Hygiene

Question 1

Epidermis

Answer 1

Outer layer of the skin

Question 2

Dermis

Answer 2

thicker layer containing bundles of collagen and elastic fibers.

Question 3

Subcutaneous

Answer 3

Contains blood vessels, nerves, lymph, and loose connective tissue with fat cells

Question 4

Identify the functions of the skin…

Answer 4

Protection, sensation, temperature regulation, excretion, and secretion

Question 5

Identify the factors that influence a personal preference for hygiene…

Answer 5

a. Social practices
b. Personal preferences
c. Body image
d. socioeconomical status
e. Health beliefs and motivation
f. Cultural variables

Question 6

Assessment of the skin includes:

Answer 6

color, texture, thickness, turgor, temperature, and hydration

Question 7

Dry skin

Answer 7

Bathe less frequently and rinse the body of all soap because residue left on the skin can cause irritation and breakdown. Add moisture to the air through the use of a humidifier. Increase fluid intake when the skin is dry. use moisturizing cream to aid healing. (cream forms protective barrier and helps maintain fluid within the skin). Use cream such as Eucerine. Use creams to clean skin that is dry or allergic to soaps and detergents

Question 8

Acne

Answer 8

Wash hair and skin thoroughly each day with warm water and soap to remove oil. Use cosmetic sparingly because oily cosmetics or creams accumulate in pores and tend to make condition worse. Implement dietary restrictions if necessary. (Eliminate all foods that make the condition worse) Use prescribed topical antibiotics for severe forms of acne

Question 9

Skin rashes

Answer 9

Wash the area thoroughly and apply antiseptic spray or lotion to prevent further itching and aid in healing process. Apply warm or cold soaks to relieve inflammation if indicated.

Question 10

Contact dermatitis

Answer 10

Avoid causative agents (soaps)

Question 11

Abrasion

Answer 11

Be careful not to scratch the patient with jewelry or fingernails. Wash abrasions with mild soap and water; dry thoroughly and gently. Observe dressings or bandages for retained moisture because it increases risk of infection.

Question 12

Calluses

Answer 12

Thickened portion of epidermis consists of mass of horny, keratotic cells. Calluses are usually flat and painless and are found on undersurface of foot or on palm of hand

Question 13

Corns

Answer 13

Friction and pressure from ill-fitting or loose shoes cause keratosis. Corns are seen mainly on or between toes over bony prominences. Corns are usually cones shaped, round, and raised. Soft corns are macerated.

Question 14

Plantar warts

Answer 14

Fungating lesion appears on sole of foot and is caused by the papilloma virus

Question 15

Tinea pedis

Answer 15

Athletes foot is fungal infection of foot; scaliness and cracking of skin occur between the toes and on the soles of the feet. Small blisters containing fluid appear.

Question 16

Ingrown nails

Answer 16

The toenail or fingernail grows inward into soft tissue around the nail. Ingrown nails often result from improper nail trimming

Question 17

Foot odors

Answer 17

The result of excess perspiration that promotes microorganism growth.

Question 18

Hallitosis

Answer 18

Bad breath

Question 19

Dandruff

Answer 19

Scaling of scalp is accompanied by itching, In severe case, dandruff is on the eyebrows

Question 20

Ticks

Answer 20

Small, gray brown parasites burrow into the skin and suck blood

Question 21

Pediculosis

Answer 21

Lice; tiny, grayish which parasitic insects that infest mammals

Question 22

Pediculosis capitis

Answer 22

Parasite is on the scalp attached to hair strands. Eggs look like oval particles similar to dandruff. Bites or pustules may be observed behind the ears and at the hairline.

Question 23

Pediculosis corporis

Answer 23

Parasites tend to cling to clothing, so they are not always easy to see. Body lice suck blood and lay eggs on clothing and furniture

Question 24

Pediculosis Pubis

Answer 24

Parasites are in the pubic hair. Crab lice are grayish white with red legs.

Question 25

Alopecia

Answer 25

Occurs in all races. Balding patches are in the periphery of the hairline. Hair becomes brittle and broken

Question 26

List potential nursing diagnoses that apply to patients in need of hygiene care

Answer 26

Activity intolerance
Bathing self care deficit
Dressing self care deficit
Impaired oral mucous membrane
Impaired physical mobility
Ineffective healthcare maintenance
Risk for infection

Question 27

Identify 3 expected outcomes for a patient with a CVA

Answer 27

The patients skin is clean, dry, and intact without signs of inflammation
The skin remains elastic and well hydrated
The skin is free from areas of pressure

Question 28

List the education tips for patients about hygiene practices

Answer 28

Make all instructions relevant after assessing knowledge, motivations, and health beliefs
Adapts instruction of any techniques to the patients personal bathing facilities
Teach the patient steps to avoid injury
Reinforce infection control practices

Question 29

Complete bed baths

Answer 29

Bath administered to totally dependent patient in bed

Question 30

Partial bed bath

Answer 30

Bed bath that consists of bathing only body parts that would cause discomfort if left unattended, such as the hands, face, axillae, and perineal area. Partial bath also includes washing back and providing a back rub. Dependent patients in need of partial hygiene or self sufficient bedridden patients who are unable to reach all body part receive a partial bath

Question 31

Bag bath

Answer 31

Contains a no rinse surfactant, a humectant to trap moisture and an emollent