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Medicine Year 3 > Gastroenterology > Flashcards

Gastroenterology Flashcards

(96 cards)

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1
Q

3 features of budd chiari

A

Sudden abdominal pain
Ascites
Tender hepatomegaly

Polycythaemia

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2
Q

2 facts about GORD

A

Fundoplication

Manometry

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3
Q

3 features of primary biliary cholangitis

A

IgM
antiMitochondrial antibodies (type M)
Middle aged female

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4
Q

How to calculate alcohol units

A

MIS x % / 1000

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5
Q

Antibodies in chronic hepatitis B

A

Positive anti HBC IgG

Negative anti HBC IgM

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6
Q

Drug if varices bleed

A

Vasopressin analogue e.g. terlipressin

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7
Q

What do you measure in acute liver failure

A

Prothrombin time

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8
Q

Bacteria in c.diff

A

Pseudomembranous colitis

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9
Q

Drug if bile acid malabsorption

A

Cholestyramine to lower cholesterol

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10
Q

What does mesalazine increase the risk of

A

Pancreatitis

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11
Q

What vaccination do coeliacs recieve and why

A

Pneumococcal due to hyposplenism

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12
Q

What blood change does alcohol cause

A

Increased ferritin

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13
Q

What drug do you give in severe alcoholic hepatitis

A

Prednisolone

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14
Q

What drug do you give if there are oesophageal varices

A

Propanolol

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15
Q

Features of Wilsons Disease

A

Liver and neuro sx

Reduced caeruloplasmin
Reduced copper

Penicillamine

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16
Q

Most common site for an upper GI bleed

A

Ligament of Treitz

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17
Q

Polyps in UC

A

Pseudopolyps

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18
Q

Feature of the pain in IBS

A

They will not wake at night

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19
Q

Do you get skin tags in crohns

A

No

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20
Q

Most common bowel cancer

A

HNPCC

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21
Q

Side effect of a LT PPI

A

Reduced Mg

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22
Q

Risk of smoking in crohns

A

Relapse

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23
Q

Risk of using high doses of laxatives

A

Melanosis coli

Reduced pigmented polyps

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24
Q

Management of NAFLD

A

Reduce weight

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25
2 features of B12 deficiency and cause
Red beefy tongue Macrocytic anaemia Intrinsic factor antibody
26
Treatment of alcoholic acidosis
Thiamine and saline
27
Treatment of mild and severe C.diff
Mild: 1st PO Vanomycin 2nd PO fidaxomicin Severe: Oral vanomycin + IV metronidazole
28
Omeprazole and c diff has some link
29
How many weeks before an endoscopy should you stop a PPI
2 weeks before
30
UC on imaging
Loss of haustra
31
What does a carcinoid tumour secrete
ACTH | Causing flushing, diarrhoea and constipation
32
Imaging for a perianal fistula
MRI
33
Cancer associated with coeliac
Enteropathic associated T cell lymphoma
34
Painless obstructive jaundice and palpable gallbladder =
PANCREATIC CANCER | or duct dilation
35
Diagnostic for pancreatic cancer
High resolution CT
36
Cells in crohn's
Goblet cells
37
First line for mild-moderate UC flare
Rectal aminosalicyclates | e.g. mesalazine
38
Severe flare of UC
IV steroids in hospital
39
characteristic iron study profile in haemochromatosis
Raised transferrin saturation and ferritin, with low TIBC
40
What cancer is primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with
Cholangiocarcinoma
41
Medication before endoscopy
Prophylactic ABx
42
Dysplasia on biopsy in Barrett's oesophagus
Endoscopic mucosal therapy
43
2 characteristics of wilsons disease
liver and neurological disease
44
Crohns in children
Abdo pain
45
Key investigation for aminosalicyclates and fever
FBC - agranulocytosis
46
HNPCC - other cancers
Endometrial | Pancreatic
47
H.pylori post-eradication test
Urea breath test
48
Recurrent C.diff within 12 weeks of Sx
Oral fidaxomicin
49
Dietary vitamin which lack of causes easy bleeding
Vitamin C
50
Which way round is B12 and folate
B12 THEN folate | replace B12 IM
51
Carcinoid syndrome - heart problem
Tricuspid insufficiency and pulmonary stenosis
52
Medication whilst waiting endoscopy for varices
terlipressin
53
Gastric adenocardinoma cells
Signet ring
54
Waterlow score
Pressure sore
55
MUST score
Malnutrition
56
Medication to manage severe alcoholic hepatitis
Corticosteroids
57
patient with ulcerative colitis has had a severe relapse or >=2 exacerbations in the past year
oral azathioprine or oral mercaptopurine to maintain remission
58
What histology of cancer does barretts oesophagus predispose
Adenocarcinoma
59
occasional retrosternal chest pain and dysphagia that occurs to both liquids and solids
Achalasia
60
Side effect of isoniazid
B6 deficiency --> peripheral neuropathy
61
Which liver tests monitors the function of the organ
Prothrombin time
62
Investigation for budd-chiari
Ultrasound with doppler
63
Cruypt absesses
UC
64
Haemachromatosis
Fatigue, ED, arthralgia | FHx
65
fever and IBD
Severe flare
66
Vaccination every 5 years in coeliac
Pneumococcal - hypospenism
67
Painless jaundice
Pancreatic cancer (doesn't need palpable abdomen)
68
PPI electrolyte disturbance
Hyponatremia
69
Treatment for wilsons
Penicillamine
70
What do you test in the stool for c diff
Toxin | antigen shows exposure to bacteria not current infection
71
Suspected perforated ulcer initial investigation
CXR
72
Which IBD is associated with gallstones
Crohns
73
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Pigmented lesions around mouth and feet | Hamartomas
74
Septic shock, RUQ tenderness, no jaundice, no gallstones
Acalculous cholecystitis45%
75
Known gallstones, high fever and jaundice, soft abdomen with mild RUQ tenderness
Cholangitis
76
Colicky RUQ pain radiating to back and fever with no jaundice and localised peritonism in RUQ
Acute cholecystitis
77
Secondary prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy
Lactulose and rifaximin
78
Refeeding syndrome
Abnormal fluid balance anda rrhythmias
79
Mesenteric ischaemia
Metabolic acidosis, severe abdo pain, high lactate
80
Watery grey and frothy stools
Coeliac
81
TIPS procedure side effect
Inadequate metabolism of nitrogenous waste
82
Prophylaxis of variceal bleed
Propanolol
83
Gold standard for dysphagia
Endoscopy
84
Isolated rise in bilirubin in response to physiological stress
Gilbert's syndrome | no investigations
85
Severe iron deficiency
Smooth glossy tongue with pallor and cheilitis and DYSPHAGIA
86
Acute flare of crohns after 5 days of IV hydrocortisone
Infliximab
87
First line antibody for coeliac
Anti TTG
88
C.diff common causative Abx
Cephalosporins e.g. cefacelor, clindamycin
89
Antibodies in previous Hep B infection
HBsAg negative, anti-HBs positive, IgG anti-HBc positive
90
Abdominal pain with blood and leucocytes on dipstick
CT abdo for stones
91
Omeprazole before endoscopy
Stop 2 weeks before
92
Dyspepsia with no red flags
PPI at full dose for 1 month
93
Investigation for perianal fistulae and crohns
MRI
94
Medication to avoid in bowel obstruction
Metaclopramide
95
Sengstaken-Blakemore tube may be used to stop an uncontrolled variceal haemorrhage
96
Triad of intestinal angina
triad of severe, colicky post-prandial abdominal pain, weight loss, and an abdominal bruit

Medicine Year 3 (8 decks)

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