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Italian Wine Scholar > Fruili Venezia Giulia > Flashcards

Fruili Venezia Giulia Flashcards

1
Q

Describe Friuli’s wine industry

A

-Birthplace of modern white winemaking
-Focus on clean, fresh, fruity shifting away from oxidized styles
-Single-varietal focused since 1800s
-High quality standard, experimentation, great terroir

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2
Q

What are the famous sweet whites from Friuli?

A

Picolit
Ramandelo

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3
Q

What are key historical events in Friuli?

A

Thrived under Rome; 4th largest city in Empire
1866 eastern, part of Italian Empire 1919 west part incorporated
1963 - autonomy granted

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4
Q

Describe the location of Friuli

A

Alps/Austria to North
Slovenian and Adriatic to east/south
Veneto to west
Trenton Alto Adige to N/W

Trieste capitol

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5
Q

What is the climate of wine growing region in Friuli?

A
  1. Lower coastal plain —> lagoons to sea
    -Sandy, gravel plain. More fertile b/c of higher clay
  2. Alluvial Plain
    -Sandy, gravel plain.
  3. Eastern hills: best vineyards sites
    Sandstone, calcereous marls

Prealps
(No vine growing in Alps)

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6
Q

What are the high quality soils of Friuli called?

A

Flysch of Cormons
locally “Ponca”

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7
Q

What is the climate of Friuli?

A

Mild, temperate continental

Alps block northerly wind
Adriatic Sea breezes moderate, create air flow, lowers humidity, mitigates heat = acidity & complexity

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8
Q

Where is the Carso Plain and what are the soil types?

A

Friuli —> south east next to Slovenian, bordered Adriatic
Soils: limestone sub-soil with iron-rich sand and clay

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of Friulano? What is it called in Veneto?

A

-Identical to Sauvignonasse
-“traditional” white grape of Friuli, since 12th C
Light-medium body; grass; white flowers; green apple; herbal; almond
-Used to be called tocai friuliano, dropped Tocai after Hungarian request
-Called “tai” in Veneto

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10
Q

Name the native/traditional white grapes of FriulI (5)

A
  1. Friulano
  2. Ribolla Gialla
  3. Malvasia Istriana
  4. Picolit
  5. Vitovksa
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11
Q

Name the native/traditional red grapes of FriulI

A
  1. Refosco del Peduncolo Rosso “from red stem:
  2. Schioppettino aka Ribolla Nera “crackling” - crunchy berries
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12
Q

List the most widely planted grapes in Friuli

A

Pinot Grigio (21%)
Merlot (15%)
Friulano
Chardonnay
Sauvignon (SB)
Cab Franc
Refosco dal Rosso

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13
Q

Describe vine training in Friuli

A

Topographical dependent:
-Plains: Sylvoz & Camara
-Hills: Guyot and Cappuccina (like guyot)
Except Friuli Isonzo (plains that uses guyot)

-Some areas Alberello

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14
Q

Who and what happened in the Friulian white wine “revolution”

A

Mario Schiopetto in 1960s introduced temp controlled fermentation, S/S refrigeration, prneumaatic presses and sterile bottling (aka protective winemaking)
Oak and Malo avoided
Colli & Collio Orientale some of most modern ad advanced wineries

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15
Q

Who were Josko Gravner and Stanko Radikon?

A

Collio producers
-Use ancient techniques of prolonged skin macération, long periods in neutral casks, sometimes amphorae
-Orange wines

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16
Q

What are the two styles of Friuli super-whites?

A
  1. Intensely aromatic, blends, S/S fermentation
  2. Rich, barrel aged, blends with late harvest fruit
    -Both can age
    -Labeld as Bianca from COllio, Friuli Colli Orientalist & Venezia Giulia
    Can be: Friulano, Ribolla Gialla, Malvasia Istriana, Picolit, Chardonnay, SB, Riesling, Pinot Bianca, PG
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17
Q

Describe Friuli’s wine industry

A

Historically bulk wine
Today one of highest proportions of DOC (40%)
Mostly family owned, small to medium sized producers
70% white production

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18
Q

How many DOC/DOCGs are in Friuli? What is the largest? How are they labeled?

