Hypothalamus

Question 1

Where do we find thermal receptors?

Answer 1

Brain, viscera, skin

Question 2

Where in the hypothalamus do we find the thermal receptors?

Answer 2

Pre-optic and superoptic regions

3x as many warm sensitive

Question 3

What parts of thermoregualtion can the hypothalamus control?

Answer 3

• hormonal
• autonomic
• behavioral

Question 4

I’m cold - use??

I’m hot - use??

Answer 4

• posterior

- anterior

Question 5

Ways to raise core temp?

Answer 5

1. Muscular
   - shivering
   - increase voluntary activity (via vortex)
2. Non-shivering
   - hormonal influence
   - increase food intake
   - brown adipose tissue

Question 6

How does shivering work?

Answer 6

• Dorsal medial posterior hypothalamus controls it

- increases motor neuron excitation

Question 7

Why hormones help raise temp?

Answer 7

• thyroxin

- epinephrine

Question 8

How does brown tissue work?

Answer 8

• ATP made Gia uncoupling proteins and used only for heat production
• activated by circulating E

Question 9

What do we find in a little sweat? A lot?

Answer 9

1. Na> H2O

2. H2O> NA - aldosterone

Question 10

How does. Fever happen?

Answer 10

Immune cells release Cytokines due to endotoxins of the bug —> PG E2 release —> hypothalamus set point increase

*once big is gone, no endotoxins, so hypothalamus returns set point to normal