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BMS109 Cell & Molecular COPY > Genomes > Flashcards

Flashcards in Genomes Deck (19)
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1
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - ALL somatic cells contain the same genome

A

TRUE

2
Q

What do transcriptomes code for?

A

RNA

3
Q

What do proteosomes code for?

A

Proteins

4
Q

Describe the genome of E.Coli?

A

single circular chromosomal DNA molecule contains the genome

5
Q

How is the genome of E.Coli replicated?

A

Bi-directional

6
Q

Where are house keeping genes expressed?

A

ALL cell types

7
Q

What cells are diploid in eukaryotic cells?

A

ALL cells except germ cells

8
Q

What is the centromere?

A

specialised repetitive DNA sequences

9
Q

What is the centromere attached to?

A

kinetochore

10
Q

What is the replication origin?

A

DNA sequence where DNA replication is initiated

11
Q

What is the telomere?

A

Specialised DNA sequences at the end of linear chromosomes

12
Q

What is the function of the telomere?

A

Maintain chromosomal integrity

13
Q

Which enzyme maintains the telomere?

A

Enzyme telomerase

14
Q

Describe the correlation between organism and genomes

A

As organism complexity increases, genome size increases

15
Q

Describe the correlation between gene density and organism complexity

A

As organism complexity increases, gene density declines

16
Q

What do larger genes contain more of?

A

Repetitive DNA elements like transposons and retrotransposons

17
Q

Describe the characteristics of larger genomes

A

Contain more complex transcriptional control elements distributed over larger regions of DNA E.G. promoters & enhancers

18
Q

what contains the protein-coding sequences in eukaryotic genes?

A

Exons

19
Q

What are retrotransposons?

A

genetic elements that amplify themselves in the genome