Hindlimb Muscles Flashcards
(128 cards)
1
Q
Biceps Femoris Origin
A
ischiatic tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament
2
Q
Biceps Femoris Terminationq
A
patella, tibia, and tuber calcanei
3
Q
Biceps Femoris Action
A
extend coxal joint, variable action in genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint
4
Q
Semitendinosus Origin
A
ischiatic tuberosity
5
Q
Semitendinosus Termination
A
tibia and tuber calcanei
6
Q
Semitendinosus Action
A
extend the coxal joint, variable action of the genual joint, extend the tarsocrural joint
7
Q
Caudal Muscles of the Thigh
A
biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus
8
Q
Medial Muscles of the Thigh
A
sartorius, gracilis, pectineus, adductor
9
Q
Sartorius Origin
A
crest of ilium
10
Q
Sartorius Termination
A
medial aspect of the genual region
11
Q
Sartorius Action
A
flex the coxal joint, extend or flex the genual joint
12
Q
Gracilis Origin
A
pelvic symphysis
13
Q
Gracilis Termination
A
medial aspect of the genual region and tuber calcanei
14
Q
Gracilis Action
A
adduct the limb, extend the coxal joint, flex the genual joint, extend the tarsocrural joint
15
Q
Pectineus Origin
A
iliopubic eminence
16
Q
Pectineus Termination
A
distal body of femur
17
Q
Pectineus Action
A
adduct the limb
18
Q
Adductor Origin
A
ventral surface of os coxae
19
Q
Adductor Termination
A
caudal surface of femur
20
Q
Adductor Action
A
adduct limb and extend coxal joint
21
Q
Lateral Muscles of the Pelvis
A
Tensor fasciae latae, superficial gluteal, middle gluteal, piriformis, deep gluteal, articularis coxa
22
Q
Tensor Fascia Latae Origin
A
tuber coxae
23
Q
Tensor Fasciae Latae Termination
A
fascia lata
24
Q
Tensor Fasciae Lattae Action
A
tense the fascia
25
Superficial Gluteal Origin
sacrotuberous ligament
26
Superficial Gluteal Action
abduct the limb
27
Middle Gluteal Origin
gluteal surface of the ilium
28
Middle Gluteal Termination
greater trochanter of the femur
29
Middle Gluteal Action
extend the coxal joint, abduct the limb
30
Piriformis Origin
sacrum and first caudal vertebra
31
Piriformis Termination
greater trochanter
32
Piriformis Action
extend the coxal join, abduct the limb
33
Deep Gluteal Origin
body of ilium and ischiatic spine
34
Deep Gluteal Termination
greater trochanter
35
Deep Gluteal Action
extend the coxal joint
36
Articularis Coxa
surgical landmark to lateral approach to coxal joint
37
Caudal Hip Muscles
external obturator, internal obturator, gemelli, quadratus femoris
38
Internal Obturator Origin
dorsal aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen
39
Internal Obturator Termination
trochanteric fossa
40
Internal Obturator Action
rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint
41
Quadratus Femoris Origin
ventral aspect of the ischium
42
Quadratus Femoris Termination
caudal femur near the trochanteric fossa
43
Quadratus Femoris Action
extend coxal joint, adduct and/or rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint
44
External Obturator Origin
ventral aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen
45
External Obturator Termination
trochanteric fossa
46
External Obturator Action
adduct and/or rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint
47
Cranial Muscles of the Thigh
quadriceps femoris, iliopsoas,
48
Quadriceps Femoris Origin
rectus femoris- ilium
| all other head- proximal femur
49
Quadriceps Femoris Termination
tibial tuberosity
50
Quadriceps Femoris Action
flex the coxal joint
51
Iliopsoas Origin
ilium and lumbar vertebrae
52
Iliopsoas Termination
lesser trochanter
53
Iliopsoas Action
flex the coxal joint
54
Tensor Fasciae Latae Origin
tuber coxae
55
Tensor Fasciae Latae Termination
fascia lata
56
Tensor Fasciae Latae Action
tense the fascia lata
57
Semimembranosus Origin
ischiatic tuberosity
58
Semimembranosus Termination
distal femur and proximal tibia
59
Semimembranosus Action
extend coxal joint, extend or flex genual joint
60
What is the agonist of the Biceps Femoris?
