GI/ LFTS/ HEP Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
what is budd chiari
A
hepatic vein obstruction causing ischaemia and hepatocyte damage
2
Q
what is the main cancer of the biliary system
A
cholangiocarcinoma (adenocarcinoma)
3
Q
treat chrons
A
steroids
4
Q
what is cholelithiasis?
A
stones in the bile duct
5
Q
treat psc
A
liver transplant
6
Q
treat ischaemic colitis with
A
thrombolysis vasodilators surgery
7
Q
what is cholecystitis
A
obstruction to flow out bile
8
Q
FAP
A
>100 aut dom adenocarcinoma presents early
9
Q
presence of surface antigen suggests what
A
acute or chronic infection may also be vaccine
10
Q
diagnose cholelithiasis
A
US ERCP
11
Q
treat infective colitis with
A
antimicrobials
12
Q
gastroenteritis from shellfish
A
norovirus
13
Q
what is pbc
A
chronic granulomatous inflammation of the bile ducts leading to cholestasis cirrhosis and portal hypertension
14
Q
surface antigen and igg
A
chronic infection
15
Q
HEP E
A
TROPICS FO
16
Q
presence of surface antibody suggests
A
immunity - could be vaccine or previous infection
17
Q
main cancer of the opesohagis
A
adenocarcinoma
18
Q
what is psc
A
inflammation and strictures of the bile ducts
19
Q
wilsons disease inheritance pattern
A
aut rec
20
Q
gastroenteritis from milk
A
campylobactor
21
Q
diagnose cholecystitis
A
US murpheys
22
Q
treat coeliac disease
A
gluten free diet
23
Q
biopsy of coeliac shows
A
villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia
24
Q
HNPCC
A
<100 aut dom right sided presents late
25
what is wilsons disease
toxic accumulation of copper in the liver
26
what are oesophageal varices?
portal hypertension leading to dilated veins
27
what is hypertensive peristalsis
contractions above 180 mmhg
28
hep A
GAY PWID FO
29
what are th e4 types of liver disease
acute \<6months chronic \>6mths acute alcoholic hep NAFLD
30
virchows node
gastric carcinoma
31
treat h pylori
oac
32
treat UC
5ASA or steroids
33
treat pancreatitis
nbm fluids and analgesia may need a pancreatectomy
34
ASMA
autoimmune hep
35
diagnose h pylori
urease breath test
36
treat cholecytitis
NBM ERCP cholecystectomy
37
what are the two main types of colitis ?
infective - inflammation ischaemic - blockage
38
symptoms of pancreatitis
pain which is relieved by sitting up and leaning forward
39
small bowel cancer seen in crohns or coeliac
carcinoma
40
HEP B
SEX MOTHER TO CHILD BLOOD PWID
41
treat cholelithiasis
urseodeoxycholic acid
42
what are the three types of surface antigens seen in hep b ?
surface antigen core antigen envelope antigen
43
diagnose gastroparesis
delayed gastric emptying on gastric emptying studies
44
treat gastroparesis
gastric pacemaker domperidone metoclopramide
45
prehepatic jaundice
unconjugated
46
treat pbc
transplant
47
surface antigen and igm
acute infection
48
presence of core antigen suggests what
shows infection and not vaccine
49
treat wilsons
copper chelation
50
haem is converted to
iron and porphyrin
51
ast alt
heoatocyte damage
52
what are the layers of the gut wall
mucosa (epithelium ; lamina propria; muscularis mucosa) submucosa muscularis externa serosa or adventitia
53
what do you measure after core antigen to see if the infection is acute or chronic
igm core antibody - acute igg core antibody - chronic
54
short incubation gastroenteritis
1-6hrs s aureus or b cereus
55
treat diverticulosis
hartmanns procedure
56
causes of pancreatitis
gallstones ethanol trauma steroids mumps autoimmune scorpion bites high temp low lipids embolus drugs
57
what is alpha one antitrypsin
emphysema chief genetic cause o liver disease
58
treat ulcers
ppi h2ra stop nsiads resect tumour if Zollinger Ellison
59
ggi
bile duct damage
60
what can help relax the lower oesophageal sphincet
nitrates and ccbs
61
pain relieved on defecation
diverticulitis
62
small intestine cancer seen in appendix
carcinoid
63
what is the main sign of pancreatitis
Cullens and turners sign (redness on abdo)
64
treat oesophageal varices
terlipressin endoscopic banding ligation tips septrin
65
what is gastroparesis?
delayed gastric emptying usually due to damage of the vagus nerve
66
what antibody is positive in pbc
ama
67
who gets psc
uc and men
68
signet ring sign
gastric adenocarcinoma
69
what is diverticulosis
outpucnings of the gut wall
70
what is the buzzword for achalasia?
bird beak
71
what id diffuse oesophageal spasm?
uncoordinated contractions
72
what are the three types of bowel ischaemia
acute - thrombus chronic small bowel chronic large bowel = IMA
73
what conjugates bilirubin
ugt
74
bilirubin increased in decreased ,...… production
bile
75
medium incubation gastroenteritis
12-48hrs salmonella or c perfinogens
76
alp
bile duct damage
77
gastroenteritis from undercooked hamburgers
E.coli
78
autoantibodies in coeliac
alpha gliandin transglutaminase anti endomysial
79
what is the main cause of cholangiocarcinoma ?
UC
80
all antibodies are present but no surface antigen
immune - does not tell you whether previous infection or vaccine though
81
post hepatic jaundice
conjugated
82
UC affects the
colon
83
what does the presence of envelope antigen tell you
actively replicating infection
84
albumin
measure of protein synthesis of the liver
85
what staging system is used for colorectal cancer
dukes
86
HEP C WITH RNA PRESENT
ACTIVE
87
viral dna shows
viral replication
88
diagnose wilsons disease
urinary copper
89
what is the buzzword for DOS?
corkscrew
90
what is achalasia?
lower oesophageal sphincter fails to relax
91
what happens to the porphyrin produced by the rbc breakdown
biliverdin then unconj bilirubin
92
diagnose pancreatitis
amylase
93
what are the three main tumours of the small intestine
lymphoma carcinoid carcinoma
94
diagnose ischaemia of the bowle
US angiograohy AXR
95
diagnose Zollinger Ellison
increased serum gastrin level on fasting and off PPIs
96
diagnose appendicitis
rosvigs sign and US
97
chrohns affects the
full GI tract
98
what is the buzzword for hypertensive peristalsis
nutcrackers
99
treat ischaemia of the bowel
angiography and stent
100
what are the main malignancies of the stomach
adecocarcinoma scc
101
HEP D
ONLY OCCURS WITH HEP B
102
what is seen on biopsy on psc
onion skinning fibrosis and beading of the bile ducts
103
long incubation gastroenteritis
2-18 days campylobacter or ecoli
104
diagnose colitis
plain XR
105
treat oesophageal dysmotility
hellers cardiomyotomy and balloon dilation
