Hematopoietic growth factors

Question 1

Hematopoietic growth factors - 1 group + 3 drugs

Answer 1

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs)
Filgrastim
Pegfilgrastim
Sargramostim

Question 2

ESAs - 3 drugs

Answer 2

Epoetin alfa
Darbepoetin alfa
Epoetin beta

Question 3

ESAs - MOA

Answer 3

Act as erythropoietin.

Question 4

ESAs - indications

Answer 4

Anemia by chronic renal failure.
Epoetin alfa + darbepoetin: anemia from chemotherapy (not myeloid malignancies).
Epoetin alfa: anemia by zidovudine treatment (HIV), surgery (reduce need for blood transfusions).

Question 5

ESAs are adm with..

Answer 5

Iron supplements

Question 6

ESAs - adverse effects

Answer 6

High doses: Risk of hypertension, stroke, MI, heart failure, death.
Enhances tumor progression.
Shorter survival in breast, non-small cell lung, head, neck, lymphoid and cervical cancers.
Should be given only when hemoglobin is less than 10 g/dL.

Question 7

Filgrastim, pegfilgrastim and sargramostim - classification

Answer 7

Filgrastim: Recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
Pegfilgrastim: Recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with increased half-life.
Sargramostim: Recombinant granulocyte-macrophage CSF

Question 8

Filgrastim - indications

Answer 8

Neutropenia ass with cancer chemotherapy/bone marrow transplantation.
Aplastic anemia.
Hairy cell leukemia.
Myelodysplasia.
Drug-induced/congenital agranulocytosis.

Question 9

Sargramostim - indications

Answer 9

Neutropenia ass with cancer chemotherapy/bone marrow transplantation.
Lymphoma.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Hodgkin lymphoma.
Severe chronic neutropenia