semitendinosus
61
What is the agonist of the semitendinosus?
biceps femoris
62
What muscles is the semimembranosus a partial agonist of?
biceps femoris and semitendinosus
63
What are the borders of the femoral triangle?
caudal belly of the sartorius and pectineus
64
Cranial Muscles of the Thigh
quadriceps femoris, iliopsoas
65
Craniolateral Muscles of Crus
cranial tibial, long digital extensor, lateral digital extensor, fibularis longus
66
Cranial Tibial Origin
lateral aspect of proximal tibia
67
Cranial Tibial Termination
plantar base of metatarsal bones 1 and 2
68
Cranial Tibial Action
flex the tarsocrural joint
69
Long Digital Extensor Origin
extensor fossa of femur
70
Long Digital Extensor Termination
extensor processes of distal phalanges
71
Long Digital Extensor Action
extend genual joint, flex the tarsocrural joint, extend the digital joints
72
Lateral Digital Extensor Origin
proximal aspect of fibula
73
Lateral Digital Extensor Termination
lateral digits
74
Lateral Digital Extensor Action
flex the tarsocrural joint, extend the digital joints of the lateral most digits
75
Fibularis Longus Origin
lateral collateral ligament of the genual joint
76
Fibularis Longus Termination
fourth tarsal bone and plantar base of metatarsal bones
77
Fibularis Longus Action
flex the tarsocrural joint
78
The Long Digital Extensor crosses what joint?
genual joint
79
what is the agonist of the cranial tibial?
fibularis longus
80
What is the agonist of the fibularis longus?
cranial tibial
81
What is the partial agonist of the lateral digital extensor?
Long Digital Extensor
82
Caudal Muscles of Crus
gastrocnemius, SDF, DDF, popliteus
83
Gastrocnemius Origin
distal caudal femur
84
Gastrocnemius Termination
calcaneus
85
Gastrocnemius Action
flex the genual joint, extend the tarsocrural joint
86
SDF Origin
lateral supracondylar tuberosity of femur
87
SDF Termination
calcaneus and bases of middle phalanges
88
SDF Action
flex genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint, flex metatarsophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints
89
DDF Origin
proximal caudal aspect of tibia and fibula
90
DDF Termination
calcaneus and bases of middle phalanges
91
DDF Action
extend tarsocrural joint, flex digital joints
92
Popliteus Origin
popliteal fossa of the femur
93
Popliteus Termination
proximal caudal aspect of tibia
94
Popliteus Action
flex the genual joint
95
What muscles terminate in the calcaneus and form the common calcaneal tendon?
gracilis, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, SDF, and gastrocnemius
96
What are the two main muscles that form the common calcaneal tendon?
SDF and Gracilis
97
What are the muscle grouping of the pelvic limb?
1. Lateral muscles of the hip
2. Caudal muscles of the hip
3. Caudal muscles of the thigh
4. medial muscles of the thigh
5. cranial muscles of the thigh
6. craniolateral muscles of the crus
7. caudal muscles of the crus
98
What muscles form the boundaries of the femoral triangle?
caudal belly of the sartorius, pectineus, iliopsoas, rectus femoris, and vastus medialis
99
What vessels are found in the femoral triangle?
femoral artery and vein
100
What are the sacrotuberous ligament attachments?
sacrum and ischiatic tuberosity
101
What muscles originate from the sacrotuberous ligament?
superficial gluteal and biceps femoris
102
Functions of the patella
1. protection of the tendon and the joint
| 2. redirection of the tendon of insertion of the quadriceps
103
Crural Extensor Retinaculum Location
stretches obliquely from the distal third of the fibula to the medial malleolus of the tibia
104
What tendons does the crural extensor retinaculum hold down?
