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2021 History exam Y8 > history stuff > Flashcards

history stuff Flashcards

1
Q

Feudalism

A

Feudalism is a system of land ownership and duties from the middle ages

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2
Q

Charlamagne

A

King of franks built an empire that covered eastern and western Europe and introduced feudalism

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3
Q

Renaissance

A

Renaissance is the rebirth where art, artitechiture, politics, and the economy developed.

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4
Q

Humanism

A

Humanism is a system where people don’t believe in anything supernatural including God and only believe in the present world.

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5
Q

Bayeux Tapestru

A

An artefact that shows the Norman conquest in 1066.

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6
Q

Crusades

A

The Crusades were a series of religious wars between the Christians and Muslims over control of the Holy Land.

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7
Q

Primary source

A

A source created during the time that the event took place

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8
Q

Secondary Source

A

A source that is created after the event occurred

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9
Q

Role of the Church

A

Carry out and continue the work of Jesus such as starting crusades, performing sacraments and helping the less fortunate

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10
Q

why black death spread

A

Black death spread because of rats and humans passing the virus to eachother.

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11
Q

Flagellants

A

Christian movement where Christians whipped themselves in public to punish themselves for their sins.

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12
Q

Miasma

A

The theory that the black death was caused by bad air.

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13
Q

Yersinia Pestis

A

A type of bacteria that caused the plague

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14
Q

Medieval Weapons

A

daggers, axes, clubs and spears

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15
Q

Medieval Armour

A

Armour such as chest plates, byrnie, chausses

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16
Q

Renaissance changes in trade

A

Money was used to buy goods instead of trading items

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17
Q

Renaissance: Changes in Society

A

Fall of feudalism
Humanism
secularism

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18
Q

Renassiance changes in tecnolgoy

A

Printing press, telescope and microscope were invented

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19
Q

Realism

A

Accurate and detailed depiction of the real world in art.

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20
Q

Merchants

A

Powerful people who sold goods such as the medici family

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21
Q

Frescoes

A

A technique used for mural paintings that use fresh wet lime plaster

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22
Q

Composition

A

The positioning of objects artwork

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22
Q

Perspective

A

An artistic technique where an illusion of depth is created

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23
Q

Spread of Renaissance

A

Rennaisenc spread from Italy to France then throughout western and Northern Europe.

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24
Q

Norman conquest

A

The 11th-century invasion and occupation of England by the Duke of Normandy

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25
Q

\Changes in science

A

scientists were able to study the autonomy of humans and other organisms through the microscope

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26
Q

Strengths of feudal system

A

Peasants were protected by the knights

People were paid fairly

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27
Q

Weaknesses of feudal system

A

Power was easy to misuse and abuse.

If you weren’t prayed for by the nuns even if you’re a good person you were believed to go to hell.

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28
Q

Why was the feudal system fair

A

The feudal system was fair as most got a fair wage and the peasants were protected by the knights; without this system the peasants would suffer.

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29
Q

How society has evolved since medieval times

A

wider range of job(not just monks nuns, knights)

  • Religion(people are accepted for following religions other than Christianity)
  • Theres no system that ranks us like the fedual system but there is still a divide between the rich and poor
  • Nuns are no longer the only educator
  • it’s not required to believe in God and be a Christian to teach.
29
Q

How society has evolved since medieval times

A

Jobs(not just monks nuns, knights etc.. jobs like photographer)
Religion(people are accepted for following religions other than Christianity)
No more feudal system

30
Q

What jobs did males usually do

A

worked on farms

31
Q

How might peasant men manage to get an education

A

Monks and Nuns educated peasent men

32
Q

Why were noble women’s marriages arranged for them by their families

A

Marriages were arranged to gain wealth, social and political power

33
Q

What property rights did a noblewoman have compared with her husband?

