Human Senses Flashcards
(50 cards)
What is olfactory fatigue
Temporary normal inability to distinguish a particular odor after a prolonged exposure to the airborne compound
How do we hear sounds?
The ear collects and processes sounds but it is the brain and the central nervous system that actually hear
What is the vestibular apparatus responsible for?
Balance
Who gave us the 5 haptic categories and when?
Heslin 1974
High noise levels during a single eight hour period can lead to what?
Vasoconstriction leading to a statistical rise in blood pressure and increased incidence of coronary artery disease
How do we use ultrasound to view babies?
Ultrasoundtravels through a medium and then bounces back a reflect image of what lies within the medium
What is amplitude?
Ampllitude is the change in atmospheric pressure during a single oscillation of sound wave
How is sound similar to touch?
They are both forms of mechanosensation meaning that they both respond to mechanical stimuli and then convert them into neuronal signals
Where is the primary neuron located
In the dorsal root ganglion of the spinal nerve
What are steriocillia?
Hair like structures on the hair cells in the cochlea. They create electrical signals from the mechanical energy produced by the movement of the fluid in the inner ear
What is the threshold of pain?
130dB
Sound is made of what?
waves of pressure
Nociceptors have two different types of Axons, what are they and what signal do they transmit?
AΩ Fast pain, C fiber axons Slow pain.
What is the pathway responsible for transmitting fine touch, vibration and conscious proprioceptive information?
Dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway
What is the pathway responsible for transmitting information about pain, temperature, itch and crude touch?
Ventral Spinothalmic pathway
What causes neuropathic pain?
damage or disease affecting any part of the nervous system.
What is ultrasound?
Any sound with a frequency greater than 20,000Hz
What are the six types of pain?
Acute pain, Chronic pain, Phantom pain, Cutaneous pain, Somatic pain, Visceral pain
When do women have the strongest sense of olfaction
Ovulation
What does loudness have to do with?
Loudness has to do with amplitude – the change in atmospheric pressure created by sound waves
What causes nociceptive pain?
Stimulation of the peripheral nerve fibers that respond only to stimuli approaching or exceeding harmful intensity
There are 3 different types of nociceptors what are they?
Mechanical, Chemical, Thermal.
What are some common sources of noise pollution?
• Traffic • Loud music • Machinery • Office equipment • Factories • Other forms of transport • Appliances • Lighting hum • Power tools • Construction equipment
What are ossicles?
The bones of the middle ear
