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med term > finals ch 1-6 > Flashcards

finals ch 1-6 Flashcards

1
Q

CA

A

carcinoma

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2
Q

MET

A

metastasis: beyond control

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3
Q

chemo

A

Chemotherapy: treatment of cancer by using pharmaceuticals

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4
Q

Dx

A

diagnosis

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5
Q

Px

A

prognosis

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6
Q

XRT

A

radiation therapy (treatment of cancer with a radioactive substance, xray, or radiation)

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7
Q

PA

A

posteroanterior

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8
Q

lat

A

lateral

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9
Q

med

A

medial

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10
Q

post

A

posterior

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11
Q

AP

A

anteroposterior

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12
Q

inf

A

inferior

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13
Q

sup

A

superior

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14
Q

ventral

A

pertaining to the belly

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15
Q

organ covering the body; made up of layers

A

skin

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16
Q

outer layer of skin

A

epidermis

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17
Q

inner layer of skin; also called true skin

A

dermis

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18
Q

compressed keratinized cells that arise from hair follicles

A

hair

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19
Q

horny plates made from flattened epithelial scales, found on the dorsal surface of the ends of fingers and toes

A

nails

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20
Q

tiny, coiled, tubular structures that secrete sweat, which emerges through pores on the skin’s surface

A

sweat glands

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21
Q

special oil glands located in the dermis that secret sebum (oil) into hair follicles

A

sebaceous glands

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22
Q

common reference to hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands

A

appendages of the skin

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23
Q

provide sensory information, such as heat, cold, pain, and vibration

A

nerve endings

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24
Q

6 functions of the integumentary system (PPPREP)

A
  • protects against harmful environmental elements
  • protects against fluid loss
  • produces vitamin D
  • regulates body temperature
  • excretes waste
  • provides sensory information
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25
Q

localized collection of pus accompanied by swelling and inflammation; can occur in tissues, organs, and contained spaces

A

abscess

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26
Q

malignant epithelial tumor arising from the bottom layer of the epidermis called the basal layer; seldom metastasizes, but invades local tissue and often recurs in the same location

A

basal cell carcinoma BCC

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27
Q

Bx

A

biopsy: removal of living tissue to be viewed under a microscope

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28
Q

inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection; characterized by redness, swelling, and fever

A

cellulitis

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29
Q

puffy swelling tissue from the accumulation of fluid

A

edema

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30
Q

redness

A

erythema

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31
Q

torn, ragged edges wound

A

laceration

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32
Q

any visible change in tissue resulting from injury or disease

A

lesion

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33
Q

circumscribed malformation of the skin, usually brown, black, or flesh colored (AKA mole)

A

nevus

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34
Q

malignant growth developing from scale like epithelial tissue of the surface layer of the epidermis; it invades local tissue and may metastasize. While most commonly appearing on the skin. Can occur in other parts of the body including mouth lips, and genitals

A

squamous cell carcinoma SqCCA

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35
Q

SqCCA

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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36
Q

bacterium that grows in a pattern resembling grape like clusters and can cause skin infections

A

staphylococcus (staph)

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37
Q

bacterium that grows in a pattern resembling twisted chains and can cause skin infections

A

streptococcus (strep)

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38
Q

BCC

A

basal cell carcinoma

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39
Q

decub

A

pressure ulcer

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40
Q

MRSA

A

methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

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41
Q

RBC

A

erythrocyte or red blood cell

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42
Q

WBC

A

leukocyte or white blood cell

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43
Q

air sacs at the smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree; oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged through its walls

A

alveoli

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44
Q

one of two branches from the trachea that conducts air into the lungs where it divides and subdivides. The branchings resemble a tree; therefore, they are referred to as a ____ tree

A

bronchus

__bronchial__

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45
Q

location of vocal cords; air enters from the pharynx (voice box)

A

larynx

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46
Q

2 sponge-like organs divided into lobes

A

lungs

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47
Q

lined with mucous membranes and fine hairs; acts as filter to moisten and warm air

A

nose

48
Q

serves as food and air passageway; air enters from the nasal cavities and/or mouth and passes through the _____ to the larynx. Food enters the ____ from the mouth and passes into the esophagus

A

pharynx (throat)

49
Q

passageway for air to the bronchi from the larynx

A

trachea (windpipe)

50
Q

The 4 functions of the respiratory system (MPPE)

A
  • Moves air in and out of lungs
  • provides for intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide
  • provides air flow for speech
  • enables sense of smell
51
Q

order of respiratory components (outer to inner, inhalation)

A
  • nose
  • pharynx
  • larynx
  • trachea
  • bronchi (bronchial tree)
  • alveoli
52
Q