A

Nobel women became the property of their husband after marriage so in order to gain access of any of his property she needs permission from him

34
Q

Role of a Stewart in medieval Europe

A

Stewart supervised the Lord’s estate and household

35
Q

Role of the Bailiff in medieval Europe

A

excuetes the decisions of the court

36
Q

Role of Reeves in medieval Europe

A

responsible for overseeing the discharge of feudal obligations

37
Q

What was the main source of wealth in the middle ages

A

The land

38
Q

Who was the most powerful person in the church

A

The pope

39
Q

Examples of how crusades impacted Europe

A
  • increased trade
  • gunpowder
  • Pope and kings gained more power
  • cutlery
40
Q

Examples of how crusades impacted Muslims

A

-Trignonmetry
-the system of puublic hosptials were introduced
-Theory that the earth’s circumference was
40, 253.4 KILOMETRES,

41
Q

What did people fear

A

People feared going to hell which was what happened if they were excommunicated.(being excluded by the church and society as a punishment)

42
Q

Roles of monks and nuns

A
  • Provided shelter
  • Taught people how to read and write
  • Prepared medicine
43
Q

Impact of the black death

A

1/3 of Europe’s population died
Fall of feudalism
Trade and the economy suffered

44
Q

When did crusades end and start

A

1095 – 1291

45
Q

How did crusades cause a decline in feudalism

A

So many people died during the crusades that there weren’t serfs, lords and others to maintain the system

46
Q

Why were frescoes important and popular

A

Frescoes were durable which is ideal for mural paintings because they go on a wall.

47
Q

Renasiiance: changes in science

A

Technology such as the microscope allowed scientists to view organisms properly in greater detail and depth which also allowed for more accurate artwork and diagrams of living organisms to be made.

48
Q

How values changedin renassiance from middle ages

A

humanism-people began believing in just the present world instead of god and supernatural things.
secularism-beleif that religion should be separated from other aspects of life

49
Q

Secularism

A

separation of religion from political, economic, social and cultural aspects of life,

50
Q

Platos theory

A

The theory of the forms is a concept that the physical world is not as real or true as timeless, absolute, unchangeable ideas.

51
Q

Aristostles theory

A

Theory of empiricism

52
Q

Plato and Aristotle’s books

A

Book of Timaeus(platos), book of ethics(Aristotle)

53
Q

Who won the first crusade

A

christians

54
Q

who won third crusade

A

christians

55
Q

Who won the second crusade

A

Muslim

55
Q

why did crusades fail

A

Soldiers were mostly peasant men who were untrainer

The distance between Europe and Jerusalem was too big.

People weren’t unified.

All sources of help and support were cut out

56
Q

What are some Renaissance art?

A

Leonardo’s Last Supper

Raphael’s School of Athens

56
Q

what is a philosopher

A

A philosopher is someone who asks the big questions in life

56
Q

philosophers exmaples

A

Aristotle, Plato, Pythagorus

57
Q
  1. When is it believed Charlemagne introduced the principles of the feudal system to his empire?
A

1000AD

58
Q

What key things did Charlemagne due whilst king

A

He invaded Saxony, introduced feudalism and conquered almost all the mainland of Europe.

58
Q

Under feudalism, who was the ruler and owner of the land

A

the king

59
Q

Under feudalism, who were the tenants-in-chief

A

a person who held land directly from the king.

60
Q

who did knights serve

A

their lords

61
Q

Purpose of mounted warrior

A

attack the enemy flanks and rear.

62
Q

WHat wass the preffered weapon by knights

A

swords because they were honourable and prestigous

63
Q

Which religious institution dominated western Europe during the Middle Ages

A

The Catholic Church

64
Q
  1. Identify 2-3 ways the Roman Catholic church demonstrated its power over the people of medieval Europe.
A

They started crusades, decided whether people who go to hell or heaven and could excommunicate people

65
Q

Haileys comet

A

Hailey’s comet was a meteor that hit England which, William, the Conqueror thought was a good omen whilst King Harry believed it was a bad omen.

66
Q

William the Conqueror

A

Took over the throne(became king) after King Harold died and lead the norman conquest in 1066.

67
Q

King harold

A

Was the last Anglo-Saxon king of England

2021 History exam Y8 (1 decks)

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