Influenza Flashcards

(10 cards)

1
Q

Pathophysiology

A

Spread: droplet
Incubation: 1-4d
Infectivity: 1d before symptoms start to 7d after
Immunity: only strains which have already attacked pt

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2
Q

Presentation

A
Fever
Headache
Malaise
Myalgia
N/v
Conjunctivitis
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3
Q

Complications

A
Bronchitis
Pneumonia: esp. Staph
Sinusitis
Encephalitis
Pericarditis
Reyes: rash, vomiting, ↑LFTs in children give aspirin
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4
Q

Ix

A

Bloods: lymphopenia,
thrombocytopenia
Culture: 1wk from nasal swabs
PCR: takes 36h

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5
Q

Mx

A

Bed rest + paracetamol

If severe:

  • ITU
  • Cipro and co-amoxiclav: prevent Staph and Strep
  • Oseltamivir
  • Neuraminidase inhibitor

Zanamivir:
Inhaled NA inhibitor active

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6
Q

Prevention

A

Good hygiene

Trivalent Vaccine

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7
Q

Who is offered the flu vaccine

A

> 65yrs
DM, COPD, heart, renal, liver failure
Immunosuppression: splenectomy, steroids
Medical staff

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8
Q

Haemagglutinin

A

Surface antigen which binds to cells of infected person

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9
Q

Neuraminidase

A

Surface antigen that releases the virus from the host cells

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10
Q

Genetic variance

A

Life cycle 6 hrs
High error rate as no viral RNA polymerases
Causes antigenic drift

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