gynecology Flashcards
(101 cards)
1
Q
bloody nipple discharge
A
intraductal papilloma
2
Q
difference differentielle of breast mass(5)
A
fibrocystic disease fibroadenoma mastitis/abscess fat necrosis breast cance
3
Q
most common breast lesion in women < 30 ans
A
fibroadenoma
4
Q
increased risk of Ca
A
exposure to estrogen
5
Q
case of increase exposure to estrogen(3)
A
early menarche
late menopause
nulliparity
6
Q
localisation of ca sein
A
45% occur in the upper outer quadrant
7
Q
fat diet in ca du sein(2)
A
high fat diet
low fiber diet
8
Q
stage 1 tumor du sein
A
Tumor size < 2 cm
9
Q
Stage II tumor du sein
A
Tumor size 2–5 cm
10
Q
Stage III tumor du sein
A
Axillary node
involvement
11
Q
Stage IV tumor du sein
A
Distant
metastasis
12
Q
Tumor markers for recurrent breast cancer(2)
A
CEA and CA 15-3 or
CA 27-29.
13
Q
Most reliable prognosis factor for breast cancer
A
TNM
14
Q
Behavioral methods of contraception(2)
A
rythm
coitus interruptus
15
Q
barrier methods(4)
A
diaphragm
cervical cap
IUD
condoms
16
Q
quid of rythm
A
Uses body temperature
cervical mucus
consistency to predict time of fertilit
17
Q
side effect of IUD(6)
A
vaginal bleeding uterine perforation, IUD migration, infection ectopic pregnancy risk of PID
18
Q
hormonal methods(3)
A
OCP
prosterone minipills
Depo provera
19
Q
Quid of OCP.s
A
combination of estrogen and progestin
20
Q
action of OCP(3)
A
Suppress ovulation by inhibiting FSH/LH;
change the consistency of cervical mucus
making the endometrium unsuitable for implantation
21
Q
hormonal method which can be used in lactating women(4)
A
depoprovera(DMPA)
progestin mini pills
levonorgestrel
post coital morning after pills
22
Q
infertility in patient taking Depo provera
A
till 10 months
23
Q
ovulation in progestin minipills
A
40 % des cas
24
Q
quid of levonorgestrel(2)
A
norplant
progesterone
25
Absolute contraindications to OCPs
Pregnancy.
■ A history of thromboembolic disorders (past or present).
■ A history of stroke or CAD (past or present).
■ Breast cancer (known or suspected).
■ Undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding.
■ Estrogen-dependent cancer (known or suspected).
■ A benign or malignant tumor of the liver (past or present).
■ Cigarette smoking in women > 35 years of age
26
Absolute contraindications to IUD use
```
Pregnancy.
■ A history of PID.
■ Acute cervical, uterine, or salpingeal infection.
■ Suspected gynecologic malignancy.
■ Undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding.
```
27
quid of Adenomyosis
endometrial tissue in the myometrium that makes
| the uterus symmetrically enlarged and globular
28
endometriosis
growth of endometrium outside the uterus
29
laparoscopy of endometriosis
```
dark brown (“powder-burned”) appearance
blue black (raspberry appearrance)
```
30
secret in rx endometriosis
suppress ovulation 4 -9 months
31
med used in endometriosis
danazol
GNRH analog
OCPs
32
quid of GNRH analog(2)
nafarelin
| leuprolide
33
anatomic abnormalities causing primary amenorrhea(4)
mullerian anomalies
vaginal agenesis
hyperforate hymen
testicular feminisation
34
hormone in anatomic abnormalities causing primary amenorrhea(2)
asherman syndrome
| cervical stenosis
35
ovarian and uterine dysfunction causing primary amenorhea with high FSH(2)
gonadal dysgenesis
| ovarian failure
36
characteristics in testicular feminisation
High LH
37
ovarian and uterine dysfunction with low or normal FSH(2)
constitutionnal development delay
| steroidogenic enzyme defects
38
secondary amenorrhea with high FSH with ovarian or uterine dysfunction
premature ovarian failure
primary hypogonadism before 40
menopause
39
secondary amenorrhea with low or normal FSH in ovarian and uterine dysfunction
PCOS
40
secondary amenorrhea with high BHCG
pregnancy
41
primary amenorrhee with central regulatory disorders
low or normal FSH
42
primary amenorrhee with central regulatory disorders cause(2)
Hypothalamic dysfunction
| primary pituitary dysfunction
43
quid of hypothalamic dysfunction causing primary amenorrhee(6)
```
kallman syndromes
anorexia
stress
