GA Forearm Muscles, Vasculature and Innervation Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in GA Forearm Muscles, Vasculature and Innervation Deck (26)
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1
Q

Muscles of Forearm

A

flexors and pronators are in the anterior compartment
-served by median n. and branches
-supplied by radial and ulnar arteries
extensors and supinators are in the posterior compartment
-innervated by radial nerve and branches

2
Q

Superficial Flexor Compartment

A

Pronator teres muscle
Flexor Carpi Radialis muscle
Palmaris longus muscle
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris muscle

3
Q

Intermediate Flexor Compartment

A

Flexor Digitorum superficialis Muscle

4
Q

Depp Flexor Compartment

A

Flexor Digitorum profundus muscle
Flexor Pollici longus muscle
Pronator quadratus muscle

5
Q

Pronator Teres Muscle

A

most lateral of the forearm flexors
O- Ulnar head - coronoid process
Humeral head - medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon
I - Middle of convexity of lateral surface of radius
A - Pronation and flexion of forearm
N - Median n. (C6,C7)

6
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis Muscle

A

medial to pronator teres, tendon does not pass thru carpal tunnel, Radial a. lies just lateral to this muscle
O- Medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon
I - Base of 2nd metacarpal
A - Flexion and radial deviation of the hand
N - Median n. (C6,C7)

7
Q

Palmaris Longus muscle

A

absent in one or both sides of people, passes superficial to flexor retinaculum, tendon lies deep and slightly medial to median n. at wrist
O- medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon
I - Distal 1/2 flexor retinaculum and apex of palmar aporneurosis
A - Flexion of hand at wrist and tenses palmar aponeurosis
N - Median n. (C7,C8)

8
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris muscle

A

most medial of superficial flexors, tendon is guide to ulnar n. and a. on lateral side at wrist
O - Humeral head - medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon
Ulnar head - Olecranon and posterior border via aperneurosis
I - Pisiform, hook of hamate and 5th metacarpal
A - Flexion and ulnar deviation of hand
N - Ulnar n. (C7,C8)

9
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis muscle

A

median n. and ulnar n. enter forearm by passing b/w its two heads, gives rise to 4 tendons at wrist
O - Humeroulnar head - medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon and coronoid process
Radial head - superior 1/2 anterior border
I - Shafts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits via split tendon
A - flexion of PIP’s; strong flexion of MP’s; flexion of wrist
N - Median n. (C7,C8,T1)

10
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus muscle

A

only muscle that can flex DIP’s, gives rise to 4 tendons at wrist
O - medial and lateral halves: proximal 3/4 medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane
I - Medial half - Basses of phalanges of 4th and 5th digits
Lateral half - Basses of phalanges of 2nd and 3rd digits
A - Medial half - Flexes DIP’s of 4th and 5th
Lateral half - Flexes DIP’s of 3rd and 2nd
N - Medial half - Ulnar n. (C8,T1)
Lateral half - A.I.N. (C8,T1)

11
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus muscle

A

lies lateral to FDP, passes thru the carpal tunnel
O - Anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane
I - base of distal phalanx of thumb
A - Flexion of thumb; flexion of wrist
N - A.I.N. (C8,T1)

12
Q

Pronator Quadratus muscle

A

deepest muscle in anterior forearm, costal distal radius, ulna and interosseous membrane, A.I.A. and A.I.N. pass deep to this muscle
O - Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of ulna
I - Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of radius
A - Prime mover for forearm pronation; deep fibers bind radius and ulna together
N - A.I.N. (C8,T1)

13
Q

Superficial Extensor Compartment

A
Brachioradialis muscle
Extensor Carpi Radialis longus muscle
Extensor Carpi Radialis brevis muscle
Extensor Digitorum Muscle
Extensor Digiti Minimi muscle
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris muscle
14
Q

