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Chemistry AS Unit 2 > Group 2 > Flashcards

Group 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Why don’t some atoms give results in the flame test?

A

They give out light outside the visible spectrum

The Bunsen burner might not provide enough energy

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2
Q

What is a flame photometer?

A

This can be used to measure quantitively the wavelengths given out by ions by analysing the flame produced
It’s much more accurate

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3
Q

Why do group 2 metals become harder to ignite as you go down the group?

A

They form an oxide layer which stops it igniting

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4
Q

What is observed when group 2 metals react with oxygen?

A

A bright white light

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5
Q

What is the general equation for when group 2 metals react with oxygen?

A

2M(s) + O2 (g) –> 2MO (s)

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6
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction between group 2 metals and chlorine?

A

M(s) + Cl2 (g) –> MCl2 (s)

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7
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction between group 2 metals and water?

A

M(s) +2H20 (l) –> M(OH)2 (aq) + H2

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8
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction between group 2 metal oxides and water?

A

MO(s) + H2O (l) –> Mg(OH)2 (aq)

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9
Q

What can be observed when group 2 metals react with water?

A

Turn pH paper alkali
Vigorous effervescence
Magnesium reacts very slowly
Beryllium doesn’t react due to the thick oxide layer

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10
Q

What is the equation for the reaction between magnesium and steam?

A

Mg(s) + H2O (g) –> H2 (g) + MgO (s)

White solid and bright white light

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11
Q

What can be observed when metal oxides react with water?

A

Solid remains, showing not completely soluble
Heat
Alkali solution
Solubility increased down the group

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12
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction between group 2 metal oxide and water?

A

MO(s) + H2O (l) –> Mg(OH)2 (aq)

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13
Q

What causes the colour in the flame test?

A

Excited electrons emit light when they fall to their ground state
Each element has its own characteristic energy levels
Check markscheme

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14
Q

How does solubility change down group 2 nitrates?

A

Decreases

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15
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction between group 2 metal oxides and HCl and nitric acid?

A

MO(s) + 2HCl –> MCl2 (aq) + H2O

MO(s) + 2HNO3 –> M(NO3)2 (aq) + H2O

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16
Q

V

A

Group 2 salts in which the anion has a charge are largely insoluble

17
Q

What is the trend in solubility of group 2 sulphates and hydroxides?

A

Solubility of sulphates decreases down group

Solubility of hydroxides increases

18
Q

How do you test the thermal decomposition of group 2 carbonates?

A

Heat carbonate in boiling tube win delivery tube feeding into test tube of limewater
Record time when limewater BEGINS to go cloudy

19
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction between group 2 metal carbonates decomposing?

A

MCO3(s) –> MO(s) + CO2(g)

20
Q

What is the trend in thermal decomposition of the group 2 nitrates?

A

Become harder to ignite as you go down the group

21
Q

What is observed when the group two nitrates are heated?

A

Solid to liquid
Brown gas given off
White solid eventually produced

22
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction between group 2 metal nitrate decomposing?

A

M(NO3)2 (s) –> MO(s) + 2NO2 (g) + 1/2 O2

23
Q

What is the trend in thermal stability of the metal carbonates? Why?

A

As you go down the group the charge density is reduced
This reduces polarisation/distortion
Of the carbonate electron cloud

Thermal stability of metal carbonates increases down the group

24
Q

What is the trend of solubility of the sulphates?

A

The solubility of the sulphate decreases down the group

25
Q

What is the trend of the solubility of hydroxides in group 2?

A

As you go down the group the solubility of the hydroxides increases

26
Q

What are the trends and thermostability of the cabinets and nitrates down group to

A

Cabinets increase

Nitrates Increase

27
Q

What Is the trend in electronegativity down group 2?

A

Decreases

28
Q

Define the term thermal decomposition

A

Heat causing the substance to break down into more than one product

29
Q

What is the general equation for the thermal decomposition of group 1 nitrates?

A

MNO3 –> NaNO2 + 0.5O2

30
Q

Why do potassium nitrate in calcium nitrate decomposed form different products?

A

Calcium ions have a greater positive charge
Therefore they cause greater distortion
Of the anion

Chemistry AS Unit 2 (13 decks)

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