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Flashcards in ILA 4 Deck (22)
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1
Q

Give 5 tools that can be used for dementia screening / cognitive assessment?

A
MMSE
AMT
GP-COG
mini-COG assessment instrument
6-CIT
Addenbrooke's
2
Q

What can be used to treat mild-moderate alzheimers?

A

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (e.g. rivastigmine or donepazil)

3
Q

What is used for the assessment of mental capacity? (EXAM)

A

COP3 form

4
Q

What are the 5 principles of the MCA?

A

Individual assumed to have capacity

Individual supported to make their own decisions

Right to unwise/eccentric decision

Any decision made on behalf of the patient is done in their best interest

Least restrictive option (the decision should restrict the freedoms/rights of the patient no more than needed)

5
Q

How do you assess mental capacity

A

decision + time specific

stage 1: is there an impairment in the brain or mind of the person

stage 2:
- understand –> retain –> weigh up –> communicate the decision

6
Q

Give some examples of services for dementia sufferers/family

A
Age UK
Alzheimers society (telephone support)
Support groups
Respite care
memory cafe
Carers direct helpline
7
Q

Give some examples of community care for dementia sufferers

A

Admiral nures
Home carers
Meals on wheels
Home adaptations

8
Q

What is required for a DOLS?

A

Lacks capacity

Must be in a care home / hospital

Must be under complete supervision + not free to leave

9
Q

What does a DOLS ensure?

A
  1. Arrangements made are in the persons best interest
  2. a person is appointed to represent them
  3. Right to appeal their situation
  4. Situation reviewed regularly
10
Q

How long does a DOLS last?

A

up to 12mths

11
Q

What is best interest?

A

Whether a decision made is the best one for the patient all things considered (e.g. their prior/current wishes; risk + benefit)

12
Q

What is a LPA (lasting power of attorney)?

A

An adult with capacity can appoint someone to make decisions on their behalf - should they lack capacity

13
Q

What are the two types of LPA?

A

for health

for finance

14
Q

What is an IMCA?

A

An independent mental capacity advocate

This is when a pt doesn’t have a friend/relative to act as a consultee for their best interest. They act as an independent safeguard for those lacking capacity (represent them in decisions)

15
Q

What is advanced care plan?

A

for pts to make decisions about the care they receive before they lack capacity (in the event of)

16
Q

What 4 things to consider in an advanced care plan (EXAM)?

A
  1. Advanced statement
  2. Advanced decision to refuse treatment
  3. Lasting power of attorney (for health/welfare)
  4. preferred place of care plan
17
Q

In alzheimer’s where is there most atrophy?

A

Temporal lobes –> hippocampus (memory)

18
Q

Someone is diagnosed with dementia, what might you want to do?

A

Advanced care plan:

(1) Lasting power of attorney
(2) Advanced directive/statement
(3) Advanced decision to refuse Tx
(4) preferred place of care plan

19
Q

What is the ABCD2 score?

A
age 60+
BP: >140 or >90
Clinical features --> 2points (unilateral weakness), 1 point (speech)
Duration (10-60 (1) and 60-24 (2))
DM
20
Q

What ABCD2 score warrants neuroassessment within 24hrs?

A

4+

21
Q

What abcd2 score warrants neuroassessment within 1 week?

A

0-3

22
Q

What also warrants a neuroassessment within 24hrs?

A

Crescendo (even if abcd2 score <4)