Formative MCQ answers

Question 1

Which macronutrient causes the greatest amount of diet-induced thermogenesis?

Answer 1

Protein

Question 2

What hormonal changes occur in response to a fall in blood glucose concentration?

Answer 2

Decreased insulin

Increased glucagon

Question 3

Non-milk extrinsic sugars are those which are…

Answer 3

Sweeteners like sucrose and honey

Question 4

What cycle removes ammonia from the body?

Answer 4

The urea cycle

Question 5

What is the reverse process of gluconeogenesis?

Answer 5

Glycolysis

Question 6

What conditions are required for measuring BMR?

Answer 6

Subject at complete mental rest
Thermoneutrality
Subject awake

Question 7

Indirect calorimetry measures what to access energy expenditure?

Answer 7

O2 consumption

Question 8

What percentage of the total energy intake is used up by thermogenesis?

Answer 8

0-10%

Question 9

In what form do carbs enter the bloodstream?

Answer 9

Monosaccharides

Question 10

Direct calorimetry measures total energy expenditure (TEE) by assessing what?

Answer 10

Heat production

Question 11

In what part of the cell does glycolysis occur?

Answer 11

Cytoplasmic matrix

Question 12

What is the most common digestible homopolysaccharide that exists as both amylose and amylopectin?

Answer 12

Starch

Question 13

What does a DEXA scan measure?

Answer 13

Bone density

Question 14

What enzyme digests protein?

Answer 14

Pepsin

Question 15

The amount of what strongly correlates with BMR?

Answer 15

Fat-free mass

Question 16

What enzyme digests starch?

Answer 16

Amylase

Question 17

Where do you find amylase?

Answer 17

In saliva

Question 18

When measuring BMR, the subject must be…

Answer 18

Emotionally calm and relaxed
Have fasted for 12-24 hours
Lying completely still at physical rest

Question 19

Glycolysis is a process that involves…

Answer 19

Reactions that break glucose down into pyruvate

Question 20

Which principle are hydrostatic weighing and air-displacement plethysmography based on when determining body composition?

Answer 20

Lean body tissue is denser than adipose tissue

Question 21

What is a positive of doubly-labelled water when assessing TEE?

Answer 21

Allows the individual to live freely during testing

Question 22

Which glucose transporter is sensitive to glucose?

Answer 22

GLUT 4