COPD

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

53
Q

C&S

A

culture and sensitivity

54
Q

CT

A

computed tomography

55
Q

CXR

A

chest radiograph

56
Q

flu

A

influenza

57
Q

OSA

A

obstructive sleep apnea

58
Q

RCP

A

respiratory care practitioner

59
Q

RT

A

respiratory therapist

60
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

61
Q

TB

A

tuberculosis

62
Q

URI

A

upper respiratory infection

63
Q

2 bean-shaped organs in the lumbar region that filter the blood to remove waste products and form urine

A

kidneys

64
Q

funnel-shaped reservoir in each kidney that collects urine and passes it to the ureter

A

renal pelvis

65
Q

2 slender tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the bladder

A

ureters

66
Q

narrow tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

A

urethra

67
Q

muscular, hollow organ that temporarily holds urine

A

urinary bladder

68
Q

opening through which urine passes to the outside of the body

A

urinary meatus

69
Q

organs and ducts responsible for the elimination of urine

A

urinary tract

70
Q

pale yellow liquid waste product made up of 95% water

A

urine

71
Q

The 4 functions of the urinary system (RRMA)

A
  • removes waste material from the body
  • regulates fluid volume
  • maintains electrolyte concentration in body fluid
  • assists in blood pressure regulation
72
Q

progressive, irreversible loss of kidney function

A

chronic kidney disease CKD

73
Q

dialysis

A

procedure for removing toxic waste from blood because of an inability of the kidneys to do so

74
Q

works under the supervision of nephrology nurses and provides direct care for patients undergoing dialysis treatments

A

dialysis patient care technician PCT

75
Q

noninvasive surgical procedure to crush stones in the kidney or ureter by administration of repeated shock waves. Stone fragments are eliminated from the body in the urine

A

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ESWL

76
Q

inability to control the bladder or bowels

A

incontinence

77
Q

stones in the kidney

A

renal calculi or nephrolithiasis

78
Q

loss of kidney function resulting in its inability to remove waste products from the body and maintain fluid balance

A

renal failure

79
Q

surgical implantation of a donor kidney into a patient with inadequate renal function

A

renal transplant

80
Q

laboratory test in which multiple routine tests are performed on a urine specimen

A

urinalysis UA

81
Q

procedure that involves the passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder to withdraw urine

A

urinary catheterization

82
Q

UTI

A

urinary tract infection

83
Q

void

A

to pass urine

84
Q

CKD

A

chronic kidney disease

85
Q

ESWL

A

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

86
Q

PCT

A

patient care technician

87
Q

PKD

A

polycystic kidney disease

88
Q

UA

A

urinalysis

89
Q

milk-producing glands (mammary glands)

A

breasts

90
Q

narrow lower portion of the uterus

A

cervix

91
Q

inner lining of the uterus

A

endometrium

92
Q

almond-shaped organs located in the pelvic cavity; store eggs; produce estrogen and progesterone

A

ovaries

93
Q

female reproductive (egg) cell produced by ovaries

A

ovum

94
Q

tubes attached to the uterus that provide a passageway for the ovum to move from the ovary to the uterus

A

uterine or Fallopian tubes

95
Q

pear-sized and shaped muscular organ that lies in the pelvic cavity, except during pregnancy when it enlarges and extends up into the abdominal cavity; its functions are menstruation, pregnancy, and labor

A

uterus

96
Q

passageway between the uterus and the outside of the body

A

vagina

97
Q

coiled tube atop each of the testes that provides for storage, transit, and maturation of sperm

A

epididymis

98
Q

male organ of urination and coitus

A

penis

99
Q

encircles the upper end of the urethra; secretes fluid that aids in the movement of sperm and ejaculation

A

prostate gland

100
Q

sac containing the testes and epididymis, suspended on both sides of and just behind the penis

A

scrotum

101
Q

main glands located at the base of the urinary bladder that open into the vas deferens; secrete thick fluid that forms part of semen

A

seminal vesicles

102
Q

primary male sex organ; oval shaped and enclosed within the scrotum; produce sperm and testosterone

A

testis

103
Q

narrow tube that carries semen from the vas deferens to the outside of the body; also connects to the urinary bladder in the male

A

urethra

104
Q

duct carrying sperm from epididymis to the urethra

A

vas deferens

105
Q

the 3 functions of the reproductive systems (PSP)

A
  • produce egg and sperm cells
  • secrete hormones
  • provide for conception and pregnancy
106
Q

BPH

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia

107
Q

DRE

A

digital rectal examination

108
Q

D&C

A

dilation and curettage

109
Q

ED

A

erectile dysfunction

110
Q

HPV

A

human papillomavirus

111
Q

PID

A

pelvic inflammatory disease

112
Q

PSA

A

prostate-specific antigen

113
Q

STD

A

sexually transmitted disease

114
Q

STI

A

sexually transmitted infection

115
Q

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostate gland

med term (2 decks)

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