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Commercial Pilot Ground Course (or Private Pilot Ground Course) > Flight Planning and Performance > Flashcards

Flight Planning and Performance Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

Imaginary point where aircraft’s weight is concentrated

A

Center of gravity (CG)

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2
Q

Imaginary vertical plane from all horizontal distances are measured

A

Reference datum

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3
Q

Includes the weight of the standard airplane, optional equipment, unusable fuel, including all operational fluids including full engine oil

A

Basic empty weight

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4
Q

This is the small amount of fee in the tanks that cannot be used inflight and feel drained on the ground

A

Unusable fuel

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5
Q

Weight of an aircraft before takeoff

A

Ramp weight

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6
Q

Ramp weight less the fuel burned during engine start, run up and taxi

A

Takeoff weight

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7
Q

Takeoff weight less the fuel burned en-route

A

Landing weight

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8
Q

Weight of usable fuel, flight crew, passengers and baggage

A

Useful Load

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9
Q

Weight of passengers, baggage and cargo

A

Payload

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10
Q

Maximum weight allowed for ground operation

A

Maximum ramp weight

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11
Q

Maximum weight before takeoff

A

Maximum takeoff weight

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12
Q

Maximum weight before landing

A

Maximum landing weight

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13
Q

Fuel available in flight

A

Usable fuel

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14
Q

Distance from reference datum

A

Arm

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15
Q

Measurement of the tendency of the weight to cause rotation of fulcrum. Length multiplied by weight

A

Moment

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16
Q

This is a major factor in airplane construction and operation.

A

Weight

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17
Q

It is the force generated by the gravitational pull of the earth on the total load of the aircraft. This directly affects the performance of our aircraft

A

Weight

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18
Q

State the disadvantages of an overweight aircraft

A
  • Longer takeoff and landing roll
  • Higher Takeoff Speed
  • Poor Climb Performance
  • Lower Cruising level
  • Reduced cruising speed
  • Less Maneuverability
  • Reduced Range and Endurance
  • Higher Stalling Speed
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19
Q

One gallon of AVGAS is how much in pounds?

A

6 lbs

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20
Q

One gallon of oil is how much in pounds?

A

7.5 lbs

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21
Q

1.5 gallons or 6 quarts of oil is how much in pounds?

A

11.25 lbs

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22
Q

A point at which the entire weight of the aircraft is assumed to be concentrated, and where the counterclockwise turning moments are balanced by the clockwise turning moments

A

Center of Gravity (CG)

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23
Q

A point at which an airplane would balance if suspended

A

Center of Gravity (CG)

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24
Q

State the effect of CG Position on Aircraft Performance when it is too forward (nose heavy)

A
  • Lack of elevator authority (specially during flare)
  • Higher angle of attack
  • Drag will increase
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25
State the effect of CG position on aircraft performance when it is too far aft (tail heavy)
- Unstable airplane - Very difficult to recover from a stall
26
This is the distance from the datum. Measurements aft of the datum are positive figures and forward of the datum are in negative measurements
ARM
27
What is the computation for moment? Note that moment is expressed in pound-inch
WEIGHT (lbs) x ARM (in) = MOMENT
28
How do you find the CG?
CG= Total Moment / Total Weight
29
What are the three methods of computation on Cessna 152 for weight and balance?
- Computation Method - Graphical Method - Tabular Method
30
State the Weight and Balance on Cessna 152 for baggage compartment 1
120 lbs
31
State the Weight and Balance on Cessna 152 for baggage compartment 2
40 lbs
32
State the Weight and Balance on Cessna 152 for MTOW (Normal Category)
1,670 lbs
33
State the Weight and Balance on Cessna 152 for standard tanks
26 gal
34
State the Weight and Balance on Cessna 152 for Usable standard tanks
24.5 gal
35
State the Weight and Balance on Cessna 152 for long range tanks
39 gal
36
State the Weight and Balance on Cessna 152 for usable long range tanks
37.5 gal
37
This is a term used to describe the ability of an aircraft to accomplish certain things that make it useful for certain purposes
Aircraft Performance
38
Performance varies due to several factors such as?
- Temperature - Air density - Weight - Humidity, among others
39
All aircraft instruments are calibrated for?
the standard atmosphere
40
What is the standard temperature?
15° celsius
41
What is the standard pressure?
29.92''Hg or 1013.2 mb
42
What is the standard temperature lapse rate?
1.98°C / 1000 feet up until 36,000 feet
43
What is the standard pressure lapse rate?
1 ''Hg / 1000 feet of altitude gain
44
Any temperature or pressure that differs from the standard lapse rates is considered____?
Nonstandard temperature and pressure
45
Where are the adjustments for non-standard temperatures and pressures provided on?
Manufacturer's performance charts
46
This is the height above the standard datum plane (SDP)
Pressure Altitude
47
What are three methods that can determine the pressure altitude?
- By setting the barometric scale of the altimeter to 29.92”Hg and reading the indicated altitude - By applying a correction factor to the indicated altitude according to the reported “altimeter setting” - By using a flight computer
48
This is the vertical distance above sea level in the standard atmosphere at which a given density is to be found. This is pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature
Density Altitude
49
As the density of the air increases, aircraft performance _____
Aircraft performance increases
50
As the density of the air decreases, aircraft performance ________
Decreases
51
This is used in calculating aircraft performance.
Density Altitude
52
What is directly proportional to pressure?
Density
53
This statement is true only at a constant temperature
“As pressure increases, density also increases”
54
This statement is true only at a constant pressure
"as temperature increases, density decreases"
55
As temperature increases, density______
Decreases
56
This refers to the amount of water vapor contained in the atmosphere and is expressed as a percentage of the maximum amount of water vapor the air can hold
Humidity
57
True or False. Warm air can hold more water vapor, while colder air can hold less
True
58
As humidity increases, density_______
Decreases
59
The calibrated payer-off stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the aircraft is controllable in the landing configuration - dirty
VS0
60
The calibrated power-off stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the aircraft is controllable in a specified configuration - clean
VS1
61
The speed at which the aircraft obtains the maximum increase in altitude per unit of time.
VY
62
The speed at which the aircraft obtains the highest altitude in a given horizontal distance.
VX
63
The highest speed permissible with the wing flaps in a prescribed extended position. This is because of the air loads imposed on the structure of the flaps.
VFE
64
The calibrated design maneuvering airspeed. This is the maximum speed at which the limit load can be imposed without causing structural damage
VA
65
The maximum speed for normal operation or the maximum structural cruising speed. This is the speed at which exceeding the limit load factor may cause permanent deformation of the aircraft structure
VN0
66
The speed that should never be exceeded. If flight is attempted above this speed, structural damage or structural failure may result
VNE

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