Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PANCE Questions combined > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

(100 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

White curd like vaginal discharge should make you think of what diagnosis

A

Vaginal candida infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Owl Eye inclusion bodies should make you think of what diagnosis

A

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

If you have a patient with positive blood cultures for candida what is the first line drug

A

Amphotericin B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the treatment for pertussis

A

Erythromycin for seven days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A leukemia patient has a CT of the liver which shows punched out lesions. What diagnosis should you be thinking of

A

Hepatosplenic candida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What disease does rickettsia rickettsii cause

A

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

An India ink stain showing cyst should make you think of what diagnosis

A

Cryptoccosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A COPD patient has apical cavities in calcified nodes on his CXR. You also discovered he has a pet bat and a few birds. What is the most likely diagnosis

A

Histoplasmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

An HIV patient presents with a nonproductive cough and a chest x-ray showing diffuse interstitial infiltrates. What is the most likely diagnosis

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCJ) formerly known as pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Honey and babies should make you think of what diagnosis

A

Botulism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of organism causes botulism

A

A gram-positive rod

Clostridium botulinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the treatment for botulism

A

Antitoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A patient presents to the ER with acute progressive weakness, diplopia and a very dry mouth. What organism may be causing this

A

Cholera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Is diphtheria gram-positive or gram-negative organisms

A

Gram-positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A stuck on gray membrane in the pharynx should make you think of what diagnosis

A

Diphtheria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are four steps in treating diphtheria

A

Antitoxin, penicillin, remove membrane, report the case to the CDC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the clinical name for whooping cough

A

Pertussis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What type of organism causes tetanus

A

A gram-positive rod, clostridium tetani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A patient ate out last night and today has cramping and bloody diarrhea. What is the most likely organism

A

Salmonella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Diarrhea with blood and mucus should make you think of

A

Shigella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the best test to diagnose malaria

A

Peripheral blood smear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What organism has been linked to reactive arthritis

A

Shigella, also remember that reactive arthritis has a positive HLA – B27

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the treatment for shigella

A

Bactrim or fluorquinolones and hydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What organism causes Lyme disease

