HIST - Mesopotamia

Question 1

known as the “cradle of civilizations” due to enormous advances and contributions: domestication of animals, trade, legal government, potter’s wheel, wagon wheel, alphabet, architecture

Answer 1

Mesopotamia

Question 2

contributed to the “cuneiform” and ziggurat architecture; produced the “Epic of Gilgamesh”

Answer 2

Sumerian (6,000 - 4,000 BC)

Question 3

first Mesopotamians to call themselves kings; first to build an empire; first to cast hollow life-size bronze sculptures

Answer 3

Akkadians

Question 4

method of metal casting in which molten metal is poured into a mold that has been created by means of a wax model

Answer 4

Loss-Wax Method

Question 5

constructed one of the largest ziggurats in Mesopotamia

Answer 5

Neo-Sumerians

Question 6

formulated wide-ranging laws immortalized in the Code of Hammurabi; ruled by King Hammurabi

Answer 6

Babylonian/Chaldean Period (4.000 - 700 BC)

Question 7

a unique glimpse into the social and legal structure or laws

Answer 7

Code of Hammurabi

Question 8

formed when Nebuchadnezzar captured Jerusalem; associated with the architectural wonders of Babylon

Answer 8

Neo-Babylonians

Question 9

the entrance gate to the palace of Sargon; named after the goddess of love, fertility, and war; is faced with glazed bricks with rows of bulls and dragons and has a semi-circular arch covered with brilliantly colored tile

Answer 9

Ishtar Gate

Question 10

a period where palaces were fortified citadels with lamassu guardians

Answer 10

Assyrian (700 - 500 BC)

Question 11

a great stone statue of a human-headed winged bull that preceded the Palace of Ishtar; has a 5th leg that signifies movement

Answer 11

Lamassu

Question 12

founded by Cyrus the Great after defeating the Babylonians; became the largest empire formed

Answer 12

Persian Period (539 - 331 BC)

Question 13

a system of writing typified by the use of characters in a small wedge-shaped element; written on tablets

Answer 13

Cuneiform

Question 14

a Sumerian temple made of tiered rectangular layers which rose from 1 to 7

Answer 14

Ziggurat

Question 15

a seven-tiered ziggurat rising from a base of 297 sq. ft.; mounds of ruins lay in Baghdad

Answer 15

Tower of Babel

Question 16

the great palace built by Nebuchadnezzar for his wife Amytis

Answer 16

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

Question 17

the first arcaded palace built in the Persian Empire

Answer 17

Palace of Shapur I

Question 18

a large hypostyle hall begun by Darius and finished by Xerxes; used for great receptions by kings; contains 72 columns, and 2 monumental stairways

Answer 18

Apadana/Audience Hall

Question 19

built on a stone platform, and consisted of multi-columned buildings

Answer 19

Palace Complex at Persepolis