Homework questions

Question 1

The cervical spine is ____ to the thoracic spine?

Answer 1

superior

Question 2

The tibia is ____ to the talus?

Answer 2

proximal

Question 3

The sternum is ___ to the thoracic spine?

Answer 3

anterior

Question 4

The radius is ____ to the humerus?

Answer 4

distal

Question 5

The phalanges of the foot are ____ to the metatarsal bones?

Answer 5

distal

Question 6

The tibia is ___ to the fibula?

Answer 6

media

Question 7

The sacrum is ___ to the lumbar spine?

Answer 7

inferior

Question 8

The 4th metacarpal is ____ to the 3rd metacarpal?

Answer 8

Medial

Question 9

The hallux is ____ to the 5th digit of the foot?

Answer 9

Medial

Question 10

The coccyx is ___ to the sacrum?

Answer 10

Inferior

Question 11

The patella is ___ to the femur?

Answer 11

Anterior

Question 12

The femur is ___ to the tibia?

Answer 12

Proximal

Question 13

The scapula is ____ to the rib cage?

Answer 13

Posterior

Question 14

The humerus is ____ to the carpals?

Answer 14

Proximal

Question 15

The phalanges of the hand are ____ to the metacarpals?

Answer 15

Distal

Question 16

The plane that divides the body into right and left sides is called?

Answer 16

sagittal plane

Question 17

The axis associated with the sagittal plane is?

Answer 17

medial-lateral plane

Question 18

The plane that divides the body into front and back is called?

Answer 18

Frontal plane

Question 19

The axis associated with the frontal plane is called?

Answer 19

Anterior-posterior axis

Question 20

The plane that divides the body into superior and inferior halves is called?

Answer 20

Transverse plane

Question 21

The axis associated with the transverse plane is called?

Answer 21

Vertical axis

Question 22

The plane/axis for shoulder internal rotation movement is?

Answer 22

Plane: Transverse
Axis: Vertical axis

Question 23

The plane/axis for elbow extension occurs in?

Answer 23

Plane: sagittal
Axis: medial-lateral axis

Question 24

The plane/axis for wrist deviation movement occurs in?

Answer 24

Plane: frontal
Axis: anterior-posterior

Question 25

The plane/axis for finger flexion movement occur in?

Answer 25

Plane: sagittal Axis: medial-lateral

Question 26

The plane/axis for thumb flexion is?

Answer 26

Plane: frontal plane Axis: anterior-posterior

Question 27

The plane/axis the trunk side bending (lateral flexion) movement?

Answer 27

Plane: frontal plane Axis: anterior-posterior axis

Question 28

The plane/axis for hip flexion movement occurs?

Answer 28

Plane: sagittal plane Axis: medial-lateral axis

Question 29

The plane/axis for knee extension movement occurs in?

Answer 29

Plane: sagittal plane Axis: medial-lateral axis

Question 30

The plane/axis for ankle planter flexion movement?

Answer 30

Plane: sagittal plane Axis: medial-lateral axis

Question 31

The plane/axis for shoulder abduction movement?

Answer 31

Plane: frontal plane Axis: anterior-posterior axis

Question 32

The plane/axis for hip external rotation occurs?

Answer 32

Plane: Transverse plane Axis: vertical axis

Question 33

The plane/axis for thumb abduction movement occurs?

Answer 33

Plane: sagittal plane Axis: medial/lateral axis

Question 34

A muscle at the shoulder joint that crosses the medial-lateral axis anteriorly will move the shoulder into what movement?

Answer 34

flexion

Question 35

A muscle at the knee joint that crosses the medial-lateral axis posteriorly will move the knee into what movement?

Answer 35

flexion

Question 36

A muscle at the wrist joint that crosses the anterior-posterior axis medially will move the wrist into what movement?

Answer 36

ulnar deviation

Question 37

A muscle at the metacarpal phalangeal joint of digit 2 that crosses the anterior-posterior axis laterally will move the finger into what movement?

Answer 37

abduction

Question 38

A muscle at the hip joint that crosses the vertical axis posteriorly will move the hip into what movement?

Answer 38

external rotation

Question 39

Define Osteon

Answer 39

Fundamental functional unit of compact bone.

Question 40

Define Haversian Canal

Answer 40

Central canal that contains nerves and blood vessels.

Question 41

Define Osteocyte

Answer 41

Mature bone cell

Question 42

Define Lamellae

Answer 42

Concentric layers of compact bone

Question 43

Define Lacunae

Answer 43

contains osteocyte

Question 44

Define Canaliculi

Answer 44

Communicating canals between the lacunae

Question 45

Define what a joint is

Answer 45

point at which 2 bones join together or articulate

Question 46

Name the 3 main types of joints and give one example of each:

Answer 46

Fibrous (immovable) - include the sutures of some skull bones. Cartilaginous (partially moveable) - intervertebral disc between adjacent vertebra of the spine. Synovial (freely moveable) - The knee.

Question 47

Name the 6 types of synovial joints.

Answer 47

``` hinge pivot saddle condyloid plane ball-and-socket ```

Question 48

Hinge joint is?

Answer 48

uniaxial - permit flexion/extension - ex: eblow

Question 49

Pivot joint is?

Answer 49

uniaxial - permit rotation - ex: neck, lets us say NO!

Question 50

Saddle joint is?

Answer 50

biaxial - permit flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction. - ex: base of thumb

Question 51

Condyloid joint is?

Answer 51

biaxial - permit flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction. - ex: finger joints

Question 52

Plane joint is?

Answer 52

simple gliding movement | -ex: shoulder between the clavicle & scapula

Question 53

Ball-and-socket joint is?

Answer 53

multiaxial - permits flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and medial/lateral rotation and circumduction. - ex: hip

Question 54

What are the structures of the synovial joint?

Answer 54

synovial fluid articular cartilage joint capsule

Question 55

Function of synovial fluid?

Answer 55

provides nutrition, lubrication and shock absorption

Question 56

Function of articular cartilage?

Answer 56

provides smooth surface for movement

Question 57

What is the term used to describe the combination movement at the carpometacarpal joint (base of the thumb; not the knuckle joint of the thumb) when the pad of the first digit (aka: the thumb) is brought to another digit pad (fingers 2-4)? What is the opposite movement called?

Answer 57

opposition and reposition

Question 58

Name the movements that occur at the ankle (talocrural) joint.

Answer 58

Dorsiflexion. Plantarflexion

Question 59

Name the movements that occur at the intertarsal joint (subtalar + transverse tarsal joints).

Answer 59

Inversion. Eversion

Question 60

Name the movements that occur at the knee joint.

Answer 60

Flexion and extension.

Question 61

Circumduction at the shoulder joint involves what movements?

Answer 61

Flexion. Abduction. Extension. Adduction.

Question 62

Explain the difference between closed chain and open chain movement.

Answer 62

Closed chain - is where your stationary or fixed to something. Example a squat, the feet press to the floor and help raise the body. Open chain - when the feet or hands are free. Example would be a leg curl machine, when the leg is free to swing down.

Question 63

Name the movements that occur at the intervertebral joints.

Answer 63

Flexion/extension, lateral side bending right and left, rotation right and left.

Question 64

What is another term for radial deviation of the wrist? Remember anatomical position.

Answer 64

radial flexion

Question 65

Closed chain anterior pelvic tilt of the pelvis is similar to what open chain hip movement?

Answer 65

Closed chain anterior pelvic tilt is similar to open chain hip flexion.

Question 66

Closed chain posterior pelvic tilt of the pelvis is similar to what open chain hip movement?

Answer 66

Closed chain posterior pelvic tilt is similar to open chain hip extension.