long digital extensor and cranial tibial
105
Tarsal Extensor Retinaculum Location
calcaneus
106
What tendon doe the tarsal extensor retinaculum hold down?
long digital extensor
107
Flexor Retinaculum Location
medial to the tuber calcanei
108
What tendon does the flexor retinaculum hold down?
lateral digital flexor and medial digital flexor
109
Identify the 2 ligaments associated with the coxal joint
ligament of the femoral head, transverse acetabular ligament
110
Ligament of the Femoral Head attachments
acetabular fossa to fovea capitis
111
Ligament of the Femoral Head Function
Limit flexion and abduction of femur
112
Transverse Acetabular Ligament Attachments
from one side of the acetabular notch to the opposite side
113
Transverse Acetabular Ligament Function
prevents inferior displacement of head of femur
114
What muscles abduct the pelvic limb?
Superficial gluteal, middle gluteal (and extend coxal joint), middle gluteal (and extend coxal joint)
115
What is the agonist of the middle gluteal?
deep gluteal
116
What muscles terminate at the greater trochanter of the femur?
middle gluteal, piriformis, deep gluteal
117
What muscles extend the coxal joint?
1. middle gluteal (and abduct limb)
2. piriformis
3. Deep gluteal (and abduct limb)
4. Quadratus femoris (and adduct/rotate limb laterally at coxal joint
5. biceps femoris (and variable action on genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint)
6. semitendinosus (and variable action on genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint)
7. semimembranosus (and variable action on genual joint)
8. Gracilis (and adduct limb, flex genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint)
9. adductor (and adduct limb)
118
What muscles terminate at the trochanteric fossa?
external obturator, internal obturator, gemelli
119
What muscles rotate the pelvic limb laterally at the coxal joint?
1. external obturator (and adduct limb)
2. internal obturator
3. gemelli
4. quadratus femoris (and adduct/extend coxal joint)
120
What muscles adduct the pelvic limb?
1. external obturator
2. quadratus femoris
3. gracilis
4. pectineus
5. adductor
121
What muscles terminate at the calcaneus?
1. biceps femoris (and patella and tibia)
2. semitendinosus (and tibia)
3. gracilis (and medial aspect of genual region)
4. SDF (and bases of middle phalanges)
5. gastrocnemius
122
What muscles extend the tarsocrural joint?
1. biceps femoris (and extend coxal joint, variable action in genual joint)
2. semitendinosus (and extend coxal joint, variable action in genual joint)
3. gracilis (and adduct limb, extend coxal joint, flex genual joint)
4. gastrocnemius (and flex genual joint)
5. SDF (and flex genual joint, flex metatarsophalangeal joints, and proximal interphalangeal joints)
6. DDF (and flex digital joints)
123
What muscles terminate on the medial aspect of the genual region?
sartorius, gracilis (and calcaneus)
124
What muscles flex the coxal joint?
sartorius (and extend or flex genual joint), rectus femoris, iliopsoas
125
What muscles flex the genual joint?
1. gracilis (and adduct, extend coxal joint, extend tarsocrural joint)
2. gastrocnemius (and extend tarsocrural joint)
3. SDF (and extend tarsocrural joint, flex metatarsophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints)
4. Popliteus
126
What muscles extend the genual joint?
Quadriceps femoris, long digital extensor (and flex tarsocrural joint and extend digital joints)
127
What muscles flex the tarsocrural joint?
1. cranial tibial (and rotate paw laterally)
2. long digital extensor (and extend genual joint, extend digital joints)
3. lateral digital extensor (and extend digital joints of lateral most digits)
4. fibularis longus (and rotate paw medially)
128
What muscles extend the digital joints?
long digital extensor (and extend genual joint and flex tarsocrural joint), lateral digital extensor (only lateral most digits and flex tarsocrural joint)
