FOI Task B The Learning Process

Question 1

Learning Theory

Answer 1

A body of principles used to explain how people acquire skills, knowledge, and attitudes.

Question 2

BICC

Answer 2

Behaviorism
Information Processing Theory
Cognitive Theory
Constructivism

Question 3

Behaviorism

Answer 3

Stresses the importance of having particular behavior reinforced, to shape or control what is learned

Question 4

Cognitive Theory

Answer 4

Focuses on what is going on inside the students mind

Question 5

Constructivism

Answer 5

Learning is the result of the student matching new information against preexisting
information and integrating it into meaningful connections

Question 6

Definition of Perceptions & Insight

Answer 6

Initially all learning comes from perceptions which come from the senses; the learner then gives
meaning to the senses

Question 7

GSTEP

Answer 7

Goals & Value
Self Concept
Time & Opportunity 
Element of Threat
Physical Organism

Question 8

Goals & Values

Answer 8

Understand the students values and tailor teaching to those values

Question 9

Self Concept

Answer 9

• Self-image has a great influence on perception
  • A positive self-image allows the student to remain open to new experiences
  • A negative self-image has a negative effect on learning

Question 10

Time & Opportunity

Answer 10

Proper sequence and time are necessary for learning

Question 11

Element of Threat

Answer 11

Threat does not promote effective learning

• Attention is limited to threatening object/idea

Question 12

Physical Organism

Answer 12

Provides the body for sensing the world around them

Question 13

Acquiring Knowledge (MUC)

Answer 13

Memorization
Understanding
Concept Learning

Question 14

Memorization

Answer 14

First attempt to acquire knowledge

Question 15

Understanding

Answer 15

The student begins to organize knowledge in useful ways and a collection of memorized facts gives
way to understanding

Question 16

Concept Learning

Answer 16

By grouping information into concepts, we create manageable categories

Question 17

Definition of The Laws of Learning

Answer 17

Laws of learning provide additional insight into what makes people learn most effectively

Question 18

REEPIR

Answer 18

Readiness
Exercise
Effect
Primacy
Intensity
Recency

Question 19

Readiness

Answer 19

The basic needs of the student need to be met to be capable of learning

Question 20

Exercise

Answer 20

Connections are strengthened with practice and weakened without it
(“Use it or Lose it”)

Question 21

Effect

Answer 21

Behaviors the lead to satisfying outcomes are likely to be repeated, whereas behaviors that lead to
undesired outcomes are less likely to recur

Question 22

Primacy

Answer 22

What is learned first, often creates a strong, almost unshakable impression

Question 23

Intensity

Answer 23

A vivid, dramatic, or exciting learning experience teaches more than a routine or boring experience

Question 24

Recency

Answer 24

Things most recently learned are best remembered

Question 25

Characteristics of Learning (PEAM)

Answer 25

Purposeful Experience Active Process Multi-Faceted

Question 26

Purposeful

Answer 26

In the process of learning, the students goals are the most important factor

Question 27

Experience

Answer 27

Learning is an individual process and the student can learn only from personal experiences - Learn by doing

Question 28

Active Process

Answer 28

Constantly Engage the student - The instructor cannot assume that students remember something just because they were there when the material was presented

Question 29

Multi-Faceted

Answer 29

Students learn much more than expected if they fully exercise their minds and feelings

Question 30

Acquiring Skill Knowledge

Answer 30

knowledge reflected in motor or manual skills and in cognitive or mental skills, that manifests itself in the doing of something (for example, riding a bike)

Question 31

Stages of Acquiring Skill Knowledge (CAA)

Answer 31

Cognitive Stage - Memorizing the steps to a skill Associative Stage - Practice begins to store the skill Automatic Response - Through practice, the skill becomes automatic

Question 32

Domains of Learning (CAP)

Answer 32

Cognitive Domain Affective Domain Psychomotor Domain

Question 33

Cognitive Domain (RUAC)

Answer 33

Rote Understanding Application Correlation

Question 34

Affective Domain (ARVOI)

Answer 34

``` Awareness Response Value Organizing Integration ```

Question 35

Psychomotor Domain (OIPH)

Answer 35

Observation Imitation Practice Habit

Question 36

Scenario Based Training (HIC)

Answer 36

Has clear objectives Is tailored to the student Capitalizes on local environment

Question 37

Reducing Errors (DRCULT)

Answer 37

``` Develop Routine Raising Awareness Checking for errors Use reminders Learning & Practice Taking your time ```

Question 38

Errors

Answer 38

Slip - A person plans to do one thing but inadvertently does something else Mistake - A person plans to do the wrong thing and succeeds

Question 39

Memory (SSL)

Answer 39

Short Term Sensory Long Term

Question 40

Short Term Memory

Answer 40

Information is stored for roughly 30 seconds

Question 41

Sensory Memory

Answer 41

Receives stimuli from the environment and quickly processes it according to a preconceived concept of what is important

Question 42

Long Term Memory

Answer 42

Relatively permanent storage of unlimited information

Question 43

Forgetting (FIRS)

Answer 43

Fading Interference Retrieval failure Suppression or Repression

Question 44

Fading

Answer 44

Suggests that information that is not used for a period of time is forgotten

Question 45

Interference

Answer 45

We forget things because an experience has overshadowed it, or the learning of similar things has intervened

Question 46

Retrieval failure

Answer 46

Inability to retrieve the information

Question 47

Suppression or Repression

Answer 47

A memory is pushed out because the individual does not want to remember the feelings associated with it

Question 48

Retention of Learning

Answer 48

The instructor needs to make certain that the students learning is readily available for recall

Question 49

Retention of Learning (MRLAMP)

Answer 49

``` Meaningful Repetition Aids Recall Recall is Promoted by Association Learning with all our Senses is most Effective Attitudes will Aid Retention Mnemonics Praise stimulates recall ```

Question 50

Transfer of Learning

Answer 50

Positive Transfer - Learning skill A helps to learn skill B (slow flight and short field landings) Negative Transfer - Learning skill A hinders learning of skill B (landing an airplane vs a helicopter)