excess exercice
weight loss
tumor
```
44
pituaitary dysfunction causing secondary amenorrhea(2)
sheehan
| hyperprolactinemia
45
Menorrhagia(2)
```
increase amount of flow(> 80 ml per cycle)
prolonged bleeding(> 8jrs)
```
46
oligomenorrhea
35 a 90 jours between cycles
47
polymenorhea
cycle < 21 jours
48
metrorragia
bleeding between periods
49
Menometrorrhagia
excessive and iregular bleeding
50
most commoncause f uterine bleeding and amenorrhea
pregnancy
51
quid of menopausal uterine bleeding
vaginal bleeding that occurs > u egal 6 months following the cessation of menstrual function
52
post menopausal bleeding
cancer
53
post menopausal bleeding causes(5)
```
atrophic endometrium
endometrial proliferation and hyperplasia
endometrial ca
cervical ca
prise d'estrogens sans progestins
```
54
hirsutism and virilization with high testo and normal DHEAS
ovarian neoplasm
55
hirsutism and virilization and high DHEAS > 7 Microgram(2)
adrenal tumor
| cushing syndrome
56
hirsutism and virilization with high Testo > 70 ng/dl and high DHEAS but less than 7(3)
PCOS
adrenal hyperplasia
cushing's syndrome
57
hirsutism and virilization with normal DHEAS and normal testo
low end organ sensitivity
58
HAIR-AN syndrome
variant of PCOS
59
symptom of HAIR-An syndrome(3)
hyperandrogenism
insulin resistance
acanthosis nigricans
60
Menopause wreaks HAVOC
```
Hot flashes
Atrophy of the
Vagina
Osteoporosis
Coronary artery disease
```
61
most common cause of infertility
low sperm cunt and motility(40%)
62
Most common localisation of ectopic
ampulla oviduct
63
High BHCG and absence of an intra uterine pregnancy on ultrasound
ectopic pregnancy
64
diagnosis of vaginitis (trichomonas and bacterial vaginitis)
wet prep
65
diagnosis for yeast
KOH
66
Chandelier sign
PID
67
quid of chandelier sign
cervical tenderness motion
68
bacterial vaginosis leukorea(2)
grayish-white
| fishy
69
trichomonas discharge(2)
yellow green
| frothy
70
yeast discharge
cottage cheese texture
71
clue cells
vaginose bacterienne
72
Azole during pregnancy
no azole in pregnant women
73
HPV serotype
type 16 18 31
74
most common cause of death in cervical cancer
uremia
75
uterine mass continues to grow after menopause
rule out malignancy
76
Bethesda system
Mild dysplasia=CIN1=low garde SIL
77
Bethesda system in CIN 2
Moderate dysplasia=High grade SIL
78
Bethesda system in CIN 3
severe dysplasia=high grade dysplasia
79
Bethesda system in CIN 3 carcinome in situ
High grade HSIL
80
Invasive cancer in Dysplasia and CIN system
invasive ca
81
CIN 1 rx
Pap smear and colposcopy every 3-4 months for one year
82
CIN 2 et 3 exocervix
laser or
| Cryotherapy
83
CIN 2 et 3 endocervix rx(2)
Conisation with loop electrosurgical excision procedure
| cold knife biopsy
84
palpable adnexal in a premenarchal or postmenopausal patient
ovarian neoplasm
85
Marker for ovarian tumor epithelial
CA-125
86
endodermal sinus ovarian tumor marker
AFP
87
Embryonal carcinoma ovarian tumor (2)
AFP
| HCG
88
choriocarcinoma tumor marker
HCG
89
Dysgerminoma ovarian tumor marker
LDH
90
urinary incontinence without specific urogenital pathology
```
DIAPPERS
Delirium/confusionnal state
Infection
Atrophic vaginitis/uretritis
Pharmaceutical
Psychiatric causes
Excessive urinary output
Restricted mobility
stool impaction
```
91
cause of excessive urinary output(3)
hyperglycemia
hypercalcemia
CHF
92
4 types of incontinence
total
stress
urge
overflow
93
quid of stress incontinence(2)
uncontrolled loss at all times
| in all positions
94
cause of stress incontinence
pelvic flow weakness
95
Urge incontinence
preceded by a strong unexpected urge to void
96
cause of urge incontinence
detrusor hyperreflexia
| sphincter dysfunction
97
disease with urge incontinence(2)
inflammatory conditions
| neurogenic bladder disorder
98
rx of urge incontinence
anticholinergic medication
99
overflow incontinence
seen in patient with chronic urinary retention
100
etiologies of overflow incontinence(4)
tumor
strictures
neurologic factors
medications
101
cause of urge incontinence(4)
cystitis
stone
tumor
CNS causes
