French revolution Ch. 9

Question 0

Why did the French Revolution happen?

Answer 0

• powered were not balanced
• large population divided into three estates
• deficit spending
  - money was spent on wars
  - borrowed more money than they had
  - lavish spending by nobles
  - poor harvest

Question 1

What event marked the beginning of the French Revolution?

Answer 1

The storming of the Bastille

Question 2

Who are the Jacobins?

Answer 2

Wanted the right to vote to extend to all citizens not just property owners and believed the king had to die for true republic to take place they were willing to kill the king

Question 3

Who write the San-culottes?

Answer 3

Working class men and women who pushed the revolution and demanded a republic they wanted king dead but didn’t want to do it themselves

Question 4

Who were the Emigres?

Answer 4

Nobles and other ex who fled France to restore Louis to the throne

Question 5

The “great fear”??

Answer 5

A wave of senseless panic when the gov. Started taking crops and people being imprisoned. Jean Paul wrote in newspapers and a revolt broke out all over France

Question 6

Who was Louis the XVI???

Answer 6

• born into royalty
• married at 15
• very shy and loved boats
• had no children for seven years
• cared little about ruling

Question 7

Who was Marie Antoinette??

Answer 7

• arch duchess of Austria
• married at 18
• loved life and luxury
• cared about fashion
• she put the country in debt

Question 8

What were the three estates??

Answer 8

Clergy
Nobility
Commoners

Question 9

The clergy??

Answer 9

• religious life
• 130,000 people
• .5% of population
• owned 10% of land
• didn’t have to pay (taille) taxes

Question 10

The nobility

Answer 10

• royalty, Lords, ladies
• 350,000 people
• 1.5% of population
• owned 25% of land
• held many leading role is gov, military, and law
• did not have to pay taxes

Question 11

The commoners????

Answer 11

• everybody else
• 26.5 million people
• 98% of population
• owned 40% of land
• payed taxes and divided into three groups

Question 12

Bourgeoise

Answer 12

• top of the third estate
• middle class
• bankers, merchants, lawyers, doctors

Question 13

Cahiers???

Answer 13

Grievances or concerns about the government that include demands for fair taxes, freedom of press, and regular meeting of the estates general

Question 14

Tennis court oath

Answer 14

The 3rd estate tries to meet the doors were locked so they moved the meeting to an indoor tennis court and called it the “tennis court oath” which was a vow to meet until the new constitution was made

Question 15

The estates general

Answer 15

Estates feed into three “party” constitutional government leaving one vote for each estate

• 1st and 2nd always voted together leaving the 3rd left out and stuck with taxes
• powers were unbalanced
• estates general had not been called upon in 175 years and he asked them to prepare cahiers
• the cahiers did not work so the 3rd estate created the National Assembly

Question 16

National Assembly

Answer 16

• made the tennis court oath
• reformed clergy and nobles joined 3rd estate
• rumors started royal troops were going to take over the city
• a group of more than 800 peasants and commoners gathered in front of the Bastille demanding gun powder

Question 17

Legislative assembly

Answer 17

Created by the 3rd estate

• legislative branch where representatives had power to make laws and approve/reject declarations of war
• they had problems like food shortages and debt

Question 18

National convention

Answer 18

Created by the jacobins

• it replaced the legislative assembly and they wanted all men to have the right to vote, to declare France gov. w/o a king
• Robespierre and Marat were the leaders of the national convention

Question 19

Committee of public safety

Answer 19

A -2 member committee in national convention they required all citizens to help with war
- Robespierre was the leader

Question 20

Directory

Answer 20

• created by the national convention
• had two parts
  
  • a five men directory: doing the job of a president
  • two house legislature: elected by citizens of property