Immuno Drugs Flashcards Preview

USMLE Step 1 > Immuno Drugs > Flashcards

Flashcards in Immuno Drugs Deck (28)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Cyclosporine: Mechanism

A

Calcineurin inhibitor

  • binds to cyclophillins
  • complex blocks differentiation and activation of T cells by inhibiting calcineurin thus NO IL-2 and IL-2 receptor production
2
Q

Cyclosporine: Use

A

Suppresses organ rejection after transplantation; selected autoimmune disorders

3
Q

Cyclosporine: Toxicity

A

Nephrotoxicity, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, Hyperglycemia, Tremor, Gingival hyperplasia

4
Q

Tacrolimus

A
  • Calcineurin inhibitor, binds to FK- binding protein
  • inhibits secretion of IL-2
  • potent immunosuppressive and used in organ transplant recipients
5
Q

Tacrolimus Toxicity

A

HYPERlipidemia, HYPERglycemia, Tremor, HTN, Nephrotoxicity

6
Q

Sirolimus (Rapamyocin)

A

inhibits mTOR. Inhibits T-cell proliferation in response to IL-2

  • immunosuppression after kidney transplant in combo with cyclosporine and corticosteroids
  • used with drug-eluting stents
7
Q

Sirolimus: Toxicity

A

Hyperlipidemia, Thrombocytopenia, Leukopenia

8
Q

Azathioprine

A

antimetabolite precursor of 6-MP that interfers with metabolism and synthesis of nucleic acids. Toxic to proliferating lymphocytes
- used for kidney transplants, autoimmune disorders (glomerulonephritis and hemoluytic anemia)

9
Q

Azathiprine Toxicity

A

Bone marrow suppression. Active metabolite mercaptopurine can be metabolized by xanthine oxidase.
Toxic effects may be increased by allopurinol

10
Q

Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3)

A
  • monoclonal antibody that binds to CD3 on surface of T cells. Blocks interaction with CD3 protein responsible for T-cell signal transduction
  • immunosuppression after kidney transplant
11
Q

Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3) Toxicity

A

Cytokine release syndrome

Hypersensitivity reaction

12
Q

Aldesleukin

A

IL-2 - used for renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma

13
Q

Epoetin alfa (

A

Erythropoitein - used for anemia

14
Q

Filgrastim

A

G-CSF - used to recovery bone marrow

15
Q

Sargramostim

A

GM-CSF - used to recover bone marrow

16
Q

Alpha interferon

A

Used for Hep B and C
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Leukemias
Malignant melanoma

17
Q

B-interferon

A

Multiple sclerosis

18
Q

Gamma-interferon

A

Chronic granulomatous fisease

19
Q

Oprelvekin

A

IL -11 - used for Thrombocytopenia

20
Q

Thrombopoetin

A

Thrombocytopenia

21
Q

Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3)

A
  • targets CD3

- used to prevent ACUTE transplant rejection

22
Q

Digoxin Immune Fab

A
  • targets Digozin

- antidode for digoxin intoxication

23
Q

Infliximab

A
  • target TNF-alpha

- antidote for Crohn’s disease, RA, Psoriatic arthritis, Ankylosing spondylitis

24
Q

Adalmimumab

A
  • targets TNF-alpha

- Crohn’s disease, RA, psoriatic arthritis

25
Q

Abciximab

A
  • targets Glycoprotein IIB/IIa

- prevent cardiac ischemia in unstable angina and in patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention

26
Q

Trastuzumab (Herceptin)

A
  • targets HER2

- HER-2 overexpressing breast cancer

27
Q

Rituximab

A
  • targets CD20

- used for B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

28
Q

Omalizumab

A
  • targets IgE

- additional line of treatment for severe asthma