
How do you support the wet cast
With the palm of your hand
158
What can a low BP lead to if you don't report it
Shock
159
What part of the hand washing procedure gets ride of germs
friction
160
a resident is complaining of a headache, dizziness and his skin is cold and clammy. what condition are they probably experiencing.
hypoglycemia, warm and dry blood sugar high
cold and clammy eat some candy
161
after a resident is discharged, what is the procedure called that the CNA does when cleaning a room?
Disinfection
162
an essential procedure when collecting a 24hr urine test
keep urine refrigerated
163
resident is showing signs and symptoms of shock. the nurse is controlling the bleeding and maintaining an open airway. resident is lying down. how can NA assist the nurse?
if the face is pale, raise the tail (elevate the ft 6-12in this helps blood flow back into vital organs and the heart and helps raise the blood pressure
if the face is red, raise the head
164
what is the most common mental health disorder in elderly
depression
165
what is a hot soak
putting the residents feet in a a soak to relax and decrease joint stiffness
166
after a resident has a been given ibuprofen to help bring down a fever what else can the CNA do to help the resident?
encourage fluids
167
resident has a security device that is to be secured to his clothes, how is it applied
it needs to be secured with a quick release clip
168
how do you convert the lbs to kilograms(kg)
1lb =2.2kg
169
what information is found on a patients wristband
Name
room number
bed number
DOB
Age
Doctor
170
when doing CPR, how many breaths are given
2 breaths every 30 compressions
171
what is a bland diet and which residents are placed on it
bland diets are foods that are non-irritating. they are served at moderate temps. no strong spices or condiments. intestinal disorders are after abdominal surgery
172
what is a diabetic meal plan
the same amount of carbs, fat, and protein are eaten at the same time each day. diabetics need to eat meals at regular times each day. it needs to be reported to the nurse when the resident did and did not eat
173
what care does a CNA do for AM care
prepare a person for breakfast
assist with elimination
clean incontinent person
change wet or soiled linens and garments
assist with face, hand washing
oral hygiene
assist with dressing and hair care
make bed and straighten rooms
ROM
174
when collecting a stool specimen from a resident, the nurse assistant must take stool from
2 different areas of stool
175
You assess your patient and he has a fever of 102.1, HR 101, RR 22. The patient appears sweaty. He most likely has what?
The patient most likely has an infection. This patient’s temperature is high, he has tachycardia and tachypnea. The fever is the number one sign for infection. The tachycardia and tachypnea is the body trying to compensate for the fever.
176
Which is the BEST way to take an apical pulse?
The heart is located on the left side of the chest so the best place to listen for the apical pulse is left of the sternum. The apical pulse should be between 60-100 beats per minute in an adult patient.
177
you are performing CPR on an adult patient. At what rate should you use to properly provide CPR?
100-120 compressions per minute
178
You are performing CPR on an adult patient. What is the correct depth per compression you should use?
2inches
179
You are performing CPR with a second rescuer available to you. You are performing chest compressions. The second rescuer is giving oxygen via bag and mask. At what rate should the second rescuer provide breaths to the patient is cardiac arrest?
2 breaths every 30seconds
180
how many ML of urine output should a patient have per hour
You would be concerned about 350 mL in the Foley catheter bag after 12hrs because the patient could be leaning toward acute kidney failure. A patient should have a minimum of 30 mL/ hr of urine output. 62.5 is the goal. The charge nurse should be notified immediately of this patient’s urine output.
181
what kind of food would be of concern of a patient on strict dysphagia precautions
OJ
Typically when a patient is on strict dysphagia precautions they will require thickened liquids. The orange juice should be thickened with a thickener in order for the patient to consume it. The CNA/nurse should look at the MD orders to determine which consistency the orange juice is to be thickened to (I.e. Honey or nectar).
182
You have a patient who is sweating, has a low heart rate, fruity smelling breath, and can barely speak to you. What is the next step you would take?