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the minimum amount of time needed for a tick to transfer Lyme disease to a human
24 hours
26
What is the drug of choice to treat Lyme disease in a kids or pregnant woman
Amoxicillin
27
What is the drug of choice to treat C. Difficile
Metronidazole
28
A patient was in the woods yesterday and today presents with erythema migrans. What is the most likely diagnosis
Lyme disease
29
What drug is used for the treatment or prophylaxis of malaria
Cloroquine
30
A patient was camping a few days ago and now has a rash that began on his wrist and ankles. What is the most likely diagnosis
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
31
What is the drug of choice for treating Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Doxycycline
32
What is the drug of choice for the treatment of syphilis
Penicillin
33
Any reference to dark field microscopy should make you think of what organism
Treponema pallidum
34
Is Staph gram-positive or gram-negative
Gram-positive
35
A patient being treated with penicillin for a syphilis infection develops fever, chills, muscle pain and headaches. Do you stop the treatment
No this is Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. The patient must be closely monitored, but it is a response to released endotoxin from the death of the spirochetes and not an allergic reaction
36
What organism is believed to be the main culprit in creating peptic ulcers
Helicobactor Pylori
37
A painless, clean base chancre should make you think of what diagnosis
Primary syphilis
38
Is pseudomonas gram-positive or gram-negative
Gram-negative
39
A patient complains of a rash on his palms and soles. He has a fever and chills. In conversation he mentioned a strange painless chancre he had a few weeks ago. What is the most likely diagnosis
Secondary syphilis. This is the most contagious stage
40
What is the treatment for cholera
Fluids
41
What is the current drug of choice for the cytomegalovirus
Ganciclovir
42
Which herpes virus causes Epstein-Barr
Herpes four
43
A 16-year-old girl presents with an exudative sore throat and general malaise. On physical exam you observe some posterior chain lymphadenopathy and mild splenomegaly. What is the most likely diagnosis
Epstein-Barr virus
44
What are the two important pieces of patient education for anyone diagnosed with mononucleosis
No contact sports in no kissing due to splenic rupture and highly contagious
45
What is the first symptom of a rabies infection
Pain and anesthesia at the site of the bite
46
How do you definitively diagnosed rabies
Pathology of the brain of the animal that preformed the bite using fluorescent antibody stain
47
A patient is bitten by a rabies infected raccoon. On what days do you give human diploid cells
0, 3, 7 , 14, 28
48
A diaper rash with satellite lesions should make you think of what diagnosis
Candida
49
Name three series reactions in a patient may have with the use of Vancomycin
Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity and Steven Johnson syndrome
50
What test are done to screen for HIV
Eliza and then if the positive diagnosis is confirmed with the Western blot
51
What is the drug of choice for the treatment of Lyme disease
Doxycycline
52
What does trismus mean
Lockjaw, often secondary to tetanus
53
How do you treat Amebiasis
Metronidazole
54
How do you treat PCJ or PCP
Bactrim
55
What is the treatment for tetanus infection
Penicillin, immunoglobulin and supportive care
56
How do hookyou hook worm larvae enter the body
They penetrate the skin usually through the soles of the feet
57
How do you treat hookworm
Azoles
58
What type of mosquitoes carry malaria
Anopheles
59
How do you treat white oral plaques that can be scraped off
This is most likely Candida. Topical nystatin oral fluconizole 1 mg are first line choices
60
A CT scan shows ring enhancing lesions in an HIV patient. What is the most likely diagnosis
Toxoplasmosis
61
What is the drug of choice for toxoplasmosis
Bactrim
62
What organism causes toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasma Gondii
63
What drug do you use to treat pinworm
You treat everyone in the house with albendazole. Two weeks later you treat them again
64
The scotch tape test is used to diagnose what disease
Pinworm
65
Is Neisseria gram-positive or gram-negative
Gram-negative
66
Syphilis is caused by what organism
Treponema pallidum
67
A gram-positive organisms in chains should make you think of what diagnosis
Strep
68
A gram negative diplococci should make you think of what diagnosis
neisseria
69
What is the most common prophylactic anabiotic used preoperatively
Cefazolin = ancef | Keflex
70
What oral anabiotic can be used for Pseudomonas
Ciprofloxacin
71
What is the suffix used for most fluoroquinolones
Oxacin
72
Why aren’t fluoroquinolones used more frequently
They have lots of side effects
73
A patient presents with a ruptured Achilles tendon. He states he was recently in the hospital for a blood infection and on a ton of anabiotic‘s. What antibiotic class may he have been on
Fluoroquinolones
74
Why can’t you get fluoroquinolones to kids
They can cause Cartlidge development problems
75
What class of anabiotic‘s should you start with for community acquired pneumonia
Macrolides
76
List two macrolides
Erythromycin, Azithromycin, clarithromycin
77
What anabiotic class is the class of choice for chlamydia
Macrolides
78
What class of anabiotic‘s is sometimes prescribed specifically for the effects on increasing GI motility
Macrolides
79
Which medication is worse to give to a pediatric patient, tetracycline or in aminoglycoside
Tetracycline
80
Pizza pie retinopathy should make you think of what diagnosis
Cytomegalovirus
81
A patient presents complaining of a metallic taste in her mouth and dark brown urine. What anabiotic might she be on
Metronidazole
82
What anabiotic is most likely to cause clostridium difficle
Clindamycin
83
What is the current drug of choice for treating MRSA
Vancomycin
84
You place the patient on rifampin. What side effects should you warn them about
Orange red discoloration body fluids
85
What might happen if you infuse vancomycin too fast
Red man syndrome
86
Name one oral medication that can be used for MRSA
Linezolid (Zyvox) and Bactrim
87
What organism is most commonly responsible for community acquired pneumonia
Strep pneumoniae
88
What organism is the most common cause of an uncomplicated urinary tract infection
E. Coli
89
Gummas or granulomatous nodules should make you think of what diagnosis
Tertiary syphilis
90
Bloody stool with cyst and trophozoites she make you think of what diagnosis
Amebiasis
91
Community acquired carditis is most often caused by one of the HACEEK organisms. List the HACEK organisms
``` Haemophilus Actinobacillus Cardiobacterium Eikenella Kingella ```
92
What are three medications often combined as a first-line treatment for H. Pylori
Omeprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin (CAP)
93
What is the prophylactic anabiotic most commonly given before dental procedure if one is necessary
Amoxicillin 2 grams PO one hour before procedure
94
A pregnant woman and cat litter should make you think of what diagnosis
Toxoplasmosis
95
What is the drug of choice to treat a urethritis caused by neisseria
Ceftriaxone
96
Is klebsiella gram-positive or gram-negative
Gram-negative
97
A gram-positive organisms in clusters should make you think of what diagnosis
Staph
98
What is the best test for diagnosing rocky Mountain spotted fever
Indirect immunofluorescent antibodies
99
A gram-negative cocci bacilli found in the sputum of patient with pneumonia should make you think of what diagnosis
H. Flu
100
What medication is used as prophylaxis for a meningococcal meningitis
Rifampin

PANCE Questions combined (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions