Genetics Flashcards
What was the predominant theory of the 19th century of traits?
The predominant Theory up through the 19th century was that offspring are the blend of parental traits.
What is biological inheritance?
The passing on of genetic factors such as the color of hair or eyes from one generation to the next resulting in similarities between members of one family or strain.
Who change the predominant theory that offspring are the blend of parental traits?
Gregor Mandel the monk
What did Greg or Mandel work with?
Gregor Mandel made many of his breakthrough’s by working in a monastery garden working with pea plants
What do PeA plans have?
Pea flowers have both male and female parts.
What does pollen do?
Pollen from the male part fertilizes the female part which is self pollination
How are seeds produced in Pea plants
Seeds are produced by self pollination
How do you prevent self Pollination?
By cutting off the male parts of the flower
How does cross pollenization happen?
He found he could also then pollinate the flowers with the mail pollen from another P plant
What did this produce? Cross pollenization
The seed produced by a pea plant that was crossed pollinated was a combination of the genetic information from each plant ::::hybrid
What is hybridization?
Cross pollenization. Purebred plants allowed him to experiment with cross pollination.
What did Mendel front did he find he crossed pollinated P plants that they were a blend of traits or exhibited either one or the other trait?
When he cross pollinated pea plants He found that they exhibited either one or the other trait
What were the purebred parental planets called?
He labeled the purebred parental plants as the P generation
What did you call the first generation of cross pollinated plants?
He labeled the firstgeneration of crossed pollinated plants F1 for filius son generation
The next self pollinated generation was called what?
He labeled the next self pollinated generation F2 generation
What did Mendel conclude?
Individual factors which do not blend determine the phenotype or gene. Individual factors for a particular trait exist in multiple forms or alleles. A sperm or egg gamete contain only one of the alleles. Some factors are dominant and others are recessive.
What is homozygous mean?
Homozygous means the alleles for a particular trait are identical and in other words be a real from the father is the same as from the mother.
What does heterozygous mean?
Heterozygous means the alleles for a particular trait are different in other words the allele from the mother is different from the father.
What does a dominant allele mean?
Dolmens means that the allele is expressed in both the heterozygous and homozygous state. The dominant allele is designated by a capital letter.