Sweating, low heart rate, fruity breath can indicate glucose changes. The first step is to obtain a POC glucose so that you can report the glucose reading to the nurse in charge.
183
signs of a stroke
It is common for the patient to have drooping of one side of the face while having a stroke. This is often called asymmetrical drooping. With asymmetrical drooping, If you ask the patient to smile and they smile, one side of the lips will not move. It is also common for one sided eye drooping to occur.
184
You are using a pulse oximeter on a patient. You know a pulse oximeter is used to measure what?
Pulse oximetry is a noninvasive way of measuring peripheral oxygen in the patient’s blood. This reading is less accurate than an arterial oxygen reading. However, the pulse oximetry reading is very close to the arterial reading.
What do certain pulse oximeter readings mean? A resting oxygen saturation level between 95% and 100% is regarded as normal for a healthy person at sea level. At higher elevations, oxygen saturation levels may be slightly lower.
185
Today a usually pleasant patient is having cognitive delays, is hitting and kicking, and does not know who the staff are. Which condition is the patient likely experiencing?
It is common for patients 65 years of age and older adults to have a UTI. A UTI in the older adult population can cause significant acute cognitive impairments. The CNA should report this to the nurse in charge.
186
Which of the following interventions should the CNA use to promote skin integrity?
Areas where bones are close to the surface (called "bony prominences") and areas that are under the most pressure are at greatest risk for developing pressure sores. In bed, body parts can be padded with pillows or foam to keep bony prominences (areas where bones are close to the skin surface) free of pressure.
187
the nurse exposed the patients genitals while she changed the bandage on his lower left thigh. What did the CNA violate for the patient?
Invasion of privacy
188
What sequence is correct for donning the required personal protective equipment for isolation procedures
wash hands
put on disposable gown
put on mask
put on goggles
put on gloves
189
Which of the following statements is the correct process for using sphygmomanometers, tympanic thermometers, and stethoscopes
follow manufactures guidelines
190
What do you do when a patient begins to fall?
help lower the patient to the floor by spreading your feet and bending you knees
191
when taking a patients rectal temp what step should you take immediately after you expose the patients buttocks
attach the rectal probe to the thermometer after removing the thermometer pack from it charger. then place plastic cover on the thermostat that you would lubricate the probe then use your one dominant hand to expose the patients anus
192
when taking a patients blood pressure where should you place the bell of the stethoscope diaphragm
brachial artery
193
what are the signs or symptom of extreme blood sugar levels in hypoglycemia patient
they would not be sluggish
he would appear to be in an irritable or confused mood. during extreme blood sugar levels they would have shallow respirations
rapid and weak pulse
no change in speech, clammy, cold, pale skin
194
a patient has had their analgesic increased. what should CNA do?
an analgesic is a strong pain medication which can cause the patient to become confused or experience constipation. Watch for the patient for a change in alertness as this could be a sign of confusion
195
The patient would not be quiet during dinner, so the nurse isolated her in the closet for two hours. Which of the following options BEST identifies this action?
involuntary seculsion
196
Which of the following chronic diseases is NOT responsible for affecting the thinking and reasoning processes of elders?
Tuberculosis is not a chronic disease that is responsible for affecting the thinking and reasoning processes of elders. Tuberculosis is a communicable disease (a contagious disease), not a chronic disease (only affects one person). Tuberculosis is a bacterium that affects a person’s lungs and immunity system, but it is not known for affecting one’s thinking and reasoning processes. A stroke, arteriosclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease are all chronic diseases that have the potential to affect one’s thinking and reasoning processes.
197
what is atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis is a hardening of your arteries caused by gradual plaque buildup. Risk factors include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, obesity, lack of exercise and a diet high in saturated fat
198
what are some age-related condition that all residents must adapt to?
The age-related conditions that do affect all residents are: they are at an increased risk for chronic illnesses; they will experience changes in their ability to move; they will experience vision and hearing loss; they will have a reduced ability to feel pain; and they will have varying sleep habits.
