Formative qs

Question 1

Coenurus cerebralis typically found in the brain of sheep and cattle is the intermediate stage of what parasite?

Answer 1

taenia multiceps

Question 2

Regurgitation is typically a sign of disease affecting which organ?

Answer 2

oesophagus

Question 3

Primary contractions of the rumen-reticulum are stimulated by impulses transmitted via which nerve?

Answer 3

vagus

Question 4

Deficiency of which vitamin can cause neurological signs such as blindless, isolation, wandering and periodic backwards flexion of the neck in sheep.

Answer 4

Vitamin B1 (thiamine)

Question 5

which vitamin has a metabolic role with calcum and phosphorus

Answer 5

Vit c

Question 6

This vitamin is interrelated with selenium

Answer 6

vit E

Question 7

This vitamin is manufactured by the rumen microbes, from cobalt.

Answer 7

Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin)

Question 8

which mineral is an Important constituent of antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidise.

Answer 8

Selenium

Question 9

Which mineral Can impact copper balance significantly in ruminants.

Answer 9

molybdenum

Question 10

What is a product of glucose metabolism only under anaerobic conditions.

Answer 10

Lactate

Question 11

what Can be tested in the blood of cattle to indicate the presence of ketosis

Answer 11

beta-hydroxy butyrate

Question 12

Which cell type migrates in response to bacteria in the periodontal pocket, and is found in high numbers in the crevicular fluid during periodontal disease?

Answer 12

neutrophils

Question 13

What is the infective stage of Eimeria parasites?

Answer 13

Sporocyst

Question 14

What do humans inadvertently ingest which results in a hydatid (Echinococcus) cyst infection?

Answer 14

Food or water contaminated with Echinococcus eggs.

Question 16

Where does microbial digestion take place in the gastro-intestinal tract of the horse?

Answer 16

In the caecum and colon

Question 17

What is the mechanism of citrate when added to an oral rehydration fluid containing glucose?

Answer 17

Drives the sodium/glucose symporter in the mucosal cells

Question 18

The Tuberculin Skin Test detects which type of hypersensitivity reaction in cattle?

Answer 18

type 4

Question 19

What is the lifecycle of Trichonstrongylus species in sheep?

Answer 19

A direct lifecycle and a pre-patent period of 16-21 days

Question 20

What is the most appropriate diagnostic technique for the detection of Cryptosporidium parvum in snake faeces?

Answer 20

Faecal smear and staining with acid-fast stain

Question 21

What is the most appropriate timing and volume of colostrum feeding in newborn calves (bodyweight 40kg)?

Answer 21

Feeding 4L of colostrum within the first 6 hours of life

Question 22

.
How does ruminant saliva differ from saliva produced by other species?

Answer 22

It has higher pH and higher concentrations of phosphate

Question 23

What stomach cell type Releases histamine for paracrine activity

Answer 23

Enterochromaffin like cells (ECL)

Question 24

Hydrogen and chloride ions are transported independently from this cell into the stomach lumen

Answer 24

Parietal cells

Question 25

Which stomach cell Releases somatostatin

Answer 25

D (delta) cells

Question 26

Which stomach cell Secretes a viscous HCO3- mucus to balance the acidic environment

Answer 26

Surface epithelial cells

Question 27

What nematode is known as the Barber's pole worm?

Answer 27

haemonchus contortus

Question 28

Which parasite lays eggs on the legs of a horse, is ingested via grooming and the migrated L3 attach to the mucosa along the margo plicatus?

Answer 28

Gasterophilus

Question 29

A farmer has asked you to visit as her group of 7 week old, recently weaned lambs are in very poor condition and 4 have died suddenly. It is June, and the remaining lambs have watery diarrhoea and are losing weight quickly. What parasite is most likely to be affecting these lambs?

Answer 29

Nematodirus Battus

Question 30

What is coated on the IgA molecule to protect it from secretary lumen enzymes?

Answer 30

Secretary Component

Question 31

In the cow, where are the majority of ketone bodies produced

Answer 31

Liver

Question 32

Acute inflammation is initiated by

Answer 32

Macrophages

Question 33

What inflammatory chemicals dilate blood vessals

Answer 33

Cytokines

Question 34

Phase 1,2 and 3 of inflammation is the build up of

Answer 34

1 - plasma fluid 2 - neutrophils 3 - monocytes

Question 35

At tupping, what is the most appropriate body condition score for a ewe?

Answer 35

2.5

Question 36

The process of cycling lactate and glucose between peripheral tissues and liver under anaerobic conditions is know as

Answer 36

the cori cycle

Question 37

The middle and caudal arteries of the rectum are supplied by which artery?

Answer 37

Internal pudendal

Question 38

Where are anal sacs positioned in the dog and cat in relation to the anus?

Answer 38

2 o'clock and 10 o'clock position

Question 39

Label the section of the liver

Answer 39