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Head Flashcards

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1
Q

Excluding the auditory ossicles, how many bones form the skull?

A

22 bones

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2
Q

How many bones form the neurocranium?

A

8 bones

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3
Q

What bones form the neurocranium?

A 
Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
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4
Q

How many bones form the facial skeleton?

A

14 bones

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5
Q

What bones form the facial skeleton?

A 
Mandible
Vomer
Nasal
Maxilla
Lacrimal
Inferior nasal concha
Palatine
Zygomatic
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6
Q

What are the four subclassifications of synarthrosis joints joints based on Latin groupings?

A

Suture
Gomphosis
Schindylesis
Syndesmosis

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7
Q

What were the five types of suture based on Latin groupings?

A 
Serrate
Denticulate
Limbous
Squamous
Harmonia
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8
Q

What are the characteristics of sutura vera (true sutures)?

A

Sutures demonstrating interlocking of the adjacent bone surfaces; typically formed by intramembranous ossification

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of sutura notha (false sutures)?

A

Sutures lacking interlocking of adjacent bone surfaces; typically formed by endochondral ossification

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10
Q

What were the ossifications of sutura vera (true sutures) based on Latin groupings?

A

Serrate
Denticulate
Limbous

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11
Q

What were the classifications of sutura notha (false sutures) based on Latin groupings?

A

Squamous

Harmonia

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12
Q

What are the typical examples of the plane suture or harmonia suture?

A

Cruciate suture made of the intermaxillary, interpalatine, palato-maxillary sutures

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13
Q

What are the typical examples of the plane suture or harmonia suture?

A

Sphenoid-ethmoid-vomer articulation

Palatine-maxila-vomer articulation

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14
Q

What are the examples of the gomphosis joint?

A

Maxilla - root of tooth

Mandible - root of tooth

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15
Q

What are the five views of the skull called?

A 
Norma verticalis
Norma frontalis
Norma occiptalis
Norma lateralis
Norma basalis
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16
Q

What is the diamond shaped remnant of developing membrane bone at the intersection of the frontal bone with both parietal bones?

A

Anterior fontanelle

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17
Q

What is the posterior fontanelle?

A

Diamond shaped remnant of developing membrane bone at the intersection of the occipital bone with both parietal bones

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18
Q

What is the diamond shaped remnant of developing membrane bone at the intersection of the occipital bone with both parietal bones?

A

Posterior fontanelle

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19
Q

What is the name given to the outline of the nasal cavity at the front of the skull?

A

Piriform aperture

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20
Q

What is the name given to the alveolar jugum of the canine tooth in the maxilla?

A

Canine eminence

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21
Q

What forms the bullet-like chin?

A

Large mental protuberance

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22
Q

What forms the indented chin?

A

Well developed bilateral mental tubercles

Slight mental protuberance

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23
Q

What is the tip of the external occipital protuberance called?

A

Inion

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24
Q

What bones form the pterion?

