Fluids and Electrolytes II

Question 1

What do Kidneys do in acid base balance?

Answer 1

They regulate HCO3 level in the ECF

Question 2

What do Lungs do during acid base balance?

Answer 2

Control C02 and carbonic content

Question 3

What happens during metabolic acidosis?

Answer 3

1 Bicarbonate base deficit
2 Low pH (Increased H ion)
3 Low plasma HCO3
4 DKA
5 Shock

Question 4

What happens during normal anion gap of acidosis?

Answer 4

Direct loss of HCO3

Question 5

What happens during high anion gap of acidosis?

Answer 5

1 Lactic acidosis
2 Salicylate poisoning
3 Starvation
4 Uremia

Question 6

What are the clinical signs of respiratory acidosis?

Answer 6

1 Drowsiness and disorientation
2 Low BP
3 Seizures
4 Hypoventilation w/ hypoxia

Question 7

What are some nursing assessments for respi acidosis?

Answer 7

1 Acute pulmonary edema
2 Aspiration of foreign object
3 Overdose of sedatives
4 Sleep apnea (obesity)

Question 8

What is the relationship of the ABG’s in respiratory?

Answer 8

Opposite direction

Question 9

What is the relationship of ABG’s during metabolic?

Answer 9

Equal direction

Question 10

What id the normal pH?

Answer 10

7.35-7.45

Question 11

What is the normal level of PCO2

Answer 11

35-45 mmHg

Question 12

What is the normal level of PO2?

Answer 12

80-100 mmHg

Question 13

What is the normal level of bicarbonate?

Answer 13

22-26 mmHg

Question 14

What is the normal O2 stat?

Answer 14

96-100%

Question 15

What are some nursing managements of acid base imbalances?

Answer 15

1 Safety precautions
2 Seizure monitoring
3 Vita signs monitoring
4 Patient education
5 Psychosocial and emotional support

Question 16

Complications of center catheter devices

Answer 16

1 Clotting/Clogging
2 Air Embolism
3 Sepsis

Question 17

What are the functions of the urinary system?

Answer 17

1 Remove wastes and toxic substances
2 Regulator of blood volume and blood pressure
3 Regulation of solutes and ions
4 Regulator of body fluid Ph
5 Regulator of the Red blood cell synthesis

Question 18

What are some of the metabolic wastes?

Answer 18

1 Creatinine
2 Urea
3 Ammonia (NH3)
4 Bilirubin
5 Uric acid

Question 19

Breaks down creatinie phosphate in muscle fibers?

Answer 19

Creatinine

Question 20

Breaks down proteins

Answer 20

Urea

Question 21

By product of proteins/amino acids

Answer 21

Ammonia (NH3)

Question 22

Breaks down hemoglobin

Answer 22

Bilirubin

Question 23

Breaks down nucleic acid

Answer 23

Uric acid

Question 24

This is the bean-shaped organ?

Answer 24

Kidneys

Question 25

Composed of adipose fat tissues?

Answer 25

Kidneys

Question 26

Where is the kidney located?

Answer 26

12th rib and 1st 3 lumbar spine

Question 27

Surround and protects the kidneys?

Answer 27

Renal capsule

Question 28

This is where the vessels or nerves enter and exit?

Answer 28

Hilum

Question 29

Fat filled cavity which contains the blood vessels

Answer 29

Renal sinus

Question 30

Wide section of the urinary channel

Answer 30

Renal pelvis

Question 31

Called "cup of flower"

Answer 31

Calyx (Renal column)

Question 32

Structure that surrounds the pyramid

Answer 32

Calyx (Renal column)

Question 33

These are "cone-shpaed" structures?

Answer 33

Renal pyramids

Question 34

These are the tip of the pyramids?

Answer 34

Renal papilla

Question 35

Amound of plasma that passes through the kidney?

Answer 35

150-180 L

Question 36

What are the components of the nephron?

Answer 36

``` 1 Renal corpuscle 2 Proximal Tubule 3 Loop of Henle 4 Distal tubule 5 Collecting Ducts ```

Question 37

Made up of glomerulus and bowman's capsule

Answer 37

Renal corpuscle

Question 38

Where water gets reabsorbed back to the blood vessels

Answer 38

Proximal Tubule

Question 39

There parts have two sections which are the ascending and descending

Answer 39

Loop of Henle

Question 40

Connected to afferent arteriole

Answer 40

Distal tubule

Question 41

ADH is secreted from the brain to the distal tubule

Answer 41

Colecting ducts