Gastroenteritis

Question 1

Bloody diarrhea

Answer 1

Campylobacter (poultry)
C. diff (abx)
E. coli O157:H7 (hemorrhagic) (ground beef)
Salmonella (eggs, poultry, milk, produce)
Shigella (food/water, overcrowding)
Yersinia (pork, produce, puppies)
Entamoeba histolytica (water, poor sanitation)

Question 2

Watery diarrhea

Answer 2

C. diff (abx)
E. coli (enterotoxigenic) (travelers' diarrhea)
Vibrio cholerae (water, seafood)
Vibrio parahaemolyticus (seafood)
Cryptosporidium parvum (food/water, IC)

Question 3

Food poisoning

Answer 3

Vomiting w/i several hrs of eating, diarrhea later
Bacillus cereus (rice)
S. aureus (room temp food, picnic)
(Vibrio parahaemolyticus, seafood, diarrhea w/i 24 hrs)

Question 4

Diarrhea w/ cruise ship

Answer 4

Norwalk virus

Question 5

Diarrhea in summer

Answer 5

Coxsackie virus, echovirus

Question 6

Diarrhea w/ URI or pinkeye

Answer 6

Adenovirus

Question 7

Diarrhea w/ greenish color, foul smell, child, in winter

Answer 7

Rotovirus

Question 8

Viral gastroenteritis Rx

Answer 8

Self-limited (48-72 hrs); hydrate

Question 9

Diarrhea w/ vomiting w/i several hrs of eating rice

Answer 9

Bacillus cereus

Question 10

Diarrhea w/ blood after eating poultry

Answer 10

Campylobacter jejuni

Salmonella

Question 11

Diarrhea w/ Guillain-Barre syndrome

Answer 11

Campylobacter jejuni

Question 12

Diarrhea w/ honey, home-canned foods

Answer 12

Clostridium botulinum

Question 13

Diarrhea w/ flaccid paralysis

Answer 13

Clostridium botulinum

Question 14

Diarrhea w/ recent abx use (esp clindamycin; amp/amox)

Answer 14

Clostridium difficile

Question 15

Diarrhea w/ gray pseudomembranous colitis

Answer 15

Clostridium difficile

Question 16

Travelers’ diarrhea

Answer 16

E. coli (entertoxigenic)

Question 17

Diarrhea w/ blood after eating ground beef

Answer 17

E. coli (enterohemorrhagic, O157:H7)

Possibly campylobacter

Question 18

HUS

Answer 18

Thrombocytopenia
Hemolytic anemia
Acute renal failure
Usu self-limited, can be fatal

Question 19

Diarrhea leading to HUS

Answer 19

E. coli O157:H7 (enterohemorrhagic)

Possibly Shigella

Question 20

Diarrhea w/ vomiting w/i several hours of eating room-temp food

Answer 20

S. aureus

Question 21

Diarrhea w/ blood after eggs, poultry, milk, produce

Answer 21

Salmonella

Question 22

MC and 2nd MC foodborne bacterial GI infection

Answer 22

Salmonella

Campylobacter jejuni

Question 23

Diarrhea w/ blood w/ food/water (overcrowding)

Answer 23

Shigella (‘bacterial dysentery’)

Question 24

Diarrhea w/ rice water look after water/seafood

Answer 24

Vibrio cholerae

Question 25

Diarrhea w/ possible rice water look after seafood (oysters)

Answer 25

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Question 26

Diarrhea w/ blood after pork, fresh produce, puppy feces

Answer 26

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 27

Diarrhea after drinking from stream

Answer 27

Giardia lamblia | Entamoeba histolytica

Question 28

Diarrhea w/ greasy, foul-smell after surface water in wilderness/other country

Answer 28

Giardia lamblia

Question 29

Diarrhea w/ blood after water/poor sanitation

Answer 29

Entamoeba histolytica ('amoebic dysentery')

Question 30

Diarrhea w/ liver abscess

Answer 30

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 31

Diarrhea w/ watery appearance in immunocompromised

Answer 31

Cryptosporidium parvum

Question 32

Diarrhea w/ myalgias after undercooked pork

Answer 32

``` Trichinella spiralis Taenia solium (cysticercosis) ```

Question 33

Diarrhea w/ periorbital edema after undercooked pork

Answer 33

Trichinella spiralis

Question 34

Diarrhea w/ cardiac symptoms after undercooked pork

Answer 34

Trichinella spiralis

Question 35

Diarrhea w/ CNS symptoms after undercooked pork

Answer 35

``` Trichinella spiralis Taenia solium (neurocysticercosis) ```

Question 36

Diarrhea after undercooked pork

Answer 36

``` Yersinia enterocolitica (bloody) Trichinella spiralis (myalgias, periorbital edema, eosinophilia; CNS/cardiac symptoms) Taenia solium (muscles, CNS symptoms) ```

Question 37

Bacillus cereus Rx

Answer 37

Self-limited; hydration

Question 38

Campylobacter jejuni Rx

Answer 38

Self-limited; hydration | Can use erythromycin

Question 39

Clostridium botulinum Rx

Answer 39

``` Botulism antitoxin (not given to infants) Self-limited ```

Question 40

Clostridium difficile Rx

Answer 40

Metronidazole | ORAL vancomycin

Question 41

E. coli (enterotoxigenic) Rx

Answer 41

Self-limited; hydration | often treated w/ fluoro

Question 42

E. coli (enterohemorrhagic) Rx

Answer 42

Self-limited; hydration | *Abx may worsen symptoms b/c of toxin release

Question 43

S. aureus Rx

Answer 43

Self-limited; hydration

Question 44

Salmonella Rx

Answer 44

Self-limited; hydration IC patients - fluoro *Abx can prolong carrier state

Question 45

Shigella Rx

Answer 45

Self-limited; hydration | Cipro, TMP-SMX in severe cases

Question 46

Vibrio cholerae Rx

Answer 46

HYDRATION | Tetracycline or doxycycline decreases disease length

Question 47

Vibrio parahaemolyticus Rx

Answer 47

Self-limited; hydration

Question 48

Yersinia enterocolitica Rx

Answer 48

Self-limited; hydration

Question 49

Giardia lamblia Rx

Answer 49

Metronidazole, hydration

Question 50

Entamoeba histolytica Rx

Answer 50

Metronidazole, (paromomycin)

Question 51

Cryptosporidium parvum Rx

Answer 51

Control immune suppression | Nitazoxanide

Question 52

Trichinella spiralis Rx

Answer 52

Albendazole | Mebendazole if CNS/cardiac symptoms

Question 53

Taenia solium Rx

Answer 53

Praziquantel for intestinal/muscle infection | Albendazole + corticosteroids for neurocysticercosis