Foundations of Evidence Based Nursing

Question 0

The conscious and judicious use of the current “best” evidence in the care of patients and the delivery of health care services

Answer 0

Evidence Based Practive

Question 1

A model of understanding consistently free of contradiction that guides our expectations and helps us sort, organize, and classify information

Answer 1

Paradigm

Question 2

What does Evidence Based Practice consist of?

Answer 2

Research, Patient Preferences, Resources, and Clinical Experience

Question 3

What is the “Semmelweis” effect?

Answer 3

Hand hygiene change that cut down on infections and deaths

Question 4

What are the five steps of evidence based practice?

Answer 4

PICOT Question; collect the most relevant/best evidence, critically appraise evidence; integrate all evidence with one’s clinical expertise, patient preferences, and values in making a practice decision or change; evaluate the practice decision or change

Question 5

A broad, basic-knowledge question commonly answered in text books, beginning with “what” or “when”

Answer 5

Background Questions

Question 6

A specific question that, when answered, provides evidence for clinical decision making

Answer 6

Foreground question

Question 7

What does PICOT stand for?

Answer 7

Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time

Question 8

What is the difference between research and evidence based practice?

Answer 8

EBP is clinical answers

Question 9

What are the barriers to evidence based practice?

Answer 9

Inadequate knowledge of EBP, inadequate resources, lack of support from higher administrators

Question 10

What are the “Never Events” due to current evidence based practice?

Answer 10

Never get a vascular-catheter associated infection, never get a catheter associated UTI, administration of incompatible blood, and hospital acquired stages 3-4 pressure ulcers

Question 11

Risk factors that affect the results of a study

Answer 11

Confounding Factors

Question 12

How are confounding factors accounted for?

Answer 12

Statistical techniques

Question 13

What are typical confounding factors?

Answer 13

Age, gender, smoking, income

Question 14

The probability that the results of a study just happened by chance alone

Answer 14

P Value

Question 15

An independent, non-profit health research organization whose mission is to fund research that offers patients and caregivers the information they need to make important healthcare decisions

Answer 15

The Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute

Question 16

An objective, structured approach to carefully judging a quantitative study’s worth for the purpose of informing clinical decision

Answer 16

Critical Appraisal

Question 17

How is critical appraisal of qualitative research conducted?

Answer 17

Look at the type of study and statement of phenomenon of interest to determine if it is acceptable

Question 18

Process used when setting aside personal bases to prevent leading the participant to issues deemed important to the researcher

Answer 18

Bracketing

Question 19

What is the determining factor for a researcher to conduct a qualitative study?

Answer 19

The nature of the research question

Question 20

Combining different methods, theories data sources, or investigators?

Answer 20

Triangulation

Question 21

Obtaining required number of subjects in such a manner that each has an equal chance in being selected

Answer 21

Randomization

Question 22

Measure used to keep conditions of quantitative study uniform

Answer 22

Control

Question 23

What is the best source of evidence?

Answer 23

Systematic reviews

Question 24

What happened in the Tuskegee Study?

Answer 24

The US Public Health Service knowingly withheld treatment for Syphilis to the detriment of many participants