Final; Neurological Viruses Flashcards
How are selected toga viruses and flaviviruses transmitted
via a vector; arthropod transmission
What are the most common vectors
mosquitoes
ticks
What are the most common reservoirs
birds small mammals (rodents, etc.)
What does transmission require via a vector
replication within the vector
What is determined by the vector and reservoir habitat
geographic location of the disease/infection
What is the genome of the EEE and VEE viruses
+ssRNA
What is the virion of the EEE and VEE viruses
enveloped
How does the EEE and VEE viruses exit the cell
via budding
How are the EEE and VEE viruses transmitted
via the bite of an infected arthropod
Where in the body do the EEE and VEE viruses infect
it infects cells locally and/or carried by the Langerhans cells to the LN
it then replicates and releases into the bloodstream –> CNS
What is the incubation period of EEE
4 to 10 days
What are the symptoms and duration of the EEE systemic disease
chills, fever, malaise, arthralgia, myalgia
lasting 1-2 weeks; full recovery
What are the symptoms of EEE encephalitic disease
fever, headache, irritability, restlessness, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsons, and coma
How many cases of encephalitic EEE die
1/3 of the cases die from the disease 2-10 days after the onset
What happens to those who recover from encephalitic EEE
they have long term sequelae; seizures, personality disorders, paralysis
What are the prevention strategies for EEE and VEE
a single vaccine is available, but only provided for those at risk
there is no treatment
mosquito control and repellant
Where is EEE prevalent in the US
the more warm humid locations like the south and the eastern coastline
What is the incubation period for the west nile virus
2 to 14 days, most people (80%) are asymptomatic
What are the symptoms in those that get an infection of west nile virus
fever, headache, fatigue (in 20% of cases)
duration of 3-6 days
What disease from west nile is prevalent in <1% of all cases
neuroinvasive disease
What are the symptoms of neuroinvasive disease from west nile
aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, flaccid paralysis, altered mental state and tremors
50% of survivors have sequelae 1 year later
What are the prevention and control strategies of west nile
no vaccine
no treatment
mosquito control and repellant
Why is west nile more prevalent across the US than EEE or VEE
birds are the reservoir and are found more widespread across the US
What is the genome of the rabies virus
-ssRNA
