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SCS > Imaging! > Flashcards

Imaging! Flashcards

1
Q

are Ottawa ankle and foot rules highly sensitive or specific

A

sensitive

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2
Q

what are the Ottawa ankle rules

A

-TTP to distal 6cm posterior edge of fib/lateral mall
-TTP to distal 6cm tibia/Med malleolus
-TTP base fith MT
-TTP to navicular
-inability to WB 4 steps after injury

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3
Q

what position does the leg need to be in to view the mortise

A

in IR 15-30 degrees

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4
Q

what is the Danis Weber classification

A

type a: below ankle joint, syndesmosis is intact
type b: at level of ankle joint, syndesmosis may be intact or partially torn
type c: above ankle joint, syndesmosis is disrupted

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5
Q

what is the Lauge Hansen classification

A

supination with addiction
supination with ER
pronation with ABD
pronation with ER

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6
Q

what is a Maisonneuve fracture

A

ER Force at the ankle with transmission up to the fibular head, resulting in Prox fibular fracture

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7
Q

tillaux fracture

A

type III SH, peds, distal tibial epiphysis, anterolaterally

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8
Q

what is a Lisfranc fracture

A

mid foot fracture of the tarsal metatarsal joint at 2nd MT and medial and middle cuneiform

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9
Q

what is a hallmark sign of a lisfranc fracture

A

planter bruising

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10
Q

what is a jones fracture, and what is the best view to see it on

A

5th MT and with an oblique view

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11
Q

how will a shin split stress fracture appear on imaging

A

as a cloudy periosteum

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12
Q

what is Sever’s disease

A

calcaneal apophysitis, must rule out avulsions

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13
Q

correct order of imaging for OCD lesion

A

x-ray, then MRi than CT

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14
Q

what type of image is best for posterior pelvic ring

A

CT

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15
Q

what is considered abnormal widening of the symphysis

A

> 1cm

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16
Q

a pelvic exam in an alert patient is highly sensitive. what components are part of the exam

A

over 3 y/o, good cognition, no injuries seen in pelvis, no pain with compression of iliac and pubis, and no pain with hip IR/ER

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17
Q

what are some signs of sxs of stress fractures and osteitis pubis

A

relief with NWB, insidious, local pain, swelling and tender, pubic ramus and symphysis.

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18
Q

what is the most common type of hip dislocation, and which way will it go on imaging

A

posterior most common, will go superior ad lateral

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19
Q

how does an anterior hip dislocation look on imaging

A

inf and medially

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20
Q

what type of fracture will have a shortened leg with IR

A

intertrochanteric

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21
Q

what are the Altman criteria for hip OA

A

hip pain cluster 1: hip pain, hip IR<15, hip flex < 115
cluster 2: hip IR>15, pain with IR, age over 50, morning stiff less than 60 minutes

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22
Q

what is a good hip CPR

A

squat as aggravating factor, decreased flexion, scour test with lateral hip pain, pain with extension and IR <25 degrees.

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23
Q

what is AVN of the femoral head and what ages

A

LCP, 4-10 y/o

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24
Q

what is the best image for LCP

A

MRI

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25
Q

which side is work for a femoral neck stress fracture

A

tension side is worse

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26
Q

what is a sunrise or merchant view on x-ray

A

knee to look between patella and anterior femur

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27
Q

what is a tunnel view x-ray

A

to look at tibial spine, between femoral condyles

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28
Q

what are the Pittsburg knee rules

A

trauma/fall or blunt injury under ager 12 or over age 50, and inability to walk 4 steps.

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29
Q

are the knee imaging rules highly sensitive or specific

A

sensitive

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30
Q

what are the ottawa knee rules

A

-age over 55
-patellar tenderness
-TTP at fibular head
-inability to flex knee 90
-inability to WB 4 steps

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31
Q

what is a fabella

A

normal bone formation in the lateral GN

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32
Q

is a bipartite patella pathogenic

A

no, the superolateral border of the patella is ok.

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33
Q

which way is the most common way to dislocate a patella

A

laterally

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34
Q

what is a segond fracture

A

lateral tibial plateau avulsion fracture, usually with ACL. lateral capsule area is where this type of fracture occurs.

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35
Q

which condyle is it more common to have a OCD lesion

A

medially in men 85%

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36
Q

what is Sinding Larson Johansson

A

inferior patella version of Osgood Schlatter’s

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37
Q

are the Canadian c/s rules sensitive or specific

A

sensitive

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38
Q

what are the Canadian c/s rules

A

-high risk factors (over 65y/o, dangerous MOI (fall over 3 feet, 5 steps, axial loading, MVC, rollover, ejection, bike accident), paresthesia in extremity?)
-low risk (simple rear end (rollover, oncoming traffic, hit by bus/truck), sitting position in ED, ambulatory, delayed onset neck pain, absence of midline tenderness) IF YES….
-can you rotate at least 45 degrees to L and R

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39
Q

what does an odontoid view look at

A

with an open mouth, C1-2

40
Q

after fx ruled out, what type of view can be ordered to check neural foraminal narrowing and alignment of facet joints?