Depp Extensor Compartment

A

Supinator Muscle

Extensor Indicis muscle

15
Q

Outcropping Extensor Muscle

A

Abductor Pollicis Longus muscle
Extensor Pollicis Longus muscle
Extensor Pollicis Brevis muscle

16
Q

Brachioradialis muscle

A

lies on anterolateral surface of forearm, forms lateral border of cubital fossa, functionally a flexor, but is innervated by radial nerve, overlies radial n. and a. proximally, does not cross wrist joint
O - Proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge
I - Lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process
A - Forearm flexion (maximal in mid-pronated/mid-supinated position)
N - Radial n. (C5,C6,C7)

17
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus muscle

A

partially overlapped nu brachioradialis m., distal tendon is crossed over by Abductor Pollicis longus and Extensor Pollicis brevis
O - Lateral supracondylar ridge
I - Dorsal aspect, base of 2nd metacarpal
A - Ext. and radial deviation of wrist
N - Radial n. (C6,C7)

18
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis muscle

A

shorter that ECRL because it arises distally
O - Lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon
I - Dorsal aspect, base of 3rd metacarpal
A - Ext. and radial deviation of wrist
N - Deep branch of radial n. (C7,C8)

19
Q

Extensor Digitorum Muscle

A

principle extonsor of medial 4 digits, tendons spread out on dorsum of hand as they pass the digits
O - Lateral epicondyle via common extensor tendon
I - Extensor expansion of medial 4 digits
A - Ext. of medial 4 digits primarily at metaphalanges, secondarily at intermediate phalanges, ext of wrist
N - Deep branch of radial n. (C7,C8)

20
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi muscle

A

partially detached part of extensor digitorum m.
O - Lateral epicondyle via common extensor tendon
I - Extensor expansion of 5th digit
A - Extension of 5th digit primarily at metaphalange, secondarily at Intermediate phalanges, assists with wrist ext.
N - Deep branch of radial n. (C7,C8)

21
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris muscle

A

located on medial border of forearm, has humeral and ulnar heads
O - Lateral epicondyle via common extensor tendon, posterior border of ulna via shared aponeurosis
I - Dorsal aspect, base of 5th metacarpal
A - Ext and ulnar deviation of wrist
N - Deep branch of radial n. (C7,C8)

22
Q

Supinator muscle

A

helps form floor of cubital fossa
O - Lateral epicondyle, radial collateral and anular ligaments, supinator fossa, crest of ulna
I - Lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 or radius
A - Supination of forearm, especially slow, unopposed with extended forearm
N - Deep branch of radial n. (C7,C8)

23
Q

Extensor Indicis muscle

A

part of deep extensor group, lies medial and alongside Extensor pollicis longs, confers independence to index finger
O - Posterior surface of distal 1/3 ulna and interosseous membrane
I - Extensor expansion of 2nd digit; assits with wrist extension
A - Extension of 2nd digit (independent extension)
N - P. I. N. (C7,C8)

24
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus muscle

A

lies just distal to supinator muscle, tendon and belly may be split into 2, forms one border of the snuffbox
O - Posterior surface of proximal halves of ulna, radius and interosseous membrane
I - Base of 1st metacarpal
A - ABD of thumb, ext. of CM
N - P.I.N. (C7,C8)

25
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis muscle

A

tendon lies parallel and immediately medial to APL but extends further, forms one border of anatomical snuffbox
O - Posterior surface distal 1/3 of radius of interosseous membrane
I - dorsal aspect, base of proximal phalanx of thumb
A - Extension of proximal phalanx of thumb at MP, ext. of CM, assists with ext. and radial deviation
N - P.I.N. (C7,C8)

26
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus muscle

A

tendon passes medial to the dorsal tubercle of radius, form one border of the anatomical snuffbox
O - Posterior surface middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane
I - Dorsal aspect, base of distal phalanx of thumb
A - Extension of distal phalanx at IP, ext. of MP’s and CM’s
N - P.I.N. (C7,C8)