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Endocrine system > Hormones And Their Targets > Flashcards

Hormones And Their Targets Flashcards

1
Q

What does ACTH act on?

A

Adrenal cortex

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2
Q

What does TSH act on?

A

Thyroid

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3
Q

What does PRL act on?

A

Stimulates milk production in breast following childbirth

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4
Q

What does GH act on?

A

Skeletal muscles & long bone

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5
Q

What does oxytocin act on?

A

Mammary glands & uterine cervix muscles

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6
Q

What does ADH act on?

A

Kidney tubules (collecting ducts)

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7
Q

Examples of neural stimuli of endocrine glands

A

Adrenal medulla: epinephrine & norepinephrine

Neurohypophysis: ADH & oxytocin

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8
Q

Examples of Hormonal stimuli on endocrine Glands

A

Anterior pituitary hormones

Tropic:

  • ACTH
  • TSH

Gonadotropic:

  • LH
  • FSH

Non-tropic:

  • PRL
  • GH
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9
Q

Examples of humoral stimuli on endocrine glands

A

Changing levels in blood stimulate hormone release.

Insulin: response to high blood glucose so decreases it (glycogenesis, glycolysis, inhibits lipolysis)

Glucagon: response to low blood glucose so increases it (glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis)

PTH: low blood Ca2+ = stimulates release to decrease bone density and increase levels of it

Calcitonin: high blood Ca2+ = reduce high levels of it by increasing bone density

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10
Q

What does thyroxine do

A

Regulate body metabolism (basal metabolic rate)

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11
Q

What does the thyroid release

A

Thyroxine

Calcitonin

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12
Q

What does insulin do

A

Promotes uptake of glucose into cells.

Promotes metabolism of glucose in preference to lipids

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13
Q

What are catecholamines?

A

Epinephrine & norepinephrine

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14
Q

What is a glucocorticoid?

A

Cortisol/cortisone

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15
Q

What is a mineralocorticoid?

A

Aldosterone

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16
Q

What does aldosterone do?

A

Conserves Na+
Increase H2O retention
Increase BP

17
Q

How does renin-angiotensin work to raise BP?

A

In kidneys, cells detect BP fall, renin secreted into blood.

Angiotensin in blood -> Angiotensin I (using renin)

In lungs, Ang I -> Ang 2 (using ACE)

Angiotenin II simulates adrenal Cortex, releasing aldosterone (^ Na retention, ^ H2O retention, ^ BP)

Ang II causes vasoconstriction = ^ BP

Endocrine system (3 decks)

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