A

oblique

41
Q

swimmers view?

A

c7-T1

42
Q

describe atlantodental interval meanings

A

> 3.5mm instability
7 mm: disrupted transverse ligament
9-10: neurologic injury

43
Q

what is the george line

A

should align with vertebrate with flex and ext

44
Q

cervical gravity line

A

pass through 7th vert

45
Q

prevertebral soft tissue should not be over what spacing in C2-5 then C5-7

A

c2-5 not over 7mm
c5-7 not over 20mm

46
Q

what are the most common c/s fractures

A

c1-2
c5-7
T9-L1

47
Q

what is a jefferson fracture

A

burst of c1, from axial loading

48
Q

what is a odontoid fracture

A

c2

49
Q

hangman fracture

A

posterior c2, hyperextension injury,

50
Q

clay shoveler fracture

A

SP c6,7,T1,2 from hyperflexion

51
Q

how does CSF look in T1 vs T2 weighted

A

T1 CSF will be dark
T2 CSF will be white

52
Q

what is the single most important question/feature of elbow injury that has a high sensitivity of needing an x-ray

A

inability to extend the elbow fully

53
Q

what is the most important elbow view

A

lateral bent at 90 degrees

54
Q

what is a fat pad sign/sail sign

A

means trauma, maybe dislocation, definitely joint effusion

55
Q

what is the most common site of fracture in the elbow

A

the radial head

56
Q

what is a nightstick fracture

A

mid shaft fracture of either ulna or radius

57
Q

monteggia fracture

A

proximal ulna fracture with dislocated radial head

58
Q

galeazzi fracture

A

fracture of distal radius with ulnar head dislocation

59
Q

greenstsick fracture

A

from kids with soft bones, one side fractures and possible other side that just bends

60
Q

little league elbow happens at which part of elbow

A

medial epiocondyle

61
Q

what is the new orleans criteria

A

CT needed when you have headache, over 60 years old, NV, drug or alcohol involved and trauma above the calvicle and possible seizures

62
Q

is ultrasound highly accurate for full or partial thickness RTC tears

A

full

63
Q

what view of the shoulder can view a bony Bankart or hill sachs

A

axillary/west point view

64
Q

mercedes shoulder view

A

like a scap y view

65
Q

stryer view can visualize a

A

hill sachs

66
Q

what view looks at the AC joint

A

zanca view

67
Q

what is teh direction of most common shoulder dislocation

A

anterior and inferior

68
Q

what is the Quebec decision rule for imaging following shoulder dislocation

A

???

69
Q

hill sachs vs bankart

A

hill sachs on humeral head, bankart on inferior glenoid rim

70
Q

HAGL lesion:

A

humeral avulsion of the Glenohumeral ligament

71
Q

ALPSA lesion

A

anterior labroligamentous periosteal sleeve avulsion

72
Q

Sprengel Deformity

A

scapula does not descend

73
Q

what image is best for labral lesions

A

mRA

74
Q

what wrist deviation do you use to image for scaphoid trauma

A

UD

75
Q

carpal views are needed for what type of wrist fracture

A

hamate

76
Q

arch lines of carpals is called…

A

gilugli lines

77
Q

hamate fractrues with what types of activities

A

golf, baseball

78
Q

terry Thomas sign

A

S-L dissociation

79
Q

what is the second line of imaging in wrist

A

MRI

80
Q

Keinboch’s

A

AVN lunate

81
Q

most common forearm fracture

A

Colles : distal radius with dorsal angulation of the distal fragment

82
Q

smith fracture

A

reverse Colles. distal fragment is dislocated palmery/volarly

83
Q

Torus fracture

A

bucks fracture, compression, in kids

84
Q

is imaging always (+) for scaphoid fracture

A

no

85
Q

if scaphoid fx possible, and initial x-ray (-), what is course of treatment

A

stabilize the wrist and repeat imaging in 2 weeks

86
Q

what part of scaphoid fractures

A

middle (waist)

87
Q

signs of scaphoid fracture

A

TTP at snuffbox, scaphoid tubercle, compression with first metacarpal into carpals

88
Q

scapoid fracture will be painful with what deviation at wrist

A

radial

89
Q

signet ring sign is a sign of

A

scaphoid fracture

90
Q

Keinboch’s disease,

A

lunate AVN, males over females, x-ray than MRi

91
Q

boxers fracture

A

5th metacarpal

92
Q

rolando fracture

A

thumb, base first metacarpal in 3 pieces interarticular

93
Q

bennet fracture

A

thumb, base of first metacarpal in 2 pieces interarticular

94
Q

gamekeepers fracture

A

avulsion in thumb, UCL is ruptured, and like skiers, cannot grip things

95
Q

steners lesion

A

rupture UCL and it reflects out of aponeurosis

96
Q
A

SCS (26 decks)

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