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Geology Unit Test 4-27 > Geology Test 4-27 > Flashcards

Geology Test 4-27 Flashcards

1
Q

Weathering

A

The prosses of a rock being warn down

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2
Q

What are the 3 types of weathering

A

physical, chemical & biological

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3
Q

What is an example of chemical weathering

A

Acid Rain (Hydrochloric Acid)

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4
Q

Deposition

A

the laying down of a sediment after being carried by wind, water or ice.

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5
Q

When do geologists use hydrochloric acid

A

when testing if a rock contains calcite

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6
Q

What is a radioactive half-life

A

the time it takes for 1/2 the atoms decay

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7
Q

What is the half-life of Carbon-14

A

5,730 years

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8
Q

What is a mineral

A

A solid inorganic substance of natural occurrence.

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9
Q

Where is Earth’s crust found

A

lithosphere

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10
Q

What does the lithosphere contain

A

crust, tetonic plates, upper mantel

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11
Q

What does the asthenosphere contain

A

Part of the lower mantel located just below the crust

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12
Q

What is Pangea

A

supercontenent

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13
Q

When was Pangea around

A

335 million years ago

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14
Q

What is the theory of the Pangea separation called

A

continental drift

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15
Q

What is a divergent boundary

A

when two plates move away from each other

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16
Q

What land formations do divergent boundaries cause

A

valleys & volcanoes/mountains

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17
Q

What is a convergent boundary

A

when two plates come together

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18
Q

What land forms are caused by an oceanic-continental convergent boundary

A

earthquakes (tsunamis), trenches, mountains & volcanoes

SUBDUCTION!!!

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19
Q

What is caused by a continental convergent boundary

A

mountains

20
Q

What is a transform boundary

A

when two plates slide against each other
- 2 plates going different ways
- 2 plates going the same way at different speeds

21
Q

What is caused by a transform boundary

A

earthquakes

22
Q

What is subduction

A

when two plates create a convergent boundary and one goes under the other

23
Q

Where does subduction usually occur

A

in a oceanic-continental convergent boundary (oceanic going under)

24
Q

What is sediment

A

the product of rocks undergoing weathering & erosion (consists of rocks and minerals)

25
Q

What is compaction

A

when sediment is compacted into sedimentary rock

26
Q

What is sedimentary rock

A

a type of rock created by compaction of sediments

27
Q

What is metamorphic rock

A

a type of rock created by sedimentary & igneous rock undergoing large amounts of heat and pressure

28
Q

What is igneous rock

A

a type of rock created by the cooling of magma/lava

29
Q

What is magma

A

molten rock created by igneous or metamorphic rock melting

30
Q

What is lava

A

magma that is found above ground (cooler than magma)

31
Q

What are crystals

A

a solid in which all atoms make up a rigid grid pattern

32
Q

What is the topmost part of a wave

A

crest

33
Q

What is the bottommost part of a wave

A

trough

34
Q

what is the space from crest to crest called

A

wavelength

35
Q

what is the space from trough to trough called

A

wavelenth

36
Q

What is the space from baseline to crest called

A

amplitude

37
Q

What is the space from baseline to trough called

A

amplitude

38
Q

What is frequency

A

the amount of crests in a specific period of time

39
Q

How is soil formed

A

the weathering/erosion of rocks

40
Q

When sediment (etc.) is settled

A

deposition

41
Q

The founder of modern geology

A

James Huttion

42
Q

To force something so that it becomes more dense

A

compaction

43
Q

What are the 3 types of plate boundaries

A
  • divergent
  • convergent
  • transform
44
Q

Who was the guy who came up with the continental drift theory

A

Alfred Wegener

45
Q

Resonance

A

if the frequency of a wave matches the frequency of an object the amplitude of the object goes up

46
Q

Unifomatarianisum

A

the theory that states the same geologic processes shaping Earth today have been working throughout Earth’s history.

Geology Unit Test 4-27 (2 decks)

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