Etruscan culture
Archaic period
Apulu (Apollo)
from the roof of the Portonaccio Temple, Veii, Italy
ca. 510–500 BCE.
Painted terracotta
Greek culture
Classical period
Warrior
Found in the sea off Riace, Italy
ca. 460-450 BCE.
Cast in Bronze
Etruscan culture
Archaic period
Sarcophagus with reclining couple
From Cerveteri, Italy, ca.
520 BCE.
Painted terracotta.
Greek culture
Late Classical period
PRAXITELES
Aphrodite
of Knidos, Greece
ca. 350-340 BCE
Roman marble copy after an original.
Roman culture
Late Roman Empire
Portraits of the four tetrarchs
from Constantinople
ca. 305 CE.
Porphyry.
Roman culture
Late Roman Empire
Portrait of Constantine
from the Basilica Nova, Rome, Italy,
ca. 315–330 CE.
Marble
Roman culture
Early Roman Empire
Portrait of Augustus as general
from Primaporta, Italy
original of ca. 20 BCE
Marble copy of a bronze original
Roman culture
Early Roman Empire
Pont-du-Gard Aquaduct
Nîmes, France
ca. 16 BCE.
Arches forming arcade (stone masonry)
Greek culture
Hellenistic period
Nike alighting on a warship (Nike of Samothrace)
from Samothrace, Greece
ca. 190 BCE.
Marble
Etruscan culture
Archaic period
Model of a typical Etruscan temple (as described by Vitruvius)
Tuscany, Italy
sixth century BCE
wood columns and sun-dried brick
Jewish community
During late Roman Empire
wall-paintings of Old Testament themes decorating interior of the synagogue
at Dura-Europos, Syria,
ca. 245-256.
Tempera on plaster.
Christian community
During Late Roman Empire
Interior of Santa Costanza
Rome, Italy
ca. 337-351.
Rounded arcade supporting hemispheric dome
Roman culture
High Roman Empire
Interior of the Pantheon
Rome, Italy
118–125 CE.
Concrete and brick with marble veneers.
Greek culture
Classical period
IKTINOS and KALLIKRATES (architects)
Parthenon, the Temple of Athena Parthenos
Acropolis, Athens, Greece
447-438 BCE.
Doric post-and-lintel temple
Greek culture
Classical period
Phidias (sculptor)
Details of the Panathenaic Festival procession frieze
from the Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, Greece
ca. 447-438 BCE.
Marble relief
Roman culture
Republican period
Head of an old man
from Osimo, Italy
mid first century BCE.
Marble
Greek culture
Geometric period
Geometric krater
from the Dipylon cemetery, Athens, Greece
ca. 740 BCE.
Terracotta krater with black glaze
Roman culture
Late Roman Empire
Frigidarium of the Baths of Caracalla
Rome, Italy
c. 298- 306.
Concrete groin vaults covered by marble veneers
Greek culture
Archaic period
EUPHRONIOS (potter and painter)
Herakles wrestling Antaios
Attica, Greece (found in Etruscan tomb in Cerveteri, Italy)
510 BCE.
Red-figure calyx krater
Greek culture
Classical period
Erechtheion (view from the southeast)
Acropolis, Athens, Greece
ca. 421-405 BCE.
Ionic style temple with caryatid porch
Roman culture
Republican Period
Dionysiac mystery frieze
Villa of the Mysteries, Pompeii, Italy
ca. 60–50 BCE.
Second Style wall paintings frieze
Roman culture
High Roman Empire
Column of Trajan
Forum of Trajan, Rome, Italy
Dedicated 112 CE.
Marble relief sculpture on column
Christian community
During Late Roman Empire
Christ as the Good Shepherd,
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, Ravenna, Italy, ca. 425.
Mosaic
Greek culture
Hellenistic period
ATHANADOROS, HAGESANDROS, and POLYDOROS OF RHODES,
Laocoön and his sons
from Rome, Italy
early first century CE
Marble
Roman culture
High Roman Empire
Arch of Titus
Rome, Italy
After 81 CE.
Triumphal arch with marble relief
Roman culture
Early Roman Empire
Ara Pacis Augustae (Altar of Augustan Peace)
Rome, Italy
13–9 BCE.
Marble relief sculpture
Etruscan culture
Archaic period
Apulu (Apollo)
from the roof of the Portonaccio Temple, Veii, Italy
ca. 510–500 BCE.
Painted terracotta