Heart AHS1

Question 1

Where is the heart skeleton located?

Answer 1

Between the atria and the ventricles

Question 2

What is the function of the heart skeleton?

Answer 2

Electrical insulation

Supports valves and surrounding muscles

Question 3

What is the splanchnic bone in ruminants hearts?

Answer 3

Ossa cordis

Question 4

What is the name for heart grooves?

Answer 4

Sulci

Question 5

What is the name of the groove that divides the ventricles under the left auricle?

Answer 5

Left interventricular groove

Paraconal groove

Question 6

What is the name of the groove that circles the heart?

Answer 6

Coronary groove

Question 7

What is the name of the smaller groove on the right hand side?

Answer 7

Right interventricular groove

Subsinuosal groove

Question 8

How can you tell it’s the left side of the heart?

Answer 8

You can see both auracles
The aorta is going caudally
You can see the cone shaped exit of the right ventricle

Question 9

What is the ligament that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta?

Answer 9

Ligamentum arteriosum

Question 10

What is the connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta called when its in a foetus? What is its function?

Answer 10

Ductus arteriosus

Bypasses the lungs

Question 11

Where do the pulmonary veins drain into?

Answer 11

The left atrium

Question 12

What is the muscle that makes up auricles?

Answer 12

Pectinate muscle

Question 13

What is the coronary sinus and where is it located?

Answer 13

It drains the coronary veins from the heart wall

It is located in the right atrium

Question 14

What is the name of the triangle directing blood flow down to atria and where is it located?

Answer 14

Intervenous tubercle

Located where the cranial and caudal vena cava are opposite each other so reduces turbulence

Question 15

What is the name of the hole in the heart in a foetus? What is its function?

Answer 15

The foramen ovale

Allows better blood flow due to not going to the lungs

Question 16

What is the name of the hole in the heart once it has closed up?

Answer 16

Fossa ovalis

Question 17

What is the name of the right AV valve?

Answer 17

Tricuspid

3 cusps

Question 18

What is the name of the left AV valve?

Answer 18

Bicuspid

2 cusps

Question 19

What are the heart strings called?

Answer 19

Chordae tendinae

Question 20

What are the cusps made from?

Answer 20

Folds in the endocardium

Question 21

What are the muscles that connect to the heart strings called?

Answer 21

Papillary muscles

Question 22

What is the papillary muscles function?

Answer 22

They prevent the valves from inverting

Question 23

What are the muscular ridges on the ventricle walls called?

Answer 23

Trabeculae carnae

Question 24

What are the thin strings of muscle across the ventricles called? Where are they mainly found?

Answer 24

Trabeculae septomarginalis

Right ventricle

Question 25

What is the function of trabeculae spetomarginalis?

Answer 25

Shortcut for action potentials to make sure that all parts of the ventricle contract at the same time

Question 26

What is the cone shaped exit to the pulmonary trunk called?

Answer 26

Conus arteriosus

Question 27

What is the valve at the exit to the pulmonary trunk in the right ventricle called? How many cusps does it have?

Answer 27

The pulmonary valve Semilunar valve 3 cusps

Question 28

What is the difference between the actions of the left and right ventricles?

Answer 28

Right has a bellows action whereas the left has a circular squeezing action

Question 29

What is the valve called going into the aorta form the left ventricle?

Answer 29

Aortic valve Semilunar valve 3 cusps

Question 30

What is it called when the coronary arteries are blocked?

Answer 30

Myocardial infarction

Question 31

Where does the right coronary artery arise?

Answer 31

Above the cranial cusp of the aortic valve

Question 32

Where does the left coronary artery arise?

Answer 32

Above the caudal sinistral (left) cusp of the aortic valve

Question 33

What does the left coronary artery split into?

Answer 33

The left interventricular (paraconal) branch which goes down the " groove. The circumflex branch which travels around in the coronary groove. It goes down the right interventricular groove in dogs and ruminants.

Question 34

What does the left coronary artery go under?

Answer 34

The left auricle

Question 35

What does the right coronary artery do?

Answer 35

Goes around heart to supply the right atrium and the SAN | Very important - artery of sudden death

Question 36

What are the species differences in the right coronary artery?

Answer 36

The dog and ruminant is short | The pig and horse goes down the right interventricular groove

Question 37

What is the name of the vein in the left interventricular (paraconal) groove?

Answer 37

Great cardiac vein

Question 38

What drains the coronary veins?

Answer 38

Coronary sinus

Question 39

What is the name of the vein which is in the right interventricular (subsinosal) groove?

Answer 39

Middle cardiac vein

Question 40

What is the arterial supply to the diaphragm?

Answer 40

Musculo-phrenic artery | Comes from the internal thoracic artery

Question 41

What veins drain the diaphragm?

Answer 41

Phrenic veins

Question 42

What nerve supplies the diaphragm?

Answer 42

Phrenic nerve

Question 43

What are the 3 main holes in the diaphragm?

Answer 43

Aortic hiatus Oesophageal hiatus Caval foramen

Question 44

What comes through the aortic hiatus?

Answer 44

Aorta Azygous vein Cisterna chyli - lymphatic

Question 45

What comes through the oesophageal hiatus?

Answer 45

Oesophagus | Dorsal and ventral vagus trunks of the vagus nerve

Question 46

What comes through the caval foramen?

Answer 46

Caudal vena cava

Question 47

What also attach to the diaphragm?

Answer 47

The left and right phrenic nerves