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PLE Anatomy > Hand Anatomy > Flashcards

Hand Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Flexor Tendon Zones

A 
I: Distal to FDS insertion
II: Finger flexor retinaculum
III: Palm
IV: Carpal tunnel
V: Wrist and forearm
Thumb 1: distal to FPL
Thumb 2: Thumb flexor retinaculum
Thumb 3: Thenar eminence
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2
Q

Extensor Tendon Zones

A 
I: DIP
II: Middle phalanx
III: PIP
IV: proximal phalanx
V: MCP joint
VI: Metacarpal
VII: Dorsal retinaculum
VIII: Distal forearm
IX: Proximal forearm
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3
Q

What type of joint is carpometacarpal joint?

A

Thumb CMC: Saddle joint

Finger CMC: Gliding joints

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4
Q

What type of joint is metacarpophalangeal joint?

A

Diarthrodial joint

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5
Q

What type of joints are proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints?

A

Hinge joints

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6
Q

Ligament involved in Dupuytren’s disease/nodules

A

Grayson’s ligament

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7
Q

Space in the hand between flexor tendon and adductor pollicis

A

Thenar space

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8
Q

Space in the hand between flexor tendon and metacarpals

A

Midpalmar space

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9
Q

Space in the hand that is the proximal extension of FPL sheath

A

radial bursa

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10
Q

Space in the hand that communicates with small finger FDS/FDP flexor tendon sheath

A

ulnar bursa

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11
Q

Hand findings in rheumatoid arthritis

A

Boutonniere deformity, swan neck deformity, ulnar drift

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12
Q

Hand findings in osteoarthritis

A

Heberden’s nodes - DIP

Bouchard’s nodes - PIP

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13
Q

Disease where patient is unable to extend affected finger. Can be extended passively and extension occurs with distinct and painful snapping action

A

Stenosing tenosynovitis (trigger finger)

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14
Q

Most commonly involve flexion contracture of 4th and 5th finger, with palpable fascial nodules near flexion crease of palm at base of involved fingers with cordlike formations extending to proximal palm

A

Dupuytren’s contractures

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15
Q

What nerve is weak when Froment’s sign is tested positive?

A

Ulnar nerve

Froment’s test - pinch a piece of paper between the thumb and index finger

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16
Q

Primary muscle in opposition of the fingers

A

Abductor pollicis brevis

17
Q

Muscles of the thenar compartment

A

Abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis

18
Q

Muscles of the hypothenar conp

A

Palmaris brevis
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Opponens digiti minimi

19
Q

Only muscles in the body to insert on their own antagonist

A

Lumbricals (connects to the flexor digitorum profundus versus its action of extension)

20
Q

Interossei involved in abduction and is bipennate (each belly has separate insertion)

A

Dorsal interossei

21
Q

Interossei involved in adduction and is unipennate

A

Palmar interossei

22
Q

Arterial palmar arch mainly supplying the hands/fingers. Dominant 2/3 of the time. Complete 80% of the time

A

Superficial palmar arch

23
Q

Relationship of arteries and nerves in the palms and fingers

A

Palm: Artery volar to the nerves
Fingers: Artery dorsal to the nerves

24
Q

Failure of differentiation of finger tissue

A

Syndactyly

25
Q

Congenital finger flexion anomaly, usually involving PIP joint of little finger

A

Camptodactyly

26
Q

Deviation of finger in coronal plane with radial deviation of small finger
Classic finding: delta shaped middle phalanx

A

Clinodactyly

27
Q

Syndrome where constrictive bands lead to digit necrosis or diminished growht/development

A

Constriction band syndrome

28
Q

Idiopathic condition characterized by intermittent bilateral attacks of ischemia of the fingers with cyanosis, paresthesia, and pain

A

Raynaud phenomenon

29
Q

Venous network that gives rise to cephalic and basilic vein

A

Dorsal venous network

30
Q

Venous network that gives rise to median antebrachial vein

A

Palmar venous network

31
Q

Thenar muscles

A

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

32
Q

Hypothenar muscles

A

Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi

33
Q

Classic finding of median nerve lesion when hand is at rest

A

Ape hand

34
Q

Branch of the median nerve usually affected in superficial laceration of the hand, causing immobilized thumb but normal sensation

A

Recurrent branch of the medial nerve

PLE Anatomy (8 decks)

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