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Flashcards in ILA 2 Deck (20)
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1
Q

What are some ethical dilemmas surrounding childhood vaccination?

A
  • Issue of safeguarding - is it wrong for parents to not get their kids immunised as it puts them at risk of serious harm
  • We need people to be vaccinated for herd immunity
  • Are vaccines maleficent? - SEs of the vaccine + the vaccine offers no benefit to the child who likely won’t get the infection (unnecessary pain - needle)
2
Q

Who do you contact if there is a notifiable disease?

A

Local health protection agency - medical officer (PHE)

3
Q

Should you contact the health protection agency on confirmation of the disease?

A

NO!!!

Contact on suspicion

4
Q

Give some examples of notifiable diseases

A

MMR, Diptheria, Whooping cough, leprosy, meningitis, meningococcal septicaemia, rabies, tetanus, TB, Scarlett fever, neonatal conjunctivitis…etc

5
Q

What is included in the NICE traffic light system for an unwell child?

A
Colour
Activity
Respiratory system
Hydration + circulation
Other (E.G. temp, rash...)
6
Q

What are the 3 outcomes of the NICE traffic light system?

A

Green (low risk)
Amber (intermediate risk)
Red (high risk)

7
Q

What age group is the NICE traffic light system for?

A

<5yo

8
Q

If a child has a red traffic light system score what should you do?

A

Urgent paediatric review (<2hrs)

9
Q

If a child has a amber traffic light system score what should you do?

A

Either - Mx at home w/ safety net
Or - arrange to see again in few hours
Or - Refer to paeds for further Ix

10
Q

If a child has a green traffic light system score what should you do?

A

Mx at home + safety net

11
Q

What does safety netting involve

A

A management plan in case of deterioration

Giving written/verbal advise to the parent about worrying signs to look out for that warrants the child needing medical review (A+E)

Arrange follow-up

Lisa with other health professionals

12
Q

What ages to febrile convulsions occur?

A

6mths-5yrs

if occurs outside this time suggests other cause to seizure

13
Q

What is the risk of having another febrile convulsion after having one?

A

30%

14
Q

What is the risk of developing epilepsy after having a febrile convulsion?

A

2%

15
Q

What are some worrying signs in a febrile convulsion?

A

> 5mins

features of meningism: neck stiff, photophobia

Rash (non-blanching)…

ACTUAL: >15mins, recurrence/>1 episode 24hrs, focal seizure

16
Q

What is the criteria for Kawasaki disease

A

Fever for 5+ days and 4/5 of:

(1) Polymorphorous rash
(2) Lymphadenopathy (>1.5cm + cervical)

(3) Changes in extremities
- Early: erythema + oedema
- Later: peeling

(4) Changes to mucous membranes (e.g. strawberry tongue)
(5) Bilateral conjunctival infection

17
Q

What investigations are important in Kawasaki’s?

A

ECHO + ECG

18
Q

What is significant about the blood tests in kawasaki’s?

A

^ ESR used to monitor treatment

19
Q

What is the traffic light for a child <3mths with temp 38+?

A

Red

20
Q

What is the traffic light for a child 3-6mths with temp 39+?

A

Amber