HISTORY

Question 1

recorded that individuals who had previously contracted
plague recovered. He recognized the “immune” status of those
individuals.

Answer 1

Thucydides

Question 2

recorded that individuals who had previously contracted
plague recovered. He recognized the “immune” status of those
individuals.

Answer 2

Thucydides

Question 3

practiced a form of immunization by inhaling dried powders
derived from smallpox lesions
● Concept of _____

Answer 3

Chinese; variolation

Question 4

powdered smallpox crust were inserted with a pin on the skin
● Concept of _____

Answer 4

England; inoculation

Question 5

Observed the inoculation practice of Chinese against smallpox and brought it to England

Answer 5

Lady Mary Wortley Montague

Question 6

Demonstrated cross
immunity; Smallpox
vaccination

Answer 6

Edward Jenner

Question 7

Phagocytosis

Answer 7

Haeckel

Question 8

Live attenuated, chicken
cholera and anthrax vaccine

Answer 8

Louis Pasteur

Question 9

Proved the Germ Theory of Disease
Invented the process of Pasteurization

Answer 9

Louis Pasteur

Question 10

Cellular theory of immunity
through phagocytosis

Answer 10

Elie Metchnikoff

Question 11

Humoral theory of immunity proposed; serum therapy/serum antitoxins
● Antibody is under humoral
response = serum therapy
● Led to ____
●______ plasma

Answer 11

Von Behring & Kitasato; Serume theraphy/ serum antitoxins; Convalescent

Question 12

Demonstration of cutaneous
(delayed-type) hypersensitivity

Answer 12

Robert Koch

Question 13

Antibody formation theory

Answer 13

Ehrlich

Question 14

Immediate-hypersensitivity
Anaphylaxis (allergy)
● Also known as Type I
hypersensitivity

Answer 14

Portier and Richet

Question 15

Granules released by the basophil and mast cells:

Answer 15

Histamine

Question 16

● Arthus reaction of
intermediate hypersensitivity
● Type III hypersensitivity due
to immune reaction

Answer 16

Nicolas Maurice Arthus

Question 17

Hypothesis of antigen- antibody
binding

Answer 17

Marrack

Question 18

Hypothesis of allograft
rejection
● Described immunologic
processes in transplantation

Answer 18

Peter Medawar

Question 19

Development of polio vax

Answer 19

John Enders, Thomas Weller, Frederick Robbins

Question 20

IPV AND OPV

Answer 20

Salk and Sabin

Question 21

Vaccine against yellow fever

Answer 21

Reed

Question 22

Coined and was behind the principle of
immunoelectrophoresis

Answer 22

Grabar Williams

Question 23

Graft-versus- Host reaction

Answer 23

Dick W. van
Bekkum

Question 24

Clonal Selection Theory

Answer 24

Burnet

Question 25

Interferon (viral interference)

Answer 25

Alick Isaacs and Jean Lindemann

Question 26

Human Leukocyte Antigen

Answer 26

Jean Dausset

Question 27

T cell and B cell cooperation in immune cooperation

Answer 27

Henry Claman

Question 28

Identification of antibody molecule The Y-structure of antibody

Answer 28

Edelman and Porter

Question 29

First monoclonal antibodies

Answer 29

Kohler, Milstein

Question 30

RIA Radioimmunoassay uses radioisotope

Answer 30

Rosalyn Yalow

Question 31

Awarded Nobel Prize for genetic principle of antibody diversity

Answer 31

Susumo Tonegawa

Question 32

Awarded Nobel Prize for their contribution MHC gene ● Major Histocompatibility Complex MHC - Discovered gene coding for HLA (human leukocyte antigen)

Answer 32

George Snell, Jean Dausset & Baruj Benacerraf

Question 33

Identification of genes for T cell receptor

Answer 33

James P. Allison

Question 34

Monoclonal hepatitis B vaccine

Answer 34

Pablo DT Valenzuela

Question 35

Th1 versus Th2 model of T helper cell function

Answer 35

Mossman

Question 36

Identification Toll-like receptor

Answer 36

Jules Hoffmann and Bruce Beutler

Question 37

Discussed their approaches to develop “better vaccines. ˮ They were intrigued by the ssmRNA use in coding the blueprint DNA to make proteins that can function in the body → made the model for mRNA vaccines for SARSCoV2 POSTTEST Direction: Mach column I with column II ● Use of mRNA as a blueprint to create immune responses ● They try to use nucleic acid for vaccines. ● Immune system can be taught to perform or function by the nucleic acid. ● DNA must be bound to nucleus, but mRNA can travel and can directly code for proteins hence a better option

Answer 37

Drew Weissman & Katalin Karikó

Question 38

FOXP3, the gene directing regulatory T-cell development

Answer 38

Ramsdell and colleagues

Question 39

Development of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine

Answer 39

Ian Frazer

Question 40

Awarded the Nobel Prize for their discovery of HIV

Answer 40

Hausen, Françoise Barré-Sinoussi & Luc Montagnier

Question 41

● BioNTech proponents. ● Focused first on cancer immunotherapies until they used the model mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, shown positive results in all important 3 clinical trials.

Answer 41

Ugur Sahir, Ozlem Tureci