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Oral Pathology > Hematologic Disorders > Flashcards

Hematologic Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

A general term for a decrease in volume of RBCs or in the concentration of hemoglobin is called?

A

Anemia

*determined by hematocrit (volume of RBCs)

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2
Q

What are three underlying diseases that anemia can be a sign of?

A

1-Chronic inflammatory conditions
2-Malignancies
3-Vitamin or mineral deficiencies

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3
Q

Due to the reduced oxygen carrying capacity of the blood in anemia, what are 4 general symptoms?

A

1-Tiredness
2-Headache
3-Fainting/feeling lightheaded
4-Palor (pale)

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4
Q

What are three oral symptoms that depend on the type of anemia the patient has?

A

1-Bald tongue
2-Burning tongue (glossopyrosis)
3-Painful tongue (glossodynia)

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5
Q

Decreased number of circulating blood platelets resulting in abnormal bleeding is called?

A

Thrombocytopenia

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6
Q

What is a normal platelet count and how low does it get when clinical evidence of thrombocytopenia is seem?

A
  • Normal: 200,000-400,000/mm3

- Low: under 100,000/mm3

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7
Q

What 3 oral manifestations are typical of thrombocytopenia?

A

1-Petechiae (ecchymosis if large)
2-Spontaneous gingival hemorrhage
3-Bleeding from minor sites of trauma

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8
Q

Idiopathic (immune) thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) occurs in ________ after a viral infection.

A

Childhood

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9
Q

TTP is a serious disorder of coagulation and is probably due to __________

A

Endothelial damage

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10
Q

Enlarged lymphoid tissue, typically due to infection affecting waldeyer’s ring is called?

A

Lymphoid hyperplasia

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11
Q

When granulocytes are absent the condition is called?

A

Agranulocytosis

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12
Q

What are the two types of agranulocytosis?

A
  • Neutropenia (decrease neutrophils)

- Lymphopenia (decrease lymphocytes)

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13
Q

hematopoietic stem cell malignancies are termed?

A

Leukemia

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14
Q

What are the four main types of leukemia?

A

1-Acute myeloid leukemia
2-Chronic myeloid leukemia
3-Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
4-Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

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15
Q

Chronic myeloid leukemia has translocation where?

A

Between chromosome 9 and 22 (philadelphia chromosome)

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16
Q

Which Leukemia is one of the more common childhood malignancies?

A

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

17
Q

What is the most common type of leukemia?

A

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

*occurs in adults

18
Q

How do leukemic cells feel when they infiltrate oral soft tissue?

A

Boggy

*Termed a granulocytic sarcoma

19
Q

With more than half of patients being younger than 15, what disease has sharp (punched out) radiolucencies with extensive alveolar bone involvement with teeth “floating in air”?

A

Langerhan Cell Histiocytosis

*resembles severe periodontitis

20
Q

A malignant lymphoproliferative disorder in whicn 1-3% of the cells are Reed-Stemberg cells (owl eye bi nucleation) associated with EBV is called?

A

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

21
Q

AKA Lymphoma, what condition usually arise within lymph nodes and grow as solid mass?

A

Non-hodgkins lymphoma

22
Q

What are 3 places non-hodgkins lymphoma swellings may appear in the oral cavity?

A

1-Posterior hard palate
2-Gingiva
3-Buccal vestibule

*Boggy feel

23
Q

What is the most common type of lymphoma of the oral cavity?

A

Diffuse Large B Cell (DLBCL)

24
Q

What is the most common cutaneous lymphoma which resembles a fungal infection?

A

Mycosis Fungoides

25
Q

An aggressive expression of mycosis fungoides that represents dermatopathic T-cell leukemia is called?

A

Sezary Syndrome

26
Q

A propensity to invade the epidermis of the skin is called?

A

Epidermotropism

27
Q

In association with Mycosis Fungoides, What are atypical lymphocytes that form small intraepithelial aggregates called?

A

Pautrier’s microabscesses

28
Q

A malignancy of B-cell origin with predilection for the jaws with a 90% correlation with EBV and “Starry-sky” histological appearance is called?

A

Burkitt’s Lymphoma

*Often termed African Burkitt’s lymphoma. Ave. age is 7 years old.

29
Q

How does American Burkitt’s lymphoma typically appear?

A

Abdominal mass

30
Q

AKA angiocentric T-cell lymphoma, What condition has a necrotic ulceration usually on the midline of the palate that may enlarge and destroy the palatal tissues?

A

NK/T-cell lymphoma

31
Q

What disease is a malignancy of Plasma cell origin and has well-defined punched out radiolucencies especially on a skull film?

A

Multiple Myeloma

32
Q

What is the most common hematologic malignancy of African Americans?

A

Multiple Myeloma

33
Q

What are the proteins found in the urine of multiple myeloma patients called?

A

Bence Jones Proteins

34
Q

Unifocal, monoclonal neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells is called?

A

Plasmacytoma

Oral Pathology (18 decks)

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