199
You are assigned a hemiplegia patient. Which of the following options BEST describes what the patient’s medical condition is?
A hemiplegia patient is one whose body is paralyzed on the right or left side. A paraplegia patient is one whose lower half of his or her body is paralyzed. A quadriplegia patient is one whose limbs (both arms and legs) are paralyzed. Thrombosis is the medical term used to describe a patient who has blood clots in his or her lower extremities.
200
The nurse punched out the patient’s medications and placed them in the trash without giving them to the patient. After two days of not receiving his medications, the patient was in severe pain. Which of the following options BEST identifies this action?
Negligence is an act that results in patient harm due to the nurse omitting care to the patient or incorrectly providing care to the patient. In this question, the patient was in unnecessary pain because the nurse was negligent by not giving the patient his medications. Neglect is an act that results in patient harm due to the nurse ignoring his or her needs. Abuse is when the patient suffers from physical or mental harm that was either committed or threatened. Battery is when a patient is subjected to unlawful personal violence
201
Which of the following is NOT an abnormal reaction to analgesia?
Diarrhea is not an abnormal reaction to analgesia.
Analgesia is a medication given to reduce a patient’s pain. If a patient should experience an adverse drug effect, or an abnormal reaction, to analgesia, the symptoms would include a sudden drop in blood pressure, a sudden drop in respirations, a rash, emotional distress, or dyspnea (rapid breathing). If one of your patients should show any of the previous symptoms, you should notify his or her nurse immediately.
202
Which of the following personal qualities is a nursing assistant demonstrating when he or she accepts his or her own limitations?
Honesty is the personal quality in which the nursing assistant demonstrates his or her acceptance of his or her own limitations, along with understanding the job’s duties and holding oneself accountable for what he or she does. Caring is the act of having an earnest concern for the patients’ safety and wellbeing and having the willingness to care for and about the patients. Dependability is your employer’s ability to count you to show up for work and to care for your patients. Accountability is your ability to perform the job duties for which you have been trained and to bring up any concerns privately with your immediate supervisor.
203
Which of the following options is the primary cause of death for individuals who are 85 years or older?
Injuries related to falling is the primary cause of death for individuals who are 85 years or older and the second primary cause for those who are 65 years or older. As individuals age, their eyesight worsens, making it more difficult for elders to maneuver in the dark. Elders are also more at risk of falling because aging affects their mobility; therefore, they are less stable on their feet.
204
Which of the following options BEST describes MRSA?
MRSA is best described as a life threatening skin disease that spreads through the blood stream. MRSA is a communicable disease that if left untreated it could affect the nursing facility’s entire population. Scabies is a skin rash that is caused by an infestation of tiny mites. Shingles is a viral skin condition that infects the patient’s nerve path.
205
All of the following are physical signs that a resident is in pain EXCEPT:
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is not a physical sign that a resident is in pain.
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a physical sign of pain. Tachycardia (increased pulse), tachypnea (increased respirations), and dyspnea (difficulty breathing) are all physical signs of pain. Other indicators of pain can include: sweating, grunting, crying, or moaning.
206
If you are asked to place a patient in the Sim’s position, how will you place them?
The Sim’s position is when a patient is positioned on their side with his or her undermost arm positioned at his or her back. The lateral position is when a patient is on their side with both arms positioned in front of him or her. The supine position is when a patient is on their back with the arms at his or her sides. The orthopneic position is when a patient is sitting up leaning over his or her overbed table.
207
When taking the patient’s radial pulse the first time, you find that his pulse rate is 45 BPM. Which of the following actions should you take next?
If a patient has an irregular pulse rate of 50 BPM or less, you should recount the patient’s pulse for 60 seconds. If the patient’s pulse rate is still under 50 BPM after counting it the second time, you should notify his or her nurse immediately, as it could indicate a serious condition. When taking a patient’s pulse rate, you should always place him or her in a sitting or supine position.
208
When measuring a patient’s blood pressure for the very first time, what process should you follow?
