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Rastlinske droge > GLIKOZIDI BASIC INFORMATIONS > Flashcards

GLIKOZIDI BASIC INFORMATIONS Flashcards

1
Q

Iz česa so sestavljeni glikozidi?

A

Iz sladkornega (glikon)
in nesladkornega dela (aglikon oz. genin)

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2
Q

Max. koliko monosaharidov je povezanih v sladkornem delu glikozida?

A

7

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3
Q

Kateri monosaharid je najpogostejši monosaharid v sladkornem delu glikozida?

A

glukoza

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4
Q

S katero vezjo sta povezan sladkorni in neskaldkorni del v glikzidih?

A

Glikozidno vezjo

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5
Q

Kakšna molekula je ponavadi nesladkorni del?

A

Ciklična

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6
Q

Kakšen glikozid je če je funkcionalna skupina R-OH?

A

O-glikozid

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7
Q

Kakšen glikozid je če je funkcionalna skupina R-SH?

A

S - glikozid

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8
Q

Kako poimenujemo glikozide?

A

ime rastlinske vrste
+
končnica -OZID ali -IN

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9
Q

Kakšne spojine so glikozidi?

A

Trdne, amorfne, kristalinične spojine

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10
Q

Kakšne barve so ponavadi glikozidi?

A

Bele (lahko tudi rumene, oranžne, modre,…)

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11
Q

Kakšnega okusa so ponavadi glikozidi?

A

Grenkega (izjema je Glicirizin)

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12
Q

Kaj vpliva na topnost?

A

Št. monosaharidnih enot

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13
Q

V kakšnih topilih so topni glikozidi?

A

Organskih

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14
Q

Ali so glikozidi hlapne spojine?

A

Ne

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15
Q

Kakšna tališča imajo glikozidi?

A

Visoka

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16
Q

So glikozidi optično aktivne snovi?

A

DA

17
Q

Naštej vseh 8 skupin glikozidov

A

antrakinonski, kardiotonični, saponinski, flavonoidni, kumarinski, fenolni, glukozinolati, cianogeni

18
Q

Antrakinonski glikozidi. Nesladkorni del je derivat česa?

A

Antracena

19
Q

Kakšne barve so ANTRANOLI? Kakšne ANTRAKINONI?

A

ANTRANOLI - beli, svetlo rumeni
ANTRAKINONI - rumeni, oranžni, rdeči, temno rdeči, vijoličasti

20
Q

Opiši hidrolizo O-, S- on C- glikozidov

A

O- in S-glikozidi pod vplivom encimov, kislin in baz hidrolizirajo do glikona in aglikona.
C-glikozidi so bolj obstojni in težko hidrolizirajo.

Rastlinske droge (83 decks)

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