Geology

Question 1

Igneous

Answer 1

rocks that come from magma/lava

Question 2

Magma

Answer 2

hot liquid rock that has not reached the surface of the Earth.

Question 3

Lava

Answer 3

hot liquid rock that has been erupted form a volcano

Question 4

Extrusive

Answer 4

igneous rocks that have been forced out of a volcano and reached the surface

Question 5

Intrusive

Answer 5

rocks that have been other rocks while inside magma

Question 6

Mineral

Answer 6

natural solid substance from the ground such as, diamond and gold.

Question 7

Lithosphere

Answer 7

the lithosphere is the outer part of the Earth and is solid and is made of Granitic and basaltic rocks.

Question 8

Asthenosphere

Answer 8

under the lithosphere and is made of plastic, it is not fully liquid, it is 700km long and is 1,300 degrees Celsius.

Question 9

Crystals

Answer 9

a substance made of molecules and atoms, and has a natural geometrical shape.

Question 10

Sedimentary rocks

Answer 10

rocks formed from sediments from water, wind or ice. They are formed in layers.

Question 11

Erosion

Answer 11

the wearing and removal of soil and rocks from wind, waves, rivers and ice.

Question 12

Floodplains

Answer 12

open flat lands near rivers that collect sediments during floods.

Question 13

Glaciers

Answer 13

big chunks of ice that fall down slopes that push boulders, rocks and gravel that are in from of them.

Question 14

Moraines

Answer 14

the deposit left by the glacier

Question 15

Sandstone

Answer 15

it is a sedimentary rock with grains that are medium sized. It is closed together by silica lime or some other salts.

Question 16

Mudstone

Answer 16

a fine grained sedimentary rock that does not have any layers.

Question 17

Shale

Answer 17

a fine-grained sedimentary rock formed in layers by the consolidation of clay

Question 18

Siltstone

Answer 18

a sedimentary rock with a particle size between that of sandstone and mudstone

Question 19

Conglomerate

Answer 19

sedimentary rock containing large particles of various sizes cemented together

Question 20

Limestone

Answer 20

a sedimentary rock formed from the remains of sea organisms. It consists mainly of calcium carbonate

Question 21

Coal

Answer 21

a sedimentary rock formed from dead plants and animals that were buried before rotting completely

Question 22

Rock salt

Answer 22

a sedimentary deposit formed when a salt lake or seabed dried up. Its main chemical is sodium chloride.

Question 23

Stone age

Answer 23

the first known period of prehistoric human culture characterized by the use of stone tools — compare mesolithic, neolithic, paleolithic.

Question 24

Alloy

Answer 24

a metal made by combining two or more metallic elements,

Question 25

Flint

Answer 25

a hard grey rock consisting of nearly pure silica (chert)

Question 26

Percussion flaking

Answer 26

the shaping of a stone implement by striking or chipping off flakes with another stone or a piece of wood, bone, or antler

Question 27

Fossil

Answer 27

any remains, impression, or trace of an animal or plant of a former geological age; evidence of life in the past

Question 28

Folding

Answer 28

the buckling of rocks. It is caused when rocks are under pressure from both sides.

Question 29

Palaeontologists

Answer 29

a scientist who studies fossils

Question 30

Relative Age

Answer 30

the age of a rock compared with the age of another rock

Question 31

Carnivores

Answer 31

animal that eats other animals

Question 32

Scavengers

Answer 32

animals that eat dead plant and animal material

Question 33

Mold

Answer 33

cavity in a rock that shows the shape of the hard parts of an organism; types of fungi found growing on the surface of foods

Question 34

Trace fossils

Answer 34

fossils that provide evidence, such as footprints, that an organism was present when the rock was formed

Question 35

Extinct

Answer 35

describes volcanoes that are no longer active. Extinct volcanoes have not erupted for thousands of years and show no sign of future eruption.