A

Parietal
Temporal
Sphenoid
Frontal

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25
What points on the skull are used to measure the skull size?
Nasion Vertex Inion Gnathion
26
What points on the skull are used to measure cranial vault capacity?
Nasion Vertex Inion
27
The olfactory nerve exits the cranial vault via what opening?
Cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
28
What passes through the formen cecum?
Emissary vein
29
What is the anterior boundary of the middle cranial fossa?
Lesser wings of sphenoid Anterior clinoid processes of sphenoid Sphenoidal jugum of sphenoid
30
What are the parts of the sella turcica?
``` Anterior clinoid processes of sphenoid Sphenoidal jugum of sphenoid Posterior clinoid processes of sphenoid Dorsum sella of sphenoid Hypophyseal fossa of sphenoid ```
31
What neuronal structure is located in front of the hypophysis cerebri or pituitary?
Optic chiasmata
32
What are the contents of the optic canal?
Optic nerve | Ophthalmic arerty
33
What are the contents of the superior orbital fissure?
``` Ophthalmic veins Oculomotor nerve Trochlear nerve Ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve Abducent nerve ```
34
Which single opening will allow the exit of the greatest number of cranial nerves?
Superior orbital fissure
35
What are the contents of the foramen rotundum?
Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve Vb)
36
What will the foramen ovale communicate with?
Middle cranial fossa | Infratemporal region
37
What are the contents of the foramen ovale?
Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve (Vc) | Lesser petrosal branch of glossopharyngeal nerve
38
What will the foramen spinosum communicate with?
Middle cranial fossa | Infratemporal region
39
What are the contents of the foramen spinosum?
Nervus spinosus from mandibular division of trigeminal nerve | Middle meningeal artery
40
What will the foramen lacerum communicate with in the living person?
Crosses between parts of the middle cranial fossa; not a major exit from the skull
41
What are the contents of the foramen lacerum?
Internal cartotid artery Carotid sympathetic nerve plexus Venous plexus
42
What are the contents of the hiatus for the greater (superifical) petrosal nerve?
Greater (superficial) petrosal nerve branch of facial nerve
43
What will the vidian cana/pterygoid canal communicate with?
Middle cranial fossa | Pterygopalatine fossa
44
What opening allows a branch of cranial nerve VII to enter the pterygopalatine fossa from the middle cranial fossa?
Vidian canal/pterygoid canal
45
What are the contents of the hiatus for the lesser petrosal nerve?
Lesser petrosal nerve branch of the tympanic plexus from the glossopharyngeal nerve
46
How will the lesser petrosal nerve typically exit the middle cranial fossa?
Foramen ovale
47
What will the foramen ovale communicate with?
Middle cranial fossa | Infratemporal region
48
What forms the roof of the posterior cranial fossa?
Tentorium cerebelli
49
What part of the cerebellum occupies the posterior cranial fossa?
None; the tentorium cerebelli separates the cerebelllum into a space above the posterior cranial fossa
50
What part of the central nerve system occupies the posterior cranial fossa?
Cerebellum Pons Medulla oblongata
51
What are the contents of the internal acoustic meatus?
Cranial nerves VII (facial) & VIII (vestibulocochlear) Nervus intermedius nerve of Wrisberg/sensory root of VII and motor root of VII Vestibular & cochlear root of VIII Internal auditory/internal labyrinthine artery and vein
52
What are the contents of the jugular foramen?
Jugular bulb Inferior petrosal sinus Tympanic body/tympanic glomus or jugular body/jugular glomus Cranial nerves IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus), XI (spinal accessory)
53
What is the jugular bulb?
Venous expansion between the sigmoid dural venous sinus and the internal jugular vein
54
What is the function of the jugular body/jugular glomus?
Chemoreceptive organ that monitors hypoxia, hypercapnia and increases hydrogen ions
55
What will the hypoglossal canal communicate with?
Posterior cranial fossa | Neck
56
What can the five layers of the scalp spell?
``` Skin Connective tissue Aponeurosis Loose connective tissue Periosteum ```
57
What are the principal sources of blood to the scalp?
Internal carotid artery branches | External carotid artery branches
58
Which divisions of the trigeminal nerve receive sensory information from the scalp?
Ophthalmic nerve Maxillary nerve Mandibular nerve
59
Which ventral rami nerves and cord levels or origin supply the scalp?
Greater auricular nerve - C2 & C3 ventral rami branches | Lesser occipital nerve - C2 (C3) ventral rami branches
60
Which dorsal ramus nerve branch supplies the scalp?
Greater occipital nerve - C2 & C3 communicating ramus
61
Which muscles lack any attachment to bone?
Orbicularis oris Procerus Risorius
62
What type of motor fibers to skeletal muscle are given off by the facial nerve?
Branchial efferent (BE)
63
Most of the seventh cranial will exit the skull via what opening?
Stylomastoid foramen
64
Which divisions of the trigeminal nerve receive sensory information from the face?
Ophthalmic nerve Maxillary nerve Mandibular nerve
65
The optic canal is located along which wall of the orbit?
Superior wall of the orbit
66
What are the contents of the optic canal?
Optic nerve | Ophthalmic artery
67
What are the openings located along the medial wall of the orbit?
Anterior ethmoid foramen | Posterior ethmoid foramen
68
What is the name given to the medial wall of the orbit?
Lamina papyracea
69
The superior orbital fissure is located along which wall of the orbit?
Superior orbital fissure
70
What are the contents of the superior orbital fissure?
``` Oculomotor nerve Trochlear nerve Abducent nerve Ophthalmic division of trigeminal Ophthalmic veins ```
71
What openings are located along the inferior wall of the orbit?
Inferior orbital fissure
72
What is contained in the inferior orbital fissure?
Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve
73
Identify the openings found along each wall of the orbit.
Superior wall = optic canal Medial wall = anterior & posterior ethmoid foramen Lateral wall = superior orbital fissure Inferior wall = inferior orbital fissure

Spinal Anatomy (19 decks)

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