Hinduism

Question 1

Shiva chops off his head and replaces with an elephant head. Represents new beginnings.

Answer 1

Ganesha

Question 2

Devotional and ritualistic practices

Answer 2

Bhakti Practices

Question 3

Offering using a murti (represent deities)

Answer 3

Puja

Question 4

Ritualistic practice of waving a fire

Answer 4

Aarti

Question 5

Umbrella term to describe covering all diversity within the Hindu gods

Answer 5

Ecumenical Hinduism

Question 6

Are the gods all brahman? yes/no
-Monistic Hindus:
-Dualistic Hundus:

Answer 6

Monistic Hindus: Yes, all gods are connected to brahman, it doesn’t matter which god you worship.

Dualistic Hindus: No, Individual gods matter in worship.

Question 7

Sound of Brahman to connect to ultimate reality

Answer 7

OM (AUM) Sound

Question 8

Is nature Important in Hinduism?

Answer 8

Yes, there are many rituals that take place in nature. Despite diversity in Hinduism, the sacredness of nature is experienced throughout all sects.
-ex. Bathing in the Ganges river

Question 9

Cycle of reincarnation, death, birth and rebirth

Answer 9

Samsara

Question 10

Soul that goes through Samsara

Answer 10

Atman

Question 11

Ultimate goal, salvation from getting stuck in samsara.

Answer 11

Moksha

Question 12

Good actions= Good rewards, Bad actions= bad rewards
-Affects rebirth/reincarnation

Answer 12

Karma

Question 13

Ones duty, to do actions that you are given
-Ex. gender roles, caste system

Answer 13

Dharma

Question 14

1 in caste system

Answer 14

Brahmin priests +academics.
-represents the mouth

Question 15

2 in caste system

Answer 15

2) Kshatriya : Warriors/ Kings
- represents arms (muscle)

Question 16

3 in caste system

Answer 16

3) Vaishya: Business community
- Represents the thighs

Question 17

4 in caste system

Answer 17

4) Kshudra: Servants and subordinates
- represents the feet

Question 18

6 in caste system

Answer 18

6) Outcasts: untouchables (The Dalit).
- Deserved this position due to Karma.

Question 19

What are all of the caste classes?

Answer 19

1) Brahmin priests: Priests/ academics
2) Kshatriya: Warriors/Kings
3) Vaishya: Business community
4) Kshudra: Servants/subordinates
5) Outcasts: The Dalit, untouchables

Question 20

What are the three spiritual paths?

Answer 20

1) Path of devotion (bhakti)
2) Path of action (Karma, dharma)
3) Path of Knowledge (Jnana)
-More elite

-Can choose multiple paths

Question 21

Where are some places that Hindus can practice their religion?

Answer 21

At the community temple (Mandir) and home alters for devotional practices

Question 22

The concept of visiting, seeing and being seen by the god.
-Importance of material dimension, presence

Answer 22

Darshan

Question 23

Brahmin Priests

Answer 23

Takes care of temple/god. Must be born into a higher caste

Question 24

Renounces society, simple living, alternative route to get to moksha
-Fasting, extremes, upper caste men
-Also called wondering holy men
-Yogis

Answer 24

A Sannyasi

Question 25

What are the stages of life?

Answer 25

1. Student 2.Householder 3. Hermit 4. Sannyasi

Question 26

Techniques to quiet the body for mental concentration -Body positions (asanas), breath control, mantras

Answer 26

Yoga

Question 27

What are the goals of Yoga?

Answer 27

Union of atman and brahman, liberation from karma, better rebirth, moksha

Question 28

The goals of life

Answer 28

1. Dharma 2. Pleasure 3. Prosperity 4. Moksha

Question 29

Main three deities

Answer 29

Shiva, Vishnu, Shakti

Question 30

Shiva

Answer 30

Worshipped by shaivas Presented as a yogi/sannyasi Family man, parvati and ganesha Lingam stone is a representation

Question 31

Vishnu

Answer 31

-Worshipped by vaishnavas -Incarcerations: Krishna and Rama

Question 32

Shakti (Devi)

Answer 32

-Worshipped by Shaktas -Kali= War and destruction -Durga= More beautiful but still harsh

Question 33

The cycle of the universe

Answer 33

Shiva destroys, Vishnu preserves, Brahma (NOT BRAHMAN) creates again

Question 34

Types of Hindi texts

Answer 34

1) Revealed texts (Shruti): Most ancient, most sacred, telling from gods directly 2) Recollected texts (Shmriti): Epics, told from humans, not as sacred.

Question 35

Two revealed texts (Shruti)

Answer 35

1. Vedas: Sacred hymns and ritual instructions, most ancient - Vedic gods: Agni (god of fire) and Indra (god of thunder) 2. Upanishads: Philosophical concepts (second most ancient). Sacred.

Question 36

What are the Recollected texts in Hinduism?

Answer 36

1) Ramayana (Ramas Journey), Ideal characters - Be a good husband/wife and uphold social roles 2) Mahabharata (longest epic): Battle for the throne. -Chapter: Bhagavad Gita (song of the lord) with Krishna and Bhakti