When measuring a patient’s blood pressure for the very first time, you should measure the blood pressure in both arms and use the second measurement as the patient’s baseline. Then for every subsequent reading, you should use the patient’s arm that had the highest initial measurement. If a patient has had a mastectomy, you need to be sure to take the patient’s blood pressure using the unaffected arm.
209
When applying a condom catheter, what do you need to do?
When applying a condom catheter, you need to leave a one-inch space between the catheter and the penis. You would never want to encircle the penis with tape, as it may cause a tourniquet effect; however, you would want to secure the catheter by applying tape in a spiral direction. You would also want to tape the catheter to the patient’s inner thigh, not his lower abdomen.
210
One of your patients is blind and it is your responsibility to assist with feeding her lunch. While feeding the patient you should do all of the following
When you are feeding a patient who is blind, you should not keep silent. You should socially interact with the patient during mealtime to increase patient satisfaction. You should also be sure to inform the patient as to what she will be eating, provide ample time between bites to conserve energy, and provide the patient with liquids to sip.
211
Which of the following actions do NOT decrease with age?
An elderly patient needs just as much sleep as any other adult; therefore, their need to sleep does not decrease with age. It is essential that an elderly patient has time to rest and to take naps, as it is essential for the patient’s health. An elderly patient’s appetite does decrease with age, along with their need to urinate or pass feces from their body.
212
When providing denture care for your patients, you should do all of the following
You should not carry the patient’s dentures in your gloved hand to the sink for cleaning.
In order to transport the patient’s dentures to the sink, you should place them in a denture cup before transporting them. You should always use cool or tepid water for cleaning, rinsing, and storing dentures. You should also line the sink with paper towels in order to reduce the risk of breaking the patient’s dentures if you should drop them.
213
abd
abdomen
214
ABR
absolute bedrest
215
ac a.c.
before meals
216
AMA
against medical advice
217
ax.
axillary (armpit)
218
BPM
beats per minute
219
BR
bedrest
220
BRP
bathroom privileges
221
BSC
bedside commode
222
c
with
223
CBR
complete bed rest
224
CHF
congestive heart failure
225
cl liq
clear liquid
226
c/o
complains of
227
CS
central supply
228
CXR
chest xray
229
DAT
diet as tolerated
230
DM
diabetes mellitus
231
Dx/dx
diagnosis
232
FF
force fluids
233
FWB
full weight bearing
234
geri-chair
geriatric chair
235
HBV
hepatitis B virus
236
HOB
head of the bed
237
HTN
hypertension
238
hyper
above normal, too fast, rapid
239
hypo
low, less than normal
240
I&O
intake nd output
241
LOC
loss of consciousness
242
LTC
long term care
243
MDS
minimum data set
The Minimum Data Set (MDS) is part of a federally mandated process for clinical assessment of all residents in Medicare or Medicaid certified nursing homes. This process entails a comprehensive, standardized assessment of each resident's functional capabilities and health needs
244
MI
myocardial infarction
Heart attack
245
mod
moderate
246
MRSA
methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
247
N/C
no complaints, no call
248
NG, ng
nasogastric
249
NKA
no known allergies
250
NV
nausea and vomiting
251
NWB
non-weight bearing
252
OBRA
omnibus budget reconciliation act
253
OOB
out of bed
254
OSHA
occupational safety and health administration
255
p
after
256
pc
after meals
257
PO
by mouth
258
prn
when necessary
259
PWB
partial weight bearing
260
q
every
261
R
respirations, rectal
262
R/O
rule out
263
RR
respiratory rate
264
s
without
265
SDS
safety data sheet
266
SOB
shortness of breath
267
SP
standard precautions
268
ss
one-half
269
S&S
signs and symptoms
270
TIA
transient ischemic attack
A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke. A TIA usually lasts only a few minutes and doesn't cause permanent damage. Often called a ministroke, a TIA may be a warning
271
TRP
temperature, pulse, respiration
272
U/A
urinalysis
273
VS
vital signs
274
w/c
wheelchair
