Haematological System

Question 1

What is the function of the haematological

system?

Answer 1

Deliver substance for Cellular
Metabolism,

Remove waste,

Defend against Micro-organisms and injury,

maintain acid-base balance

Cellular components
Erythrocytes
 Most abundant cell in the body
 Responsible for tissue oxygenation
 Biconcavity and reversible deformity
 120-day life cycle

Question 2

what is the blood made of?

Answer 2

Composition of blood
➢ 90% water and 10% solutes
➢ 5.5L
➢ pH 7.35-7.45
➢ Plasma
• 50–55% of the blood volume
• Organic and inorganic elements

Question 3

What are some plasma proteins?

Answer 3

• Albumins
 Carriers and control the plasma oncotic pressure
• Globulins
 Carrier proteins and immunoglobulins (antibodies)
• Clotting factors
 Mainly Fibrinogen

Question 4

What are Leucocytes?

Answer 4

Leucocytes (white blood cells)

• Defend the body against infection and remove debris

Question 5

what are Granulocytes?

Answer 5

Neutrophils
• Phagocytes in early inflammation
• Granulocytes
 Membrane-bound granules in their cytoplasm
 Granules contain enzymes capable of destroying microorganisms
 Inflammatory and immune functions
 Capable of amoeboid movement (diapedesis)

Question 6

what are Eosinophils

Answer 6

• Eosinophils ingest antigen-antibody complexes
• Induced by IgE hypersensitivity
• Attack parasites

Question 7

what are Basophils

Answer 7

Structurally and functionally similar to mast cells
• Cytoplasmic granules contain vasoactive amines
- Histamine

Question 8

what are mast cells

Answer 8

Inflammatory process

• Contain histamine and heparin

Question 9

what is Agranulocytes

Answer 9

➢ Monocytes and macrophages make up the
mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS)
➢ Monocytes
➢ Macrophages
➢ Lymphocytes
➢ Natural killer (NK) cells

Question 10

what are platelets

Answer 10

Disc-shaped cytoplasmic fragments of
megakaryocytes
➢ Essential for blood coagulation and control of
bleeding
➢ Survive for 10 days