French Revolution/Napoleon

Question 1

Old Regime

Answer 1

The political and social system of France before the French Revolution, 1770s.

Question 2

Three Estates

Answer 2

The three social classes in France before the French Revolution.
First the estate: the clergy
Second estate: the nobility
Third estate: the rest of population

Question 3

Estates General

Answer 3

An assembly of representatives from all three the estates

Question 4

Louis XVI

Answer 4

King of France during the time when France’s government was deeply in debt. Paid little attention to government advisors and had little patience for governing as a whole.

Question 5

Marie Antoinette

Answer 5

Unpopular Queen of France who spent money on gowns, jewels, gambling, and gifts. aka “Madame Deficit” Arranged marriage to form an alliance with Austria and France.

Question 6

National Assembly

Answer 6

A French Congress established by representatives of the third estate to enact laws and reforms in the name of the French people

Question 7

Tennis Court Oath

Answer 7

A pledge made by the members of France’s national assembly in 1789, in which they vowed to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution

Question 8

Great Fear

Answer 8

A wave of senseless panic that spread through the French countryside after the storming of the Bastille in 1789

Question 9

Legislative Assembly

Answer 9

A French Congress with the power to create laws and improve declarations of war, Established by the Constitution of 1791

Question 10

Emigré [EHM•ih•GRAY]

Answer 10

A person who leaves their native country for political reasons, like the nobles and the others who fled France during the peasant uprising of the French Revolution

Question 11

San-Culottes

Answer 11

a radical group made up the Parisian wagearners and small shopkeepers who wanted a greater voice in the government, lower prices, and an end to food shortages

Question 12

Jacobins

Answer 12

radical political organization (club). The most radical and ruthless of the political groups and in association with Robespierre. (Left side)

Question 13

Maximilien Robespierre

Answer 13

a Jacobin Leader. Tried to erase every trace of France’s past: changed the calendar (no Sundays because they thought that religion was old-fashioned and dangerous), closed all the churches.
Became leader of the Committee of Public Safety and governed France as a dictator.

Question 14

Reign of Terror

Answer 14

The period when Maximilian Robespierre ruled France nearly as a dictator and thousands of political figures and ordinary citizens were executed

Question 15

Guillotine

Answer 15

And a machine for beheading people, used as a means of execution during the French Revolution

Question 16

Edmund Burke

Answer 16

British politician, was one of the earliest and most severe critics of the French Revolution.

Question 17

Napoleon Bonaparte

Answer 17

was first a french general then became Emperor of France. Wanted to control the rest of Europe and reassert French power in the Americas. Great military leader who almost took over all of Europe.

Question 18

coup d’etat [KOO day•TAH]

Answer 18

A sudden seizure of political power in a nation

Question 19

Concordat of 1801

Answer 19

A formal agreement that established a new relationship between church and state

Question 20

Napoleonic Code

Answer 20

A comprehensive and uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon

Question 21

Battle of Trafalgar

Answer 21

In 1805 naval battle in which Napoleon’s forces were defeated by a British fleet under the command of Horatio Nelson

Question 22

Blockade

Answer 22

The use of troops or ships to prevent commercial traffic from entering or leaving the city or region

Question 23

Continental System

Answer 23

Napoleons’s policy of preventing trade between Great Britain in continental Europe, intended to destroy great Britain’s economy

Question 24

Waterloo

Answer 24

Napoleons defeat. Battle against the British and France (Prussia allied to Britain arrived and helped drive out Napoleon an his troops).

Question 25

Scorched Earth Policy

Answer 25

The practice of burning crops and killing livestock during war time so that the enemy cannot live off the land

Question 26

Hundred Days

Answer 26

The brief period during 1815 Napoleon made his last bid for power, deposing the French king in again becoming emperor of France

Question 27

St. Helena

Answer 27

remote island in the South Atlantic where the British shipped Napoleon to live there by himself for 6 years until he died of stomach cancer.

Question 28

Congress of Vienna

Answer 28

A series of meetings during which to European leaders sought to establish long-lasting peace and security after the defeat of Napoleon

Question 29

Klemens von Metternich

Answer 29

Foreign minister of Austria. He wanted to prevent future French aggression by surrounding France with strong countries, to restore a Balance of Power, And to restore Europe’s royal families to the thrones they had before Napoleon.

Question 30

Balance of Power

Answer 30

A political situation in which no one nation is powerful enough to pose a threat to others

Question 31

Concert of Europe

Answer 31

A series of alliances among European nations in the 19th century, devised by Prince Klemens von Metternich to prevent the outbreak of revolutions