A

12 DOC
4 DOCG
Friuli Grave DOC
-in sub-zones, Apellation, name of grape. EG Collio, Ribolla Gialla

19
Q

What is the style of Friuli DOC Ribolla Gialla?

A

White, spumante

20
Q

What Friuli appellations are in the Central Plains? Coastal Plains? Eastern Friuli?

A

Central Plains - Friuli Grave
Coastal- Friuli Latisana, Friuli Annia, Friuli Aquileia
Eastern- Collio (Collio Goriziano): Sauvignon, Friulano, Ribolla Gialla, Pinot Grigio
Friuli Colli Orientali
Friuli Isonzo
Carso

21
Q

Name the 4 Friuli Colli Orientali DOCG Subzones and their grapes

A

Cialla: Ribolla Gialla (w), Verduzzo Friulano (w) Refosco (r) Schioppettino (r)

Rosazzo: Ribolla Gialla (w), Pignolo (r)

Faedis: Refosco Nostrano

Prepotto: Schioppettino (r)

22
Q

What is the grape in Cialla subzone and aging requirements?

A

100% Picolit
Sweet, appassimento
2 yrs min
Riserva 4 yrs
Only sub-zone that can do riserva.

23
Q

Who was Mario Schiopetto?

A

1960s producer introduced temp controlled fermentation, S/S, refrigeration, pneumatic press, sterile bottling

24
Q

What types and styles of wine can come from Friuli DOC?

A

Whites: native and international
Rosso: native and international - Merlot largest planted
Ribolla Gialla must be spumante

25
Q

What grapes are grown in Collio and what are the styles?

A

80% white, high quality. SB, Friulano, Ribolla Gialla, PG, Malvasia
Some pure varietal, others structured and complex
Red - Merlot, Cab Franc, CS

26
Q

Describe Colli Orientali Picolit and Cialla wines

A

Picolit - ancient white, sweet style. 85% Picolit.
Cialla 100%, higher ABV, 2 yr aging. Riserva (only in Cialla) 4 yr min

27
Q

Describe Ramandolo wines

A

100% Verduzzo Gialla, sweet white
Often extra-ripe or shriveled grapes
Some appissemento
Hand harvested (very steep slopes) in Friuli Collio Orientale

28
Q

Describe Rossazo wines

A

White blend Friulano + SB, Chard, Ribolla Gialla
In Colli Orientali

29
Q

Describe Isonzo and Carso area and grapes

A

Isonzo: Southern Friuli Orientale. Isonzo river Alte and Giare. Meso climate of cool mountain and warm sea breezes.
Carso - min 70%
Poor soils, rugged cliffs.

Vitovska (w)
Terrano (r)

30
Q

What is the name of the wind in Friuli?

A

Bora: cold winter wind that effects Friuli

31
Q

What are the regional names for Sauvignonasse in: Friuli? Veneto?

A

Friuli: Friuliano
Veneto: Tai

32
Q

What is the most planted grape in Friuli?

A

Pinot Grigio

33
Q

Where is Lison and what grapes are grown here?

A

Inter-regional along border with Veneto, beneath Colli

-Friulano: white, crisp. White flowers, almonds

34
Q

What are the grapes and styles in Collio DOC?

A

Whites: Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon, Friulano
Ribolla Gialla, Malvasia Istriana, Chard, Pinot Bianca

Red (small amounts) Merlot, Cab Franc, Cab Sauvignon

35
Q

What is the style of Friuli Colli Orientali Picolit?

A

Sweet appassimento
85% Picolit

36
Q

What is the style of Ramandolo?

A

100% Verduzzo Giallo

37
Q

What are the 4 DOCG of FVG?

A

Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit
Lison
Ramandolo
Rosazzo

38
Q

What regions can carry classico in FVG? (3)

A

Bagnoli Friularo Classico
Lison
Carso

39
Q

What region is ronchi associated with?

A

Friuli

Means well exposed vineyards

40
Q

Where is the Rauscedo nursery located?

A

Fruili

41
Q

What are the Flysch of Cormons/Ponca made of?

A

Sandstone and cancerous marls

42
Q

Friuli’s limestone plateau is known as

A

The Carso

43
Q

Define moraine

A

Sediment deposit formed by a glacier. Forms a mound

Italian Wine Scholar (15 decks)

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