Immune System Review

Question 1

What is a pathogen?

Answer 1

Anything that can cause a disease

Question 2

What are four ways a pathogen can be spread?

Answer 2

1. Vector
2. Sexual Contact
3. Fluid
4. Blood

Question 3

What is a vector?

Answer 3

Carrier of disease (mosquito)

Question 4

What is a non-specific immune response?

Answer 4

An unspecialized way for the body to ward off an ailment

Question 5

How are fevers and inflammations examples of non-specific immune responses?

Answer 5

They raise the body’s temperature to kill infections and introduce white blood cells to the area to fight off disease w/out targeting a specific ailment

Question 6

How does the skin provide a first line of defense against pathogens entering the body?

Answer 6

The skin does not allow ailments to thrive - it is sterile

Question 7

What happens if you are exposed to a pathogen and you are already vaccinated for it?

Answer 7

Nothing - your body knows how to fight off pathogen and will eliminate it

Question 8

Histamine

Answer 8

Reaction your body has to invader (throat swelling up, eyes swelling)

Question 9

Antihistamine

Answer 9

Used for sleep and fighting off infections - reverses histamine effect (benadril)

Question 10

What is an autoimmune disease?

Answer 10

Body “attacks” itself - cells go to war (lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis)

Question 11

Leukemia

Answer 11

Disease in which defective white bloods cells are unable to fight off infection

Question 12

T-Cells

Answer 12

Killer cells - cytotoxins (produces memory cells)

Question 13

B-Cells

Answer 13

Antibody factories (produces memory cells)

Question 14

Phagocyte

Answer 14

Particles in blood that engulf/dissolve bacteria

Question 15

Robert Kach

Answer 15

Proved germ theory correct (conducted cow experiment where he infected healthy cow’s blood with diseased cow - took healthy cow’s blood and found